# 労働基準法 / Labor Standards Act — 第一章 (Chapter 1)

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- Law: 労働基準法 (Labor Standards Act), 昭和二十二年法律第四十九号
- English title "Labor Standards Act": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第一章 (Chapter 1) — address `ch-1`
- Text: the text as amended with effect from 2027-04-01, standing until 2028-12-22 as now scheduled, since the next amendment's day is not fixed — NOT yet in force (revision 20270401_508AC0000000060)
- URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1
- The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/ch-1
- Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.
The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording
the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet
in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is
machine translation.

---

## 第一章　総則 — Chapter I General Provisions
<sup>heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>ch-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1</sup>

### 第一条（労働条件の原則） — (Principles for Working Conditions)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-1</sup>

**第一項**  労働条件は、労働者が人たるに値する生活を営むための必要を充たすべきものでなければならない。
<sup>art-1/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-1/par-1</sup>
Working conditions must be conditions that meet the needs of workers to live a life worthy of a human being.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第二項**  この法律で定める労働条件の基準は最低のものであるから、労働関係の当事者は、この基準を理由として労働条件を低下させてはならないことはもとより、その向上を図るように努めなければならない。
<sup>art-1/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-1/par-2</sup>
The standards for working conditions prescribed in this Act serve as minimum standards; a party to a labor relationship must not cause working conditions to deteriorate using these standards as the grounds for doing so, but instead must endeavor to improve them.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第二条（労働条件の決定） — (Deciding Working Conditions)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-2</sup>

**第一項**  労働条件は、労働者と使用者が、対等の立場において決定すべきものである。
<sup>art-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-2/par-1</sup>
The worker and the employer are to decide working conditions on an equal footing.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第二項**  労働者及び使用者は、労働協約、就業規則及び労働契約を遵守し、誠実に各々その義務を履行しなければならない。
<sup>art-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-2/par-2</sup>
Workers and employers must comply with collective agreements, rules of employment, and labor contracts, and each worker or employer must sincerely perform their duties.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第三条（均等待遇） — (Equal Treatment)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-3</sup>

**第一項**  使用者は、労働者の国籍、信条又は社会的身分を理由として、賃金、労働時間その他の労働条件について、差別的取扱をしてはならない。
<sup>art-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-3/par-1</sup>
An employer must not use a worker's nationality, creed, or social status as a basis for discriminatory treatment regarding wages, working hours, or other working conditions.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第四条（男女同一賃金の原則） — (Principle of Equal Wages for Men and Women)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-4</sup>

**第一項**  使用者は、労働者が女性であることを理由として、賃金について、男性と差別的取扱いをしてはならない。
<sup>art-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-4/par-1</sup>
An employer must not use the fact that a worker is female as a basis for discriminatory treatment in comparison to men regarding wages.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第五条（強制労働の禁止） — (Prohibition of Forced Labor)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-5</sup>

**第一項**  使用者は、暴行、脅迫、監禁その他精神又は身体の自由を不当に拘束する手段によつて、労働者の意思に反して労働を強制してはならない。
<sup>art-5/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-5/par-1</sup>
An employer must not force a worker to work against their will through the use of physical violence, intimidation, confinement, or any other means that unjustly restricts that worker's mental or physical freedom.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第六条（中間搾取の排除） — (Elimination of Exploitation by Intermediaries)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-6</sup>

**第一項**  何人も、法律に基いて許される場合の外、業として他人の就業に介入して利益を得てはならない。
<sup>art-6/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-6/par-1</sup>
It is prohibited for any person to profit from intervening in the employment of others in the course of trade, beyond what is permitted by law.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第七条（公民権行使の保障） — (Guarantee of the Exercise of Civil Rights)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-7</sup>

**第一項**  使用者は、労働者が労働時間中に、選挙権その他公民としての権利を行使し、又は公の職務を執行するために必要な時間を請求した場合においては、拒んではならない。但し、権利の行使又は公の職務の執行に妨げがない限り、請求された時刻を変更することができる。
<sup>art-7/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-7/par-1</sup>
An employer must not refuse a worker's request for time needed to exercise the right to vote or any other civil right, or to perform a public duty during working hours; provided, however, that the employer may alter the time requested by the worker as long as the alteration does not hinder the exercise of that right, or the performance of that public duty.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第八条  〔削除 / repealed〕
<sup>art-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-8</sup>

**第一項**  削除
<sup>art-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-8/par-1</sup>
Deleted
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第九条（定義） — (Definitions)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-9</sup>

**第一項**  この法律で「労働者」とは、職業の種類を問わず、事業又は事務所（以下「事業」という。）に使用される者で、賃金を支払われる者をいう。
<sup>art-9/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-9/par-1</sup>
The term "worker" as used in this Act means a person who is employed at a business or office (referred to below as a "business") and to whom wages are paid, regardless of the type of occupation.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第十条
<sup>art-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-10</sup>

**第一項**  この法律で使用者とは、事業主又は事業の経営担当者その他その事業の労働者に関する事項について、事業主のために行為をするすべての者をいう。
<sup>art-10/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-10/par-1</sup>
The term employer as used in this Act means a person in control of the business, a person responsible for managing the business, or any other person acting on behalf of the person in control of the business in particulars relating to the workers of the business.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第十一条
<sup>art-11 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-11</sup>

**第一項**  この法律で賃金とは、賃金、給料、手当、賞与その他名称の如何を問わず、労働の対償として使用者が労働者に支払うすべてのものをいう。
<sup>art-11/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-11/par-1</sup>
The term wage as used in this Act means wages, salary, allowances, bonuses, and anything else that an employer pays to a worker as remuneration for labor, regardless of what it is called.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

### 第十二条
<sup>art-12 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12</sup>

**第一項**  この法律で平均賃金とは、これを算定すべき事由の発生した日以前三箇月間にその労働者に対し支払われた賃金の総額を、その期間の総日数で除した金額をいう。ただし、その金額は、次の各号の一によつて計算した金額を下つてはならない。
<sup>art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1</sup>
The term average wage as used in this Act means the amount of money calculated as the total amount of wages over the 3-month period preceding the day on which grounds for the calculation of the average wage came into existence divided by the total number of days during that period; provided, however, that the average wage must not fall below the amount calculated in accordance with any of the following items:
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **一**  賃金が、労働した日若しくは時間によつて算定され、又は出来高払制その他の請負制によつて定められた場合においては、賃金の総額をその期間中に労働した日数で除した金額の百分の六十
  <sup>art-12/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1/item-1</sup>
  60 percent of the amount of wages calculated as the total amount of wages divided by the number of days worked during the relevant period, if wages are calculated on the basis of days or hours worked, or are determined in accordance with a piece rate or another such system under a service contract;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **二**  賃金の一部が、月、週その他一定の期間によつて定められた場合においては、その部分の総額をその期間の総日数で除した金額と前号の金額の合算額
  <sup>art-12/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1/item-2</sup>
  the aggregate of the amount of money calculated as the total amount of wages determined on the basis of months, weeks, or any other fixed period divided by the total number of days in that period, and the amount of money referred to in the preceding item, if a part of the wage is determined on the basis of months, weeks, or any other fixed period.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第二項**  前項の期間は、賃金締切日がある場合においては、直前の賃金締切日から起算する。
<sup>art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-2</sup>
If there is a pay period end date, the period referred to in the preceding paragraph commences on the most recent pay period end date.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第三項**  前二項に規定する期間中に、次の各号のいずれかに該当する期間がある場合においては、その日数及びその期間中の賃金は、前二項の期間及び賃金の総額から控除する。
<sup>art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3</sup>
If a period falling under one of the following items is a part of the period provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, the number of days constituting that period is deducted from the period referred to in the preceding two paragraphs and wages from during that period are deducted from the total amount of wages referred to in the preceding two paragraphs:
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **一**  業務上負傷し、又は疾病にかかり療養のために休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3/item-1</sup>
  a period during which a worker was absent from work for medical treatment caused by an injury sustained or an illness contracted at work;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **二**  産前産後の女性が第六十五条の規定によつて休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3/item-2</sup>
  a period during which a female worker was absent from work before or after childbirth in accordance with the provisions of Article 65;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **三**  使用者の責めに帰すべき事由によつて休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3/item-3</sup>
  a period during which a worker was absent from work for reasons attributable to the employer;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **四**  育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律（平成三年法律第七十六号）第二条第一号に規定する育児休業又は同条第二号に規定する介護休業（同法第六十一条第三項に規定する行政執行法人介護休業及び同法第六十一条の二第三項に規定する介護をするための休業を含む。第三十九条第十項において同じ。）をした期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3/item-4</sup>
  a period of childcare leave as prescribed in Article 2, item (i) or of caregiver leave as prescribed in item (ii) of that Article of the Act on Childcare Leave, Caregiver Leave, and Other Measures for the Welfare of Workers Caring for Children or Other Family Members (Act No. 76 of 1991) (including administrative execution agency caregiver leave as prescribed in Article 61, paragraph (3) of that Act and leave for providing care as prescribed in Article 61-2, paragraph (3) of that Act; the same applies in Article 39, paragraph (10));
  <sup>machine translation, not official</sup>

  **五**  試みの使用期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3/item-5</sup>
  a probationary period.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第四項**  第一項の賃金の総額には、臨時に支払われた賃金及び三箇月を超える期間ごとに支払われる賃金並びに通貨以外のもので支払われた賃金で一定の範囲に属しないものは算入しない。
<sup>art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-4</sup>
Wages that have been paid on an ad hoc basis, wages that are paid after every period of more than 3 months, and wages paid in a form other than currency and not falling within a certain range are not included in the calculation of the total amount of wages referred to in paragraph (1).
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第五項**  賃金が通貨以外のもので支払われる場合、第一項の賃金の総額に算入すべきものの範囲及び評価に関し必要な事項は、厚生労働省令で定める。
<sup>art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-5</sup>
If wages are paid in a form other than currency, Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare prescribes the necessary particulars in connection with the range of the wages that are to be included in the calculation of the total amount of wages referred to in paragraph (1) and the assessment of their value.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第六項**  雇入後三箇月に満たない者については、第一項の期間は、雇入後の期間とする。
<sup>art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-6</sup>
For a worker who has been hired for less than 3 months, the period referred to in paragraph (1) means the period after that worker's hiring.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第七項**  日日雇い入れられる者については、その従事する事業又は職業について、厚生労働大臣の定める金額を平均賃金とする。
<sup>art-12/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-7</sup>
The average wage for a person hired on a day-to-day basis is prescribed by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare according to the kind of business or occupation in which that person is engaged.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第八項**  第一項乃至第六項によつて算定し得ない場合の平均賃金は、厚生労働大臣の定めるところによる。
<sup>art-12/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-8</sup>
If an average wage cannot be calculated in accordance with paragraphs (1) through (6), the average wage is as prescribed by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

---

## Cites
- art-12/par-1/item-2: 前号 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項第一号 (Article 12, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-12/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1/item-1
- art-12/par-2: 前項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-3: 前二項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-3: 前二項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-2
- art-12/par-3/item-2: 第六十五条 → 労働基準法 第六十五条 (Article 65), art-65 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-6-2#art-65
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律（平成三年法律第七十六号）第二条第一号 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第二条第一項第一号 (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-2/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-2/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-2/par-1/item-1
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同条第二号 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第二条第一項第二号 (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-2/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-2/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-2/par-1/item-2
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同法第六十一条第三項 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第六十一条第三項 (Article 61, paragraph (3)), art-61/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-61/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-61/par-3
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同法第六十一条の二第三項 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第六十一条の二第三項 (Article 61-2, paragraph (3)), art-61-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-61-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-61-2/par-3
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 第三十九条第十項 → 労働基準法 第三十九条第十項 (Article 39, paragraph (10)), art-39/par-10 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-4/from-art-39#art-39/par-10
- art-12/par-4: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-5: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-6: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-2
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-3
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第四項 (Article 12, paragraph (4)), art-12/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-4
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第五項 (Article 12, paragraph (5)), art-12/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-5
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第六項 (Article 12, paragraph (6)), art-12/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/labor-standards-act/amendments/20270401_508AC0000000060/text/ch-1#art-12/par-6

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 労働基準法 — the text as 令和八年法律第六十号 leaves it, from 2027-04-01 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/322AC0000000049/20270401_508AC0000000060), retrieved 2026-09-27
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Labor Standards Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4913/tb), retrieved 2026-09-27
- claude-opus-5[1m] — Machine translation, batch labor-standards-act-001, translated 2026-09-11
- This site's parser, version 213 — 労働基準法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-09-27
