# 学校教育法 / School Education Act — 第百四十四条 (Article 144) - Law: 学校教育法 (School Education Act), 昭和二十二年法律第二十六号 - English title "School Education Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第百四十四条 (Article 144) — address `art-144` - Text in force since: 2026-06-17 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第百四十四条 art-144 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144 **第一項** 第十七条第一項又は第二項の義務の履行の督促を受け、なお履行しない者は、十万円以下の罰金に処する。 art-144/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144/par-1 A person who has received a demand for performance of obligations referred to in Article 17, paragraph (1) or (2), and who fails to fulfill them, is to be punished by a fine of not more than 100,000 yen. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 法人の代表者、代理人、使用人その他の従業者が、その法人の業務に関し、前項の違反行為をしたときは、行為者を罰するほか、その法人に対しても、同項の刑を科する。 art-144/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144/par-2 When a representative, an agent, an employee or any other worker of a corporation commits a violation referred to in the preceding paragraph with regard to the business of the corporation, not only the individual offender, but also the corporation is subject to the punishment referred to in that paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-144/par-1: 第十七条第一項 → 学校教育法 第十七条第一項 (Article 17, paragraph (1)), art-17/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-17/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-17/par-1 - art-144/par-1: 第二項 → 学校教育法 第十七条第二項 (Article 17, paragraph (2)), art-17/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-17/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-17/par-2 - art-144/par-2: 前項 → 学校教育法 第百四十四条第一項 (Article 144, paragraph (1)), art-144/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144/par-1 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 学校教育法 第百四十四条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/school-education-act/art-144/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000026/art-144/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 学校教育法 — the text in force from 2026-06-17 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/322AC0000000026/20260617_508AC0000000037), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — School Education Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4743/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 210 — 学校教育法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19