# 会社法 / Companies Act — 第三百三十一条 (Article 331) - Law: 会社法 (Companies Act), 平成十七年法律第八十六号 - English title "Companies Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三百三十一条 (Article 331)（取締役の資格等） — address `art-331` - Text in force since: 2026-08-12 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第三百三十一条（取締役の資格等） — (Qualifications of Directors) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-331 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331 **第一項** 次に掲げる者は、取締役となることができない。 art-331/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1 The following persons may not act as directors: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 法人 art-331/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-1 a corporation; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 削除 art-331/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-2 deleted; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** この法律若しくは一般社団法人及び一般財団法人に関する法律（平成十八年法律第四十八号）の規定に違反し、又は金融商品取引法第百九十七条第一項第一号から第四号の二まで、第五号若しくは第六号若しくは第二項、第百九十七条の二第一項第一号から第十号の三まで若しくは第十三号から第十五号まで、第百九十八条第一項第八号、第百九十九条、第二百条第一号から第十二号の二まで、第二十号若しくは第二十一号、第二百三条第三項若しくは第二百五条第一号から第六号まで、第十九号若しくは第二十号の罪、民事再生法（平成十一年法律第二百二十五号）第二百五十五条、第二百五十六条、第二百五十八条から第二百六十条まで若しくは第二百六十二条の罪、外国倒産処理手続の承認援助に関する法律（平成十二年法律第百二十九号）第六十五条、第六十六条、第六十八条若しくは第六十九条の罪、会社更生法（平成十四年法律第百五十四号）第二百六十六条、第二百六十七条、第二百六十九条から第二百七十一条まで若しくは第二百七十三条の罪若しくは破産法（平成十六年法律第七十五号）第二百六十五条、第二百六十六条、第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで若しくは第二百七十四条の罪を犯し、刑に処せられ、その執行を終わり、又はその執行を受けることがなくなった日から二年を経過しない者 art-331/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-3 a person who has been sentenced to a penalty for having violated the provisions of this Act or the Act on General Incorporated Association and General Incorporated Foundation (Act No. 48 of 2006), or for having committed: a crime under Article 197, paragraph (1), items (i) through (iv)-2, (v) or (vi) or paragraph (2), Article 197-2, paragraph (1), items (i) through (x)-3 or (xiii) through (xv), Article 198, paragraph (1), item (viii), Article 199, Article 200, items (i) through (xii)-2, (xx) or (xxi), Article 203, paragraph (3) or Article 205, items (i) through (vi), (xix) or (xx) of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act; a crime under Articles 255, 256, 258 through 260 or 262 of the Civil Rehabilitation Act (Act No. 225 of 1999); a crime under Articles 65, 66, 68 or 69 of the Act on Recognition and Assistance for Foreign Insolvency Procedures (Act No. 129 of 2000); a crime under Articles 266, 267, 269 through Article 271 or 273 of the Corporate Reorganization Act (Act No. 154 of 2002); or a crime under Articles 265, 266, 268 through 272 or 274 of the Bankruptcy Act (Act No. 75 of 2004), for whom two years have not elapsed since the day on which the execution of the sentence was completed or the sentence no longer applied; machine translation, not official **四** 前号に規定する法律の規定以外の法令の規定に違反し、拘禁刑以上の刑に処せられ、その執行を終わるまで又はその執行を受けることがなくなるまでの者（刑の執行猶予中の者を除く。） art-331/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-4 a person who violated the provisions of laws and regulations other than those provided for in the preceding item, was sentenced to imprisonment or severer penalty and who has not completed the execution of the sentence or to whom the sentence still applies (excluding persons for whom the execution of the sentence is suspended). machine translation, not official **第二項** 株式会社は、取締役が株主でなければならない旨を定款で定めることができない。ただし、公開会社でない株式会社においては、この限りでない。 art-331/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-2 A stock company may not provide in the articles of incorporation that directors must be shareholders; provided, however, that this does not apply to a stock company that is not a public company. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 監査等委員である取締役は、監査等委員会設置会社若しくはその子会社の業務執行取締役若しくは支配人その他の使用人又は当該子会社の会計参与（会計参与が法人であるときは、その職務を行うべき社員）若しくは執行役を兼ねることができない。 art-331/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-3 A director who is an audit and supervisory committee member may not concurrently act as an executive director, manager, or other employees of a company with audit and supervisory committee or its subsidiary company, or accounting advisor (if the accounting advisor is a corporation, the member who is in charge of its affairs) or an executive officer of the subsidiary company. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 指名委員会等設置会社の取締役は、当該指名委員会等設置会社の支配人その他の使用人を兼ねることができない。 art-331/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-4 A director of a company with nominating committee, etc. may not concurrently act as a manager or other employee of the company with nominating committee, etc. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 取締役会設置会社においては、取締役は、三人以上でなければならない。 art-331/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-5 A company with board of directors must have three or more directors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 監査等委員会設置会社においては、監査等委員である取締役は、三人以上で、その過半数は、社外取締役でなければならない。 art-331/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-6 A company with audit and supervisory committee must have three or more of directors who are audit and supervisory committee members and the majority of them must be outside directors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-331/par-1/item-3: 金融商品取引法第百九十七条第一項第一号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条第一項第一号 (Article 197, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-197/par-1/item-1 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第四号の二 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条第一項第四号の二 (Article 197, paragraph (1), item (iv-2)), art-197/par-1/item-4-2 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第五号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条第一項第五号 (Article 197, paragraph (1), item (v)), art-197/par-1/item-5 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第六号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条第一項第六号 (Article 197, paragraph (1), item (vi)), art-197/par-1/item-6 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二項 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条第二項 (Article 197, paragraph (2)), art-197/par-2 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第百九十七条の二第一項第一号から第十号の三まで → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条の二第一項第一号 (Article 197-2, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-197-2/par-1/item-1 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第十三号から第十五号まで → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十七条の二第一項第十三号 (Article 197-2, paragraph (1), item (xiii)), art-197-2/par-1/item-13 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第百九十八条第一項第八号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十八条第一項第八号 (Article 198, paragraph (1), item (viii)), art-198/par-1/item-8 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第百九十九条 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第百九十九条 (Article 199), art-199 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百条第一号から第十二号の二まで → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百条第一項第一号 (Article 200, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-200/par-1/item-1 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二十号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百条第一項第二十号 (Article 200, paragraph (1), item (xx)), art-200/par-1/item-20 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二十一号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百条第一項第二十一号 (Article 200, paragraph (1), item (xxi)), art-200/par-1/item-21 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百三条第三項 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百三条第三項 (Article 203, paragraph (3)), art-203/par-3 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百五条第一号から第六号まで → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百五条第一項第一号 (Article 205, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-205/par-1/item-1 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第十九号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百五条第一項第十九号 (Article 205, paragraph (1), item (xix)), art-205/par-1/item-19 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二十号 → e-Gov law 323AC0000000025, 第二百五条第一項第二十号 (Article 205, paragraph (1), item (xx)), art-205/par-1/item-20 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 民事再生法（平成十一年法律第二百二十五号）第二百五十五条 → e-Gov law 411AC0000000225, 第二百五十五条 (Article 255), art-255 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百五十六条 → e-Gov law 411AC0000000225, 第二百五十六条 (Article 256), art-256 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百五十八条から第二百六十条まで → e-Gov law 411AC0000000225, 第二百五十八条 (Article 258), art-258 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十二条 → e-Gov law 411AC0000000225, 第二百六十二条 (Article 262), art-262 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 外国倒産処理手続の承認援助に関する法律（平成十二年法律第百二十九号）第六十五条 → e-Gov law 412AC0000000129, 第六十五条 (Article 65), art-65 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第六十六条 → e-Gov law 412AC0000000129, 第六十六条 (Article 66), art-66 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第六十八条 → e-Gov law 412AC0000000129, 第六十八条 (Article 68), art-68 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第六十九条 → e-Gov law 412AC0000000129, 第六十九条 (Article 69), art-69 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 会社更生法（平成十四年法律第百五十四号）第二百六十六条 → e-Gov law 414AC0000000154, 第二百六十六条 (Article 266), art-266 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十七条 → e-Gov law 414AC0000000154, 第二百六十七条 (Article 267), art-267 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十九条から第二百七十一条まで → e-Gov law 414AC0000000154, 第二百六十九条 (Article 269), art-269 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百七十三条 → e-Gov law 414AC0000000154, 第二百七十三条 (Article 273), art-273 — not held in this collection - art-331/par-1/item-3: 破産法（平成十六年法律第七十五号）第二百六十五条 → 破産法 第二百六十五条 (Article 265), art-265 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-265 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-265 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十六条 → 破産法 第二百六十六条 (Article 266), art-266 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-266 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-266 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで → 破産法 第二百六十八条 (Article 268), art-268 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-268 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-268 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで → 破産法 第二百六十九条 (Article 269), art-269 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-269 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-269 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで → 破産法 第二百七十条 (Article 270), art-270 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-270 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-270 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで → 破産法 第二百七十一条 (Article 271), art-271 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-271 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-271 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百六十八条から第二百七十二条まで → 破産法 第二百七十二条 (Article 272), art-272 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-272 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-272 - art-331/par-1/item-3: 第二百七十四条 → 破産法 第二百七十四条 (Article 274), art-274 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-274 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-274 - art-331/par-1/item-4: 前号 → 会社法 第三百三十一条第一項第三号 (Article 331, paragraph (1), item (iii)), art-331/par-1/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-3 ## Cited by 11 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 会社法 第三十九条第四項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-39/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-39/par-4 - 会社法 第三百三十一条第一項第四号（取締役の資格等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-331/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-331/par-1/item-4 - 会社法 第三百三十五条第一項（監査役の資格等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-335/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-335/par-1 - 会社法 第四百二条第四項（執行役の選任等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-402/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-402/par-4 - 会社法 第四百七十八条第八項（清算人の就任） — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-478/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-478/par-8 - 会社法 第九百七十六条第一項第十九号の三（過料に処すべき行為） — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-976/par-1/item-19-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-976/par-1/item-19-3 - 資金決済に関する法律 第六十八条第一項（会社法の適用関係） — https://japanlaw.org/en/payment-services-act/art-68/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/421AC0000000059/art-68/par-1 - 銀行法 第七条の二第三項（取締役等の適格性等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act/art-7-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/356AC0000000059/art-7-2/par-3 - 銀行法 第七条の二第四項（取締役等の適格性等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act/art-7-2/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/356AC0000000059/art-7-2/par-4 - 銀行法 第四十四条第四項（清算人の任免等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act/art-44/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/356AC0000000059/art-44/par-4 - 銀行法 第五十二条の十九第四項（銀行持株会社の取締役の兼職の制限等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/banking-act/art-52-19/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/356AC0000000059/art-52-19/par-4 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 会社法 — the text in force from 2026-08-12 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/417AC0000000086/20260812_508AC0000000064), retrieved 2026-09-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Companies Act — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4481/tb), retrieved 2026-09-17 - claude-opus-5[1m] — Machine translation, batch companies-act-20260917T143643-001, translated 2026-09-17 - This site's parser, version 211 — 会社法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-09-17