# 学校教育法 / School Education Act — 第九十二条 (Article 92) - Law: 学校教育法 (School Education Act), 昭和二十二年法律第二十六号 - English title "School Education Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第九十二条 (Article 92) — address `art-92` - Text in force since: 2026-06-17 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第九十二条 art-92 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92 **第一項** 大学には学長、教授、准教授、助教、助手及び事務職員を置かなければならない。ただし、教育研究上の組織編制として適切と認められる場合には、准教授、助教又は助手を置かないことができる。 art-92/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-1 Universities must have a principal, professors, associate professors, assistant professors, assistants, and administrative staff; provided, however, that if it is found to be appropriate as an education and research organization, it may choose not to have associate professors, assistant professors, or assistants. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 大学には、前項のほか、副学長、学部長、講師、技術職員その他必要な職員を置くことができる。 art-92/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-2 In addition to those referred to in the preceding paragraph, universities may also have a vice principal, dean, lecturers, technical staff, and other necessary staff. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 学長は、校務をつかさどり、所属職員を統督する。 art-92/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-3 The principal takes charge of school duties, and supervises staff members belonging to the university. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 副学長は、学長を助け、命を受けて校務をつかさどる。 art-92/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-4 The vice principal is to aid the principal, and take charge of school duties under its orders. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 学部長は、学部に関する校務をつかさどる。 art-92/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-5 The dean is to takes charge of school duties in the faculty. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 教授は、専攻分野について、教育上、研究上又は実務上の特に優れた知識、能力及び実績を有する者であつて、学生を教授し、その研究を指導し、又は研究に従事する。 art-92/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-6 Professors are persons who possess exceptional knowledge, abilities and accomplishments in education, research, or practice in their major field of study, and they are to teach students, give research guidance, or engage in research. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 准教授は、専攻分野について、教育上、研究上又は実務上の優れた知識、能力及び実績を有する者であつて、学生を教授し、その研究を指導し、又は研究に従事する。 art-92/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-7 Associate professors are persons who have excellent knowledge, abilities and accomplishments in education, research, or practice in their major field of study, and they are to teach students, give research guidance, or engage in research. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 助教は、専攻分野について、教育上、研究上又は実務上の知識及び能力を有する者であつて、学生を教授し、その研究を指導し、又は研究に従事する。 art-92/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-8 Assistant professors are persons who have knowledge and abilities in education, research, or practice in their major field of study, and they are to teach students, give research guidance, or engage in research. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 助手は、その所属する組織における教育研究の円滑な実施に必要な業務に従事する。 art-92/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-9 Assistants are to engage in operations necessary for the smooth implementation of education and research in the organization they belong to. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十項** 講師は、教授又は准教授に準ずる職務に従事する。 art-92/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-10 Lecturers will engage in duties equivalent to those of professors or associate professors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-92/par-2: 前項 → 学校教育法 第九十二条第一項 (Article 92, paragraph (1)), art-92/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-1 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 学校教育法 第九十二条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-92/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-92/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 学校教育法 — the text in force from 2026-06-17 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/322AC0000000026/20260617_508AC0000000037), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — School Education Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4743/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 210 — 学校教育法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19