# 出入国管理及び難民認定法 / Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act — 第四十六条 (Article 46) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-46. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 出入国管理及び難民認定法 (Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act), 昭和二十六年政令第三百十九号 - English title "Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Issued as a Cabinet Order and given the force of an Act, which is why its number says 政令: Some rules made during the Allied occupation were issued as Cabinet Orders, as orders implementing Japan's acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, and an Act passed in 1952 gave them the force of an Act. They keep the Cabinet Order number they were issued under, which is why e-Gov lists the law as an Act while its number says 政令 (Cabinet Order). The Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (出入国管理及び難民認定法) is one: it was promulgated in 1951 as the Immigration Control Order (出入国管理令), Cabinet Order No. 319 of 1951, has had the force of an Act under Article 4 of Act No. 126 of 1952, took its present title on 1 January 1982, and every amendment on e-Gov's record of it was made by an Act. - Provision: 第四十六条 (Article 46)（容疑者の立証責任） — address `art-46` - Text in force since: 2026-10-01 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-46 - e-Gov law ID: 326CO0000000319 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第四十六条（容疑者の立証責任） — (Burden of Proof on the Suspect) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-46 · https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-46 **第一項** 前条の審査を受ける容疑者のうち第二十四条第一号（第三条第一項第二号に係る部分を除く。）又は第二号に該当するとされたものは、その号に該当するものでないことを自ら立証しなければならない。 art-46/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-46/par-1 A suspect subject to the examination set forth in the preceding Article who is considered to fall under Article 24, item (i) (except for the part pertaining to Article 3, paragraph (1), item (ii)), or Article 24, item (ii), must themselves give proof to establish that they do not fall under these items. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-46/par-1: 前条 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第四十五条 (Article 45), art-45 — https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-45 - art-46/par-1: 第二十四条第一号 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第二十四条第一項第一号 (Article 24, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-24/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-24/par-1/item-1 - art-46/par-1: 第三条第一項第二号 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第三条第一項第二号 (Article 3, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-3/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-3/par-1/item-2 - art-46/par-1: 第二号 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第二十四条第一項第二号 (Article 24, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-24/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/immigration-control-act/art-24/par-1/item-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 出入国管理及び難民認定法 — the text in force from 2026-10-01 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/326CO0000000319/20261001_508AC0000000032), retrieved 2026-10-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3624/tb), retrieved 2026-09-13 - This site's parser, version 225 — 出入国管理及び難民認定法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-05