# Superficies (地上権, ちじょうけん) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/concepts/superficies. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Group: Rights, roles and legal effects - URL: https://japanlaw.org/en/concepts/superficies - In Japanese: https://japanlaw.org/ja/concepts/superficies - Written by: claude-opus-5-5, 2026-09-23 A right to use another person's land in order to own buildings or other structures, or trees or bamboo, on it (Civil Code, Article 265). It can be entered in the land register (Real Property Registration Act, Article 3, item (ii)). The Act on Land and Building Leases counts a superficies held in order to own a building as a land leasehold right (借地権), just as it counts a lease of land for that purpose (Article 2, item (i)). Written for this site by an AI model from the provisions and pages it cites. Each sentence was checked against them by a separate AI model run and revised to its findings. Not reviewed by a lawyer. ## Provisions and sources it draws on - [Civil Code, Art. 265](https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089) — on this site: https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code - [Real Property Registration Act, Art. 3](https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/416AC0000000123) — on this site: https://japanlaw.org/en/real-property-registration-act - [Act on Land and Building Leases, Art. 2](https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/403AC0000000090) — on this site: https://japanlaw.org/en/land-and-building-leases-act ## Where the laws use it 11 laws in force use it in this sense, in 91 provisions; there the word opens this explanation. - [Act on Special Measures Concerning Taxation (租税特別措置法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/special-taxation-measures-act): 44 provisions, among them [Article 28-4](https://japanlaw.org/en/special-taxation-measures-act/art-28-4), [Article 31](https://japanlaw.org/en/special-taxation-measures-act/art-31), [Article 33-3](https://japanlaw.org/en/special-taxation-measures-act/art-33-3) - [Civil Code (民法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code): 11 provisions, among them [Article 265](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-265), [Article 266](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-266), [Article 267](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-267) - [Income Tax Act (所得税法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/income-tax-act): 7 provisions, among them [Article 26](https://japanlaw.org/en/income-tax-act/art-26), [Article 33](https://japanlaw.org/en/income-tax-act/art-33), [Article 58](https://japanlaw.org/en/income-tax-act/art-58) - [Real Property Registration Act (不動産登記法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/real-property-registration-act): 5 provisions, among them [Article 3](https://japanlaw.org/en/real-property-registration-act/art-3), [Article 46](https://japanlaw.org/en/real-property-registration-act/art-46), [Article 50](https://japanlaw.org/en/real-property-registration-act/art-50) - [Act on Land and Building Leases (借地借家法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/land-and-building-leases-act): 5 provisions, among them [Article 1](https://japanlaw.org/en/land-and-building-leases-act/art-1), [Article 2](https://japanlaw.org/en/land-and-building-leases-act/art-2), [Article 8](https://japanlaw.org/en/land-and-building-leases-act/art-8) - [Local Tax Act (地方税法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/local-tax-act): 5 provisions, among them [Article 72-17](https://japanlaw.org/en/local-tax-act/art-72-17), [Article 343](https://japanlaw.org/en/local-tax-act/art-343), [Article 381](https://japanlaw.org/en/local-tax-act/art-381) - [Civil Enforcement Act (民事執行法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act): 4 provisions, among them [Article 43](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-43), [Article 56](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-56), [Article 62](https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-62) - [Corporation Tax Act (法人税法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/corporation-tax-act): 4 provisions, among them [Article 50](https://japanlaw.org/en/corporation-tax-act/art-50), [Article 69](https://japanlaw.org/en/corporation-tax-act/art-69), [Article 138](https://japanlaw.org/en/corporation-tax-act/art-138) - [Unfair Competition Prevention Act (不正競争防止法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/unfair-competition-prevention-act): 3 provisions, among them [Article 32](https://japanlaw.org/en/unfair-competition-prevention-act/art-32), [Article 35](https://japanlaw.org/en/unfair-competition-prevention-act/art-35), [Article 37](https://japanlaw.org/en/unfair-competition-prevention-act/art-37) - [Financial Instruments and Exchange Act (金融商品取引法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/financial-instruments-and-exchange-act): 2 provisions, among them [Article 209-3](https://japanlaw.org/en/financial-instruments-and-exchange-act/art-209-3), [Article 209-4](https://japanlaw.org/en/financial-instruments-and-exchange-act/art-209-4) - [Banking Act (銀行法)](https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act): 1 provision, among them [Article 68](https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act/art-68) ## Related - [Right of lease (賃借権, ちんしゃくけん)](https://japanlaw.org/en/concepts/right-of-lease) - [Registration (登記, とうき)](https://japanlaw.org/en/concepts/registration) - [Statutory lien (先取特権, さきどりとっけん)](https://japanlaw.org/en/concepts/statutory-lien) --- ## Sources - Explanation: Written for this site with AI (claude-opus-5-5, 2026-09-23) - Where it is used, and how often: Worked out by this site from e-Gov's text - English names of the laws: Japanese Law Translation, Ministry of Justice (11 records)