# 破産法 / Bankruptcy Act — 第七章 (Chapter 7) - Law: 破産法 (Bankruptcy Act), 平成十六年法律第七十五号 - English title "Bankruptcy Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第七章 (Chapter 7) — address `ch-7` - Text: the text as amended with effect from 2028-06-13 (On a day set by Cabinet Order, no later than 13 June 2028 — the amending law allows up to five years from promulgation. The exact day is not fixed yet.) — NOT yet in force (revision 20280613_505AC0000000053) - URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#ch-7 - The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/ch-7 - Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is machine translation. --- ## 第七章　破産財団の換価 — Chapter VII Realization of Bankruptcy Estates heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#ch-7 ## 第一節　通則 — Section 1 General Rules heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-7/sec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#ch-7/sec-1 ### 第百八十四条（換価の方法） — (Methods of Realization) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-184 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184 **第一項** 第七十八条第二項第一号及び第二号に掲げる財産の換価は、これらの規定により任意売却をする場合を除き、民事執行法その他強制執行の手続に関する法令の規定によってする。 art-184/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-1 Realization of the property referred to in Article 78, paragraph (2), items (i) and (ii) is conducted pursuant to the provisions of the Civil Enforcement Act and other laws and regulations concerning a procedure for enforcement except when it is conducted through sale by private contract pursuant to those provisions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 破産管財人は、民事執行法その他強制執行の手続に関する法令の規定により、別除権の目的である財産の換価をすることができる。この場合においては、別除権者は、その換価を拒むことができない。 art-184/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-2 A bankruptcy trustee may realize the collateral for the right of separate satisfaction. In this case, the holder of the right of separate satisfaction may not refuse the realization pursuant to the provisions of the Civil Enforcement Act and other laws and regulations concerning a procedure for enforcement. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前二項の場合には、民事執行法第六十三条及び第百二十九条（これらの規定を同法その他強制執行の手続に関する法令において準用する場合を含む。）の規定は、適用しない。 art-184/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-3 In the cases referred to in the preceding two paragraphs, the provisions of Article 63 and Article 129 of the Civil Enforcement Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of that Act and other laws and regulations concerning a procedure for enforcement) do not apply. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第二項の場合において、別除権者が受けるべき金額がまだ確定していないときは、破産管財人は、代金を別に寄託しなければならない。この場合においては、別除権は、寄託された代金につき存する。 art-184/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-4 In the case referred to in paragraph (2), if the amount to be received by a holder of a right of separate satisfaction has not been finalized, a bankruptcy trustee must separately deposit the fee. In this case, the right of separate satisfaction exists upon the fee deposited. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百八十五条（別除権者が処分をすべき期間の指定） — (Designation of the Period for Disposal by Holders of Rights of Separate Satisfaction) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-185 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185 **第一項** 別除権者が法律に定められた方法によらないで別除権の目的である財産の処分をする権利を有するときは、裁判所は、破産管財人の申立てにより、別除権者がその処分をすべき期間を定めることができる。 art-185/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-1 If a holder of a right of separate satisfaction has a right to dispose of the collateral for the right of separate satisfaction by means other than that prescribed by law, upon the petition of a bankruptcy trustee, the court may specify a period during which the holder of the right of separate satisfaction should dispose of the collateral. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 別除権者は、前項の期間内に処分をしないときは、同項の権利を失う。 art-185/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-2 A holder of a right of separate satisfaction that fails to dispose the collateral within the period stated in the preceding paragraph loses the right referred to in that paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。 art-185/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-3 An immediate appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition referred to in paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項の申立てについての裁判及び前項の即時抗告についての裁判があった場合には、その電子裁判書を当事者に送達しなければならない。この場合においては、第十条第三項本文の規定は、適用しない。 art-185/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-4 When a judicial decision on the petition referred to in paragraph (1) and a judicial decision on the immediate appeal referred to in the preceding paragraph are made, the electronic judgments must be served upon the parties concerned. In this case, the provisions of the main clause of Article 10, paragraph (3) do not apply. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第二節　担保権の消滅 — Section 2 Extinguishment of Security Interests heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-7/sec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#ch-7/sec-2 ### 第百八十六条（担保権消滅の許可の申立て） — (Petitions for Permission for Extinguishment of Security Interests) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-186 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186 **第一項** 破産手続開始の時において破産財団に属する財産につき担保権（特別の先取特権、質権、抵当権又は商法若しくは会社法の規定による留置権をいう。以下この節において同じ。）が存する場合において、当該財産を任意に売却して当該担保権を消滅させることが破産債権者の一般の利益に適合するときは、破産管財人は、裁判所に対し、当該財産を任意に売却し、次の各号に掲げる区分に応じてそれぞれ当該各号に定める額に相当する金銭が裁判所に納付されることにより当該財産につき存するすべての担保権を消滅させることについての許可の申立てをすることができる。ただし、当該担保権を有する者の利益を不当に害することとなると認められるときは、この限りでない。 art-186/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 If any security interest (meaning a special statutory lien, pledge, mortgage, or a right of retention under the provisions of the Commercial Code or the Companies Act; the same applies below in this Section) exists at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate, if it is in the common interest of bankruptcy creditors to extinguish the security interests by selling the property by private contract, a bankruptcy trustee may file a petition to the court for permission to sell the property by private contract and extinguish all security interests on the property by paying to the court the amount of money specified in each of the following items in accordance with the category stated in the respective items; however, this does not apply if it is found that this would unduly harm the interest of the persons who hold the security interests: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 破産管財人が、売却によってその相手方から取得することができる金銭（売買契約の締結及び履行のために要する費用のうち破産財団から現に支出し又は将来支出すべき実費の額並びに当該財産の譲渡に課されるべき消費税額等（当該消費税額及びこれを課税標準として課されるべき地方消費税額をいう。以下この節において同じ。）に相当する額であって、当該売買契約において相手方の負担とされるものに相当する金銭を除く。以下この節において「売得金」という。）の一部を破産財団に組み入れようとする場合　売得金の額から破産財団に組み入れようとする金銭（以下この節において「組入金」という。）の額を控除した額 art-186/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-1 when a bankruptcy trustee seeks to transfer part of the amount of money that can be obtained from the counterparty through sale (excluding the amount of money consisting of the amount of actual costs already paid or to be paid in the future from the bankruptcy estate for concluding and performing the sales contract and the amount of consumption tax, etc. to be imposed on the transfer of the property (meaning the amount of consumption tax and the amount of local consumption tax to be imposed based on the former amount as a tax base; hereinafter the same applies in this Section), which is to be borne by the counterparty under the sales contract; referred to below as "proceeds" in this Section) into the bankruptcy estate: the amount obtained by deducting the amount of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the bankruptcy estate (referred to below as the "money deducted from the proceeds and added to the bankruptcy estate" in this Section) from the amount of proceeds; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前号に掲げる場合以外の場合　売得金の額 art-186/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-2 cases other than the one stated in the preceding item:the amount of proceeds. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項第一号に掲げる場合には、同項の申立てをしようとする破産管財人は、組入金の額について、あらかじめ、当該担保権を有する者と協議しなければならない。 art-186/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-2 In the case stated in item (i) of the preceding paragraph, a bankruptcy trustee that seeks to file a petition referred to in that paragraph must consult with the person that holds the security interest in question in advance with regard to the amount of money deducted from the proceeds and added to the bankruptcy estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の申立ては、次に掲げる事項を記載した書面（以下この節において「申立書」という。）でしなければならない。 art-186/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3 The petition referred to in paragraph (1) must be filed by means of a document stating the following particulars (referred to below as a "written petition" in this Section): Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 担保権の目的である財産の表示 art-186/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 the indication of the property that is the subject of a security interest; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 売得金の額（前号の財産が複数あるときは、売得金の額及びその各財産ごとの内訳の額） art-186/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-2 the amount of proceeds (if the property referred to in the preceding item consists of two or more pieces of property, the amount of proceeds and the amount allocated to each piece of property); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 第一号の財産の売却の相手方の氏名又は名称 art-186/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-3 the name of the counterparty to the sale of the property referred to in item (i); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 消滅すべき担保権の表示 art-186/par-3/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-4 the indication of the security interest required to be extinguished; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 前号の担保権によって担保される債権の額 art-186/par-3/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-5 the amount of claim secured by the security interests referred to in the preceding item; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **六** 第一項第一号に掲げる場合には、組入金の額（第一号の財産が複数あるときは、組入金の額及びその各財産ごとの内訳の額） art-186/par-3/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-6 in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (i), the amount of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the estate (if the property referred to in item (i) consists of two or more pieces of property, the amount of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the bankruptcy estate and the amount allocated to each piece of property); and Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (i), the amount of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the estate (if the property referred to in the preceding item consists of two or more pieces of property, the amount of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the bankruptcy estate and the amount allocated to each piece of property); and" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb **七** 前項の規定による協議の内容及びその経過 art-186/par-3/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-7 the content and process of the consultation under the provisions of the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項の申立てをするときは、前項第一号の財産の売却に係る売買契約の内容（売買契約の締結及び履行のために要する費用のうち破産財団から現に支出し又は将来支出すべき実費の額並びに当該財産の譲渡に課されるべき消費税額等に相当する額であって、当該売買契約において相手方の負担とされるものを含む。）を記載し、又は記録した書面又は電磁的記録を裁判所に提出しなければならない。 art-186/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-4 When a petition referred to in paragraph (1) is filed, a document or electronic or magnetic record stating or recording the content of the sales contract for the sale of property referred to in item (i) of the preceding paragraph (including the amount of money consisting of the amount of actual costs already paid or to be paid in the future from the bankruptcy estate for concluding and performing the sales contract and the amount of consumption tax, etc. to be imposed on the transfer of the property, which is to be borne by the counterparty under the sales contract) must be submitted to the court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項の申立てがあった場合には、申立書及び前項の書面又は電磁的記録を、当該申立書に記載された第三項第四号の担保権を有する者（以下この節において「被申立担保権者」という。）に送達しなければならない。この場合においては、第十条第三項本文の規定は、適用しない。 art-186/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-5 If a petition referred to in paragraph (1) is filed, the written petition and the document or the electronic or magnetic record referred to in the preceding paragraph must be served upon the person that holds the security interest referred to in paragraph (3), item (iv) which is stated in the written petition (referred to below as a "designated security interest holder" in this Section). In this case, the provisions of the main clause of Article 10, paragraph (3) do not apply. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百八十七条（担保権の実行の申立て） — (Petitions for Exercise of Security Interests) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-187 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187 **第一項** 被申立担保権者は、前条第一項の申立てにつき異議があるときは、同条第五項の規定により全ての被申立担保権者に申立書及び同条第四項の書面又は電磁的記録の送達がされた日から一月以内に、担保権の実行の申立てをしたことを証する書面又は電磁的記録を裁判所に提出することができる。 art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 If a designated security interest holder has an objection to the petition referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, they may submit to the court a document or an electronic or magnetic record that certifies their filing of a petition for exercise of security interest within one month after the day on which the written petition and the document or the electronic or magnetic record referred to in paragraph (4) of that Article is served upon all designated security interest holders pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of that Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、被申立担保権者につきやむを得ない事由がある場合に限り、当該被申立担保権者の申立てにより、前項の期間を伸長することができる。 art-187/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-2 The court may extend the period referred to in the preceding paragraph upon the petition of a designated security interest holder, only if the designated security interest holder has compelling reasons. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 破産管財人と被申立担保権者との間に売得金及び組入金の額（前条第一項第二号に掲げる場合にあっては、売得金の額）について合意がある場合には、当該被申立担保権者は、担保権の実行の申立てをすることができない。 art-187/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-3 If there is an agreement between a bankruptcy trustee and a designated security interest holder with regard to the amounts of proceeds and of money to be deducted from the proceeds and added to the estate (in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (ii) of the preceding Article, the amount of proceeds), the designated security interest holder may not file a petition for exercise of security interests. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 被申立担保権者は、第一項の期間（第二項の規定により伸長されたときは、その伸長された期間。以下この節において同じ。）が経過した後は、第百九十条第六項の規定により第百八十九条第一項の許可の決定が取り消され、又は同項の不許可の決定が確定した場合を除き、担保権の実行の申立てをすることができない。 art-187/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-4 A designated security interest holder may not file a petition for exercise of security interests after the period referred to in paragraph (1) (if it is extended pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2), the extended period; the same applies below in this Section) has expired, except when an order of permission referred to in Article 189, paragraph (1) is reversed pursuant to the provisions of Article 190, paragraph (6) or an order of non-permission referred to in that paragraph becomes final and binding. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項の担保権の実行の申立てをしたことを証する書面又は電磁的記録が提出された後に、当該担保権の実行の申立てが取り下げられ、又は却下された場合には、当該書面又は電磁的記録は提出されなかったものとみなす。民事執行法第百八十八条において準用する同法第六十三条又は同法第百九十二条において準用する同法第百二十九条（これらの規定を同法その他強制執行の手続に関する法令において準用する場合を含む。）の規定により同項の担保権の実行の手続が取り消された場合も、同様とする。 art-187/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-5 If the petition for exercise of security interest has been withdrawn or dismissed without prejudice after a document or an electronic or magnetic record that certifies the filing of a petition for exercising security interests referred to in paragraph (1) was submitted, the document or the electronic or magnetic record is deemed not to have been submitted. The same applies when the procedure for exercising security interests referred to in that paragraph is reversed pursuant to the provisions of Article 63 of the Civil Enforcement Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 188 of that Act, or Article 129 of that Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 192 of that Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to that Act and other laws and regulations concerning a procedure for enforcement). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第百八十九条第一項の不許可の決定が確定した後に、第一項の担保権の実行の申立てが取り下げられ、又は却下された場合において、破産管財人が前条第一項の申立てをしたときは、当該担保権の実行の申立てをした被申立担保権者は、第一項の規定にかかわらず、同項の担保権の実行の申立てをしたことを証する書面又は電磁的記録を提出することができない。 art-187/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-6 After an order of non-permission stated in Article 189, paragraph (1) became final and binding, if a petition for exercising security interests referred to in paragraph (1) has been withdrawn or dismissed and a bankruptcy trustee files a petition referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the designated security interest holder that has filed the petition for exercising security interests may not submit the document or the electronic or magnetic record that certifies their filing of the petition for exercising security interests referred to in that paragraph, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百八十八条（買受けの申出） — (Purchase Offers) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-188 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188 **第一項** 被申立担保権者は、第百八十六条第一項の申立てにつき異議があるときは、前条第一項の期間内に、破産管財人に対し、当該被申立担保権者又は他の者が第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産を買い受ける旨の申出（以下この節において「買受けの申出」という。）をすることができる。 art-188/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-1 A designated security interest holder that has an objection to the petition referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1) may make an offer to a bankruptcy trustee within the period stated in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article to the effect that the designated security interest holder or any other person will purchase the property referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) (referred to below as a "purchase offer" in this Section). Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "A designated security interest holder that has an objection to the petition referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1) may make an offer to a bankruptcy trustee within the period stated in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article to the effect that the designated security interest holder or any other person will purchase the property referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) referred to below as a "purchase offer" in this Section)." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb **第二項** 買受けの申出は、次に掲げる事項を記載した書面でしなければならない。 art-188/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2 A purchase offer must be made by means of a document stating the following particulars: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産を買い受けようとする者（以下この節において「買受希望者」という。）の氏名又は名称 art-188/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2/item-1 the name of the person that seeks to purchase the property stated in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) (referred to below as the "applicant for purchase" in this Section); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 破産管財人が第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産の売却によって買受希望者から取得することができる金銭の額（売買契約の締結及び履行のために要する費用のうち破産財団から現に支出し又は将来支出すべき実費の額並びに当該財産の譲渡に課されるべき消費税額等に相当する額であって、当該売買契約において買受希望者の負担とされるものに相当する金銭を除く。以下この節において「買受けの申出の額」という。） art-188/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2/item-2 the amount of money that a bankruptcy trustee can obtain from the applicant for purchase through the sale of the property referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) (excluding the amount of money consisting of the amount of actual costs already paid or to be paid in the future from the bankruptcy estate for concluding and performing the sales contract and the amount of consumption tax, etc. to be imposed on the transfer of the property, which is to be borne by the purchase applicant under the sales contract; referred to below as the "offered purchase price" in this Section); and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産が複数あるときは、買受けの申出の額の各財産ごとの内訳の額 art-188/par-2/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2/item-3 if the property stated in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) consists of two or more pieces of property, the amount of offered purchase price allocated to each piece of property. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 買受けの申出の額は、申立書に記載された第百八十六条第三項第二号の売得金の額にその二十分の一に相当する額を加えた額以上でなければならない。 art-188/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-3 The offered purchase price must be more than the sum obtained by adding the amount of proceeds referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (ii) which is stated in the written petition to the amount equivalent to one-twentieth of the amount. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産が複数あるときは、第二項第三号の買受けの申出の額の各財産ごとの内訳の額は、当該各財産につき、同条第三項第二号の売得金の額の各財産ごとの内訳の額を下回ってはならない。 art-188/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-4 If the property referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) consists of two or more pieces of property, the amount of the offered purchase price stated in paragraph (2), item (iii) allocated to each piece of property must not be below the amount of proceeds referred to in paragraph (3), item (ii) of that Article allocated to each respective piece of property. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 買受希望者は、買受けの申出に際し、最高裁判所規則で定める額及び方法による保証を破産管財人に提供しなければならない。 art-188/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-5 Upon making a purchase offer, a purchase applicant must provide a bankruptcy trustee with the guarantee of the amount and by the means specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 前条第三項の規定は、買受けの申出について準用する。 art-188/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-6 The provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to a purchase offer. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 買受けの申出をした者（その者以外の者が買受希望者である場合にあっては、当該買受希望者）は、前条第一項の期間内は、当該買受けの申出を撤回することができる。 art-188/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-7 A person that has made a purchase offer (if a person other than the person who has made the purchase offer is a purchase applicant, the purchase applicant) may withdraw the purchase offer within the period referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 破産管財人は、買受けの申出があったときは、前条第一項の期間が経過した後、裁判所に対し、第百八十六条第三項第一号の財産を買受希望者に売却する旨の届出をしなければならない。この場合において、買受けの申出が複数あったときは、最高の買受けの申出の額に係る買受希望者（最高の買受けの申出の額に係る買受けの申出が複数あった場合にあっては、そのうち最も先にされたものに係る買受希望者）に売却する旨の届出をしなければならない。 art-188/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-8 When a purchase offer is made, a bankruptcy trustee must notify the court to the effect that they will sell the property referred to in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i) to the purchase applicant after the period referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article has expired. In this case, if two or more purchase offers are made, a bankruptcy trustee must give notification to the effect that they will sell the property to the purchase applicant who has made the purchase offer with the highest offered purchase price (if there are two or more purchase offers with the highest offered purchase price, the purchase applicant who has made the first offer). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 前項の場合においては、破産管財人は、前条第一項の期間内にされた買受けの申出に係る第二項の書面を裁判所に提出しなければならない。 art-188/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-9 In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a bankruptcy trustee must submit to the court the document referred to in paragraph (2) related to the purchase offer made within the period stated in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十項** 買受けの申出があったときは、破産管財人は、第百八十六条第一項の申立てを取り下げるには、買受希望者（次条第一項の許可の決定が確定した後にあっては、同条第二項に規定する買受人）の同意を得なければならない。 art-188/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-10 When a purchase offer is made, in order to withdraw the petition referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1), a bankruptcy trustee must obtain consent from the purchase applicant (after the order of permission stated in paragraph (1) of the following Article becomes final and binding, the purchaser prescribed in paragraph (2) of that Article). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百八十九条（担保権消滅の許可の決定等） — (Orders of Permission for Extinguishment of Security Interests) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-189 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189 **第一項** 裁判所は、被申立担保権者が第百八十七条第一項の期間内に同項の担保権の実行の申立てをしたことを証する書面又は電磁的記録を提出したことにより不許可の決定をする場合を除き、次の各号に掲げる区分に応じてそれぞれ当該各号に定める者を当該許可に係る売却の相手方とする第百八十六条第一項の許可の決定をしなければならない。 art-189/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 Except when the court issues an order of non-permission by reason that a designated security interest holder has submitted a document or an electronic or magnetic record that certifies their filing of a petition for exercise of security interests within the period referred to in Article 187, paragraph (1), it must issue an order of permission referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1), designating the person specified in each of the following items in accordance with the category stated in the respective items as the counterparty to the sale related to the permission: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 前条第八項に規定する届出がされなかった場合　第百八十六条第三項第三号の売却の相手方 art-189/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-1 when the notification prescribed in paragraph (8) of the preceding Article has not been made:the counterparty to the sale stated in Article 186, paragraph (3), item (iii); or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前条第八項に規定する届出がされた場合　同項に規定する買受希望者 art-189/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-2 when the notification prescribed in paragraph (8) of the preceding Article has been made:the purchase applicant prescribed in that paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項第二号に掲げる場合において、同項の許可の決定が確定したときは、破産管財人と当該許可に係る同号に定める買受希望者（以下この節において「買受人」という。）との間で、第百八十六条第四項の書面又は電磁的記録に記載され、又は記録された内容と同一の内容（売却の相手方を除く。）の売買契約が締結されたものとみなす。この場合においては、買受けの申出の額を売買契約の売得金の額とみなす。 art-189/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-2 In the case stated in item (ii) of the preceding paragraph, when the order of permission stated in that paragraph has become final and binding, it is deemed that a bankruptcy trustee and the purchase applicant specified in that item (referred to below as the "purchaser" in this Section) related to the permission has concluded a sales contract with the same content as that stated or recorded in the document or the electronic or magnetic record referred to in Article 186, paragraph (4) (excluding the counter party to the sale). In this case, the offered purchase price is deemed to be the amount of proceeds under the sales contract. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第百八十六条第一項の申立てについての裁判があった場合には、その裁判が確定するまでの間、買受希望者（第一項第二号に定める買受希望者を除く。）は、当該買受希望者に係る買受けの申出を撤回することができる。 art-189/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-3 When a judicial decision on the petition stated in Article 186, paragraph (1) is made, a purchase applicant (excluding the purchase applicant specified in paragraph (1), item (ii)) may withdraw the purchase offer made by them until the judicial decision becomes final and binding. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第百八十六条第一項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。 art-189/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-4 An immediate appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "An immediate appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition referred to in Article 186, item (1)." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb **第五項** 第百八十六条第一項の申立てについての裁判又は前項の即時抗告についての裁判があった場合には、その電子裁判書を当事者に送達しなければならない。この場合においては、第十条第三項本文の規定は、適用しない。 art-189/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-5 When a judicial decision on the petition referred to in Article 186, paragraph (1) or a judicial decision on the immediate appeal referred to in the preceding paragraph is made, the electronic judgment must be served upon the parties concerned. In this case, the provisions of the main clause of Article 10, paragraph (3) do not apply. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百九十条（金銭の納付等） — (Payments of Money) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-190 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190 **第一項** 前条第一項の許可の決定が確定したときは、当該許可に係る売却の相手方は、次の各号に掲げる区分に応じ、それぞれ当該各号に定める額に相当する金銭を裁判所の定める期限までに裁判所に納付しなければならない。 art-190/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1 When an order of permission referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article has become final and binding, the counterparty to the sale related to the permission must pay to the court the amount of money specified in each of the following items in accordance with the category of the cases stated in the respective items by the due date set by the court: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 前条第一項第一号に掲げる場合　第百八十六条第一項各号に掲げる区分に応じてそれぞれ当該各号に定める額 art-190/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1/item-1 in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (i) of the preceding Article:the amount specified in each item of Article 186, paragraph (1) in accordance with the category stated in the respective items; and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前条第一項第二号に掲げる場合　同条第二項後段に規定する売得金の額から第百八十八条第五項の規定により買受人が提供した保証の額を控除した額 art-190/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1/item-2 in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (ii) of the preceding Article:the amount obtained by deducting the guaranteed amount provided by the purchaser pursuant to the provisions of Article 188, paragraph (5) from the amount of proceeds prescribed in the second sentence of paragraph (2) of that Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項第二号の規定による金銭の納付があったときは、第百八十八条第五項の規定により買受人が提供した保証の額に相当する金銭は、売得金に充てる。 art-190/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-2 When payment of money pursuant to the provisions of item (ii) of the preceding paragraph is made, the amount of money equivalent to the amount of guarantee provided by the purchaser pursuant to the provisions of Article 188, paragraph (5) is allocated to proceeds. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前項の場合には、破産管財人は、同項の保証の額に相当する金銭を直ちに裁判所に納付しなければならない。 art-190/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-3 In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a bankruptcy trustee must immediately pay to the court the amount of money equivalent to the guaranteed amount referred to in that paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 被申立担保権者の有する担保権は、第一項第一号の場合にあっては同号の規定による金銭の納付があった時に、同項第二号の場合にあっては同号の規定による金銭の納付及び前項の規定による金銭の納付があった時に、それぞれ消滅する。 art-190/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-4 In the case referred to in paragraph (1), item (i), the security interest held by a designated security interest holder is extinguished when payment of money pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), item (i) is made, and in the case stated in paragraph (1), item (ii), the security interest held by a designated security interest holder is extinguished when payment of money pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), item (ii) and payment of money pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph are made. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 前項に規定する金銭の納付があったときは、裁判所書記官は、消滅した担保権に係る登記又は登録の抹消を嘱託しなければならない。 art-190/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-5 When payment of money prescribed in the preceding paragraph is made, the court clerk must commission the cancellation of the registrations of the security interests extinguished. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第一項の規定による金銭の納付がなかったときは、裁判所は、前条第一項の許可の決定を取り消さなければならない。 art-190/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-6 If payment of money under the provisions of paragraph (1) is not made, the court must reverse the order of permission referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 前項の場合には、買受人は、第二項の保証の返還を請求することができない。 art-190/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-7 In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the purchaser may not claim return of the guarantee referred to in paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百九十一条（配当等の実施） — (Implementation of Distributions) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-191 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191 **第一項** 裁判所は、前条第四項に規定する金銭の納付があった場合には、次項に規定する場合を除き、当該金銭の被申立担保権者に対する配当に係る電子配当表（第四項において準用する民事執行法第八十五条第三項の規定により作成された電磁的記録であって、第四項において準用する同条第五項の規定によりファイルに記録されたものをいう。）に基づいて、その配当を実施しなければならない。 art-191/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-1 When payment of money prescribed in paragraph (4) of the preceding Article is made, the court must implement the distribution according to the electronic distribution list (meaning an electronic or magnetic record prepared pursuant to the provisions of Article 85, paragraph (3) of the Civil Enforcement Act applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4) that has been recorded in computer files pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of that Article applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4)) for distribution of the money to each designated security interest holder, except in the case prescribed in the following paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 被申立担保権者が一人である場合又は被申立担保権者が二人以上であって前条第四項に規定する金銭で各被申立担保権者の有する担保権によって担保される債権を弁済することができる場合には、裁判所は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、当該金銭の電子交付計算書（裁判所が、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、弁済金及び剰余金を交付するために、当該金銭の額、各被申立担保権者の有する担保権によって担保される債権の元本及び利息その他の附帯の債権の額並びに弁済金の交付の順位及び額を記録して作成する電磁的記録をいう。次項において同じ。）を作成して、被申立担保権者に弁済金を交付し、剰余金を破産管財人に交付する。 art-191/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-2 When there is only one designated security interest holder or when there are two or more designated security interest holders and the money prescribed in paragraph (4) of the preceding Article is sufficient for paying the claims secured by the security interests held by those holders, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, the court prepares an electronic statement of delivery of the money (meaning an electronic or magnetic record prepared by the court clerk pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court recording the amount of the payment money and surplus, the amounts of the principal of the claims, interest, and any other incidental claims of the claims secured by security interest held by each designated security interest holder and the order and amount of delivery of payment money so that the payment money and surplus can be delivered; the same applies in the following paragraph), and delivers the payment money to the designated security interest holders and delivers any surplus to a bankruptcy trustee. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 裁判所は、前項の規定により電子交付計算書を作成した場合には、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、これをファイルに記録しなければならない。 art-191/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-3 If the court has prepared an electronic statement of delivery pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the court must record the electronic statement of delivery in computer files pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 民事執行法第八十五条から第八十六条まで及び第八十八条から第九十二条までの規定は第一項の配当の手続について、同法第八十八条、第九十一条及び第九十二条の規定は第二項の規定による弁済金の交付の手続について準用する。 art-191/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-4 The provisions of Articles 85 through 86 and Articles 88 through 92 of the Civil Enforcement Act apply mutatis mutandis to the procedure for distribution referred to in paragraph (1), and the provisions of Article 88, Article 91, and Article 92 of that Act apply mutatis mutandis to the procedure for delivery of payment money pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第三節　商事留置権の消滅 — Section 3 Extinguishment of Right of Retention Under the Commercial Code heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-7/sec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#ch-7/sec-3 ### 第百九十二条 art-192 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192 **第一項** 破産手続開始の時において破産財団に属する財産につき商法又は会社法の規定による留置権がある場合において、当該財産が第三十六条の規定により継続されている事業に必要なものであるとき、その他当該財産の回復が破産財団の価値の維持又は増加に資するときは、破産管財人は、留置権者に対して、当該留置権の消滅を請求することができる。 art-192/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-1 When any right of retention under the provisions of the Commercial Code or the Companies Act exists against the property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, if the property is necessary for the business continued pursuant to the provisions of Article 36 or the recovery of the property otherwise contributes to maintaining or increasing the value of the bankruptcy estate, a bankruptcy trustee may make a demand to the holder of the right of retention that the right be extinguished. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定による請求をするには、同項の財産の価額に相当する金銭を、同項の留置権者に弁済しなければならない。 art-192/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-2 In order to make a demand under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the amount of money equivalent to the value of the property referred to in that paragraph must be paid to the holder of the right of retention referred to in that paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定による請求及び前項に規定する弁済をするには、裁判所の許可を得なければならない。 art-192/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-3 Permission of the court must be obtained in order to make a demand under the provisions of paragraph (1) and to make a payment prescribed in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 前項の許可があった場合における第二項に規定する弁済の額が第一項の財産の価額を満たすときは、当該弁済の時又は同項の規定による請求の時のいずれか遅い時に、同項の留置権は消滅する。 art-192/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-4 If the permission referred to in the preceding paragraph is granted and the amount of payment prescribed in paragraph (2) is sufficient to cover the value of the property referred to in paragraph (1), the right of retention referred to in that paragraph is extinguished at the time when the payment is made or at the time when a demand under the provisions of paragraph (1) is made, whichever occurs later. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 前項の規定により第一項の留置権が消滅したことを原因とする同項の財産の返還を求める訴訟においては、第二項に規定する弁済の額が当該財産の価額を満たさない場合においても、原告の申立てがあり、当該訴訟の受訴裁判所が相当と認めるときは、当該受訴裁判所は、相当の期間内に不足額を弁済することを条件として、第一項の留置権者に対して、当該財産を返還することを命ずることができる。 art-192/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-5 In an action to request the return of the property stated in paragraph (1) on the grounds that the right of retention referred to in that paragraph is extinguished pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, even if the amount of payment prescribed in paragraph (2) is not sufficient to cover the value of the property, upon the plaintiff's petition and when the court in charge of the action finds it appropriate, the court may order the holder of the right of retention referred to in paragraph (1) to return the property, on the condition that the amount of any shortage is to be paid within a reasonable period of time. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-184/par-1: 第七十八条第二項第一号 → 破産法 第七十八条第二項第一号 (Article 78, paragraph (2), item (i)), art-78/par-2/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-78/par-2/item-1 - art-184/par-1: 第二号 → 破産法 第七十八条第二項第二号 (Article 78, paragraph (2), item (ii)), art-78/par-2/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-78/par-2/item-2 - art-184/par-3: 前二項 → 破産法 第百八十四条第一項 (Article 184, paragraph (1)), art-184/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-1 - art-184/par-3: 前二項 → 破産法 第百八十四条第二項 (Article 184, paragraph (2)), art-184/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-2 - art-184/par-3: 民事執行法第六十三条 → 民事執行法 第六十三条 (Article 63), art-63 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-63 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-63 - art-184/par-3: 第百二十九条 → 民事執行法 第百二十九条 (Article 129), art-129 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-129 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-129 - art-184/par-4: 第二項 → 破産法 第百八十四条第二項 (Article 184, paragraph (2)), art-184/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-184/par-2 - art-185/par-2: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十五条第一項 (Article 185, paragraph (1)), art-185/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-1 - art-185/par-3: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十五条第一項 (Article 185, paragraph (1)), art-185/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-1 - art-185/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十五条第一項 (Article 185, paragraph (1)), art-185/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-1 - art-185/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十五条第三項 (Article 185, paragraph (3)), art-185/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-185/par-3 - art-185/par-4: 第十条第三項 → 破産法 第十条第三項 (Article 10, paragraph (3)), art-10/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-3 - art-186/par-1/item-2: 前号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-186/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-1 - art-186/par-2: 前項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-186/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-1 - art-186/par-2: 同項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-186/par-3: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-186/par-3/item-2: 前号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-186/par-3/item-3: 第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-186/par-3/item-5: 前号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第四号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (iv)), art-186/par-3/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-4 - art-186/par-3/item-6: 第一項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-186/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-1 - art-186/par-3/item-6: 第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-186/par-3/item-7: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第二項 (Article 186, paragraph (2)), art-186/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-2 - art-186/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-186/par-4: 前項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-186/par-5: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-186/par-5: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第四項 (Article 186, paragraph (4)), art-186/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-4 - art-186/par-5: 第三項第四号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第四号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (iv)), art-186/par-3/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-4 - art-186/par-5: 第十条第三項 → 破産法 第十条第三項 (Article 10, paragraph (3)), art-10/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-3 - art-187/par-1: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-187/par-1: 同条第五項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第五項 (Article 186, paragraph (5)), art-186/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-5 - art-187/par-1: 同条第四項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第四項 (Article 186, paragraph (4)), art-186/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-4 - art-187/par-2: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-3: 前条第一項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項第二号 (Article 186, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-186/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1/item-2 - art-187/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-4: 第二項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第二項 (Article 187, paragraph (2)), art-187/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-2 - art-187/par-4: 第百九十条第六項 → 破産法 第百九十条第六項 (Article 190, paragraph (6)), art-190/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-6 - art-187/par-4: 第百八十九条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-187/par-5: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-5: 民事執行法第百八十八条 → 民事執行法 第百八十八条 (Article 188), art-188 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-188 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-188 - art-187/par-5: 同法第六十三条 → 民事執行法 第六十三条 (Article 63), art-63 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-63 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-63 - art-187/par-5: 同法第百九十二条 → 民事執行法 第百九十二条 (Article 192), art-192 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-192 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-192 - art-187/par-5: 同法第百二十九条 → 民事執行法 第百二十九条 (Article 129), art-129 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-129 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-129 - art-187/par-6: 第百八十九条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-187/par-6: 第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-6: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-188/par-1: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-188/par-1: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-188/par-1: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-2/item-1: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-2/item-2: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-2/item-3: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-3: 第百八十六条第三項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第二号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (ii)), art-186/par-3/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-2 - art-188/par-4: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-4: 第二項第三号 → 破産法 第百八十八条第二項第三号 (Article 188, paragraph (2), item (iii)), art-188/par-2/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2/item-3 - art-188/par-4: 同条第三項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第二号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (ii)), art-186/par-3/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-2 - art-188/par-6: 前条第三項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第三項 (Article 187, paragraph (3)), art-187/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-3 - art-188/par-7: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-188/par-8: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-188/par-8: 第百八十六条第三項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第一号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (i)), art-186/par-3/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-1 - art-188/par-9: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第八項 (Article 188, paragraph (8)), art-188/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-8 - art-188/par-9: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-188/par-9: 第二項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第二項 (Article 188, paragraph (2)), art-188/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-2 - art-188/par-10: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-188/par-10: 次条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-188/par-10: 同条第二項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第二項 (Article 189, paragraph (2)), art-189/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-2 - art-189/par-1: 第百八十七条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-187/par-1 - art-189/par-1: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-189/par-1/item-1: 前条第八項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第八項 (Article 188, paragraph (8)), art-188/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-8 - art-189/par-1/item-1: 第百八十六条第三項第三号 → 破産法 第百八十六条第三項第三号 (Article 186, paragraph (3), item (iii)), art-186/par-3/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-3/item-3 - art-189/par-1/item-2: 前条第八項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第八項 (Article 188, paragraph (8)), art-188/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-8 - art-189/par-2: 前項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項第二号 (Article 189, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-189/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-2 - art-189/par-2: 同項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-189/par-2: 第百八十六条第四項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第四項 (Article 186, paragraph (4)), art-186/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-4 - art-189/par-3: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-189/par-3: 第一項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項第二号 (Article 189, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-189/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-2 - art-189/par-4: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-189/par-5: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-189/par-5: 前項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第四項 (Article 189, paragraph (4)), art-189/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-4 - art-189/par-5: 第十条第三項 → 破産法 第十条第三項 (Article 10, paragraph (3)), art-10/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-3 - art-190/par-1: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-190/par-1/item-1: 前条第一項第一号 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項第一号 (Article 189, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-189/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-1 - art-190/par-1/item-1: 第百八十六条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-184#art-186/par-1 - art-190/par-1/item-2: 前条第一項第二号 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項第二号 (Article 189, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-189/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1/item-2 - art-190/par-1/item-2: 同条第二項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第二項 (Article 189, paragraph (2)), art-189/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-2 - art-190/par-1/item-2: 第百八十八条第五項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第五項 (Article 188, paragraph (5)), art-188/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-5 - art-190/par-2: 前項第二号 → 破産法 第百九十条第一項第二号 (Article 190, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-190/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1/item-2 - art-190/par-2: 第百八十八条第五項 → 破産法 第百八十八条第五項 (Article 188, paragraph (5)), art-188/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-188/par-5 - art-190/par-3: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十条第二項 (Article 190, paragraph (2)), art-190/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-2 - art-190/par-4: 第一項第一号 → 破産法 第百九十条第一項第一号 (Article 190, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-190/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1/item-1 - art-190/par-4: 同項第二号 → 破産法 第百九十条第一項第二号 (Article 190, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-190/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1/item-2 - art-190/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十条第三項 (Article 190, paragraph (3)), art-190/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-3 - art-190/par-5: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十条第四項 (Article 190, paragraph (4)), art-190/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-4 - art-190/par-6: 第一項 → 破産法 第百九十条第一項 (Article 190, paragraph (1)), art-190/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-1 - art-190/par-6: 前条第一項 → 破産法 第百八十九条第一項 (Article 189, paragraph (1)), art-189/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-189/par-1 - art-190/par-7: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十条第六項 (Article 190, paragraph (6)), art-190/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-6 - art-190/par-7: 第二項 → 破産法 第百九十条第二項 (Article 190, paragraph (2)), art-190/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-2 - art-191/par-1: 前条第四項 → 破産法 第百九十条第四項 (Article 190, paragraph (4)), art-190/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-4 - art-191/par-1: 次項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第二項 (Article 191, paragraph (2)), art-191/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-2 - art-191/par-1: 第四項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第四項 (Article 191, paragraph (4)), art-191/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-4 - art-191/par-1: 民事執行法第八十五条第三項 → 民事執行法 第八十五条第三項 (Article 85, paragraph (3)), art-85/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-85/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-85/par-3 - art-191/par-1: 同条第五項 → 民事執行法 第八十五条第五項 (Article 85, paragraph (5)), art-85/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-85/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-85/par-5 - art-191/par-2: 前条第四項 → 破産法 第百九十条第四項 (Article 190, paragraph (4)), art-190/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-190/par-4 - art-191/par-2: 次項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第三項 (Article 191, paragraph (3)), art-191/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-3 - art-191/par-3: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第二項 (Article 191, paragraph (2)), art-191/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-2 - art-191/par-4: 民事執行法第八十五条から第八十六条まで → 民事執行法 第八十五条 (Article 85), art-85 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-85 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-85 - art-191/par-4: 民事執行法第八十五条から第八十六条まで → 民事執行法 第八十六条 (Article 86), art-86 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-86 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-86 - art-191/par-4: 第八十八条から第九十二条まで → 民事執行法 第八十八条 (Article 88), art-88 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-88 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-88 - art-191/par-4: 第八十八条から第九十二条まで → 民事執行法 第八十九条 (Article 89), art-89 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-89 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-89 - art-191/par-4: 第八十八条から第九十二条まで → 民事執行法 第九十条 (Article 90), art-90 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-90 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-90 - art-191/par-4: 第八十八条から第九十二条まで → 民事執行法 第九十一条 (Article 91), art-91 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-91 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-91 - art-191/par-4: 第八十八条から第九十二条まで → 民事執行法 第九十二条 (Article 92), art-92 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-92 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-92 - art-191/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第一項 (Article 191, paragraph (1)), art-191/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-1 - art-191/par-4: 第二項 → 破産法 第百九十一条第二項 (Article 191, paragraph (2)), art-191/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-191/par-2 - art-192/par-1: 第三十六条 → 破産法 第三十六条 (Article 36), art-36 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-32#art-36 - art-192/par-2: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第一項 (Article 192, paragraph (1)), art-192/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-1 - art-192/par-3: 第一項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第一項 (Article 192, paragraph (1)), art-192/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-1 - art-192/par-3: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第二項 (Article 192, paragraph (2)), art-192/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-2 - art-192/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第三項 (Article 192, paragraph (3)), art-192/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-3 - art-192/par-4: 第二項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第二項 (Article 192, paragraph (2)), art-192/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-2 - art-192/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第一項 (Article 192, paragraph (1)), art-192/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-1 - art-192/par-5: 前項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第四項 (Article 192, paragraph (4)), art-192/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-4 - art-192/par-5: 第一項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第一項 (Article 192, paragraph (1)), art-192/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-1 - art-192/par-5: 第二項 → 破産法 第百九十二条第二項 (Article 192, paragraph (2)), art-192/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-7/from-art-188#art-192/par-2 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-19 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 破産法 — the text as 令和五年法律第五十三号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/416AC0000000075/20280613_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act (破産法), Article 186, paragraph (3), item (vi) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act (破産法), Article 188, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act (破産法), Article 189, paragraph (4) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 破産法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19