# 商法 / Commercial Code — 第八百九条 (Article 809) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 商法 (Commercial Code), 明治三十二年法律第四十八号 - English title "Commercial Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第八百九条 (Article 809)（共同海損となる損害又は費用） — address `art-809` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第八百九条（共同海損となる損害又は費用） — (Damage or Costs Constituting General Average) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-809 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809 **第一項** 共同海損となる損害の額は、次の各号に掲げる区分に応じ、当該各号に定める額によって算定する。ただし、第二号及び第四号に定める額については、積荷の滅失又は損傷のために支払うことを要しなくなった一切の費用の額を控除するものとする。 art-809/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1 The amount of damage that constitutes a general average is calculated on the basis of the amounts specified in the following items according to the categories set forth in the respective items; provided, however, that the amount of any and all costs that are no longer required to be paid because cargo has been lost or damaged are deducted from the amounts set forth in items (ii) and (iv): Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 船舶　到達の地及び時における当該船舶の価格 art-809/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-1 ship:the price of the ship at the place and time of arrival; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 積荷　陸揚げの地及び時における当該積荷の価格 art-809/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-2 cargo:the price of the cargo at the place and time of discharge; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 積荷以外の船舶内にある物　到達の地及び時における当該物の価格 art-809/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-3 objects on the ship other than the cargo:the price of the objects at the time and place of arrival; and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 運送賃　陸揚げの地及び時において請求することができる運送賃の額 art-809/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-4 freight charges:the amount of freight charges claimable at the place and time of discharge. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 船荷証券その他積荷の価格を評定するに足りる書類（以下この章において「価格評定書類」という。）に積荷の実価より低い価額を記載したときは、その積荷に加えた損害の額は、当該価格評定書類に記載された価額によって定める。積荷の価格に影響を及ぼす事項につき価格評定書類に虚偽の記載をした場合において、当該記載によることとすれば積荷の実価より低い価格が評定されることとなるときも、同様とする。 art-809/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-2 If a value that is lower than the real value of the cargo is entered in a bill of lading or any other document by which the price of the cargo can be evaluated (hereinafter referred to as a "price evaluation document" in this Chapter), the amount of damage caused to the cargo is determined on the basis of the value entered in the price evaluation document. The same applies if any false entry is made in a price evaluation document with regard to a particular that may affect the price of the cargo, and the value of the cargo to be evaluated on the basis of the false entry would be lower than the real value thereof. Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "If a value that is lower than the real value of the cargo is entered in a bill of lading or any other document by which the price of the cargo can be evaluated (hereinafter referred to as a "price evaluation document" in this Chapter), the amount of damage caused to the cargo is determined on the basis of the value entered in the price valuation document. The same applies if any false entry is made in a price valuation document with regard to a particular that may affect the price of the cargo, and the value of the cargo to be evaluated on the basis of the false entry would be lower than the real value thereof." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb **第三項** 次に掲げる損害又は費用は、利害関係人が分担することを要しない。 art-809/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3 Interested persons are not required to share the following damage or costs: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 次に掲げる物に加えた損害。ただし、次のハに掲げる物にあっては第五百七十七条第二項第一号に掲げる場合を、次のニに掲げる物にあっては甲板積みをする商慣習がある場合を除く。 art-809/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1 damage caused to the following objects; provided, however, that for objects as set forth in (c) below, this excludes a case as set forth in Article 577, paragraph (2), item (i), and for objects as set forth in (d) below, this excludes cases in which it is consistent with commercial custom for those goods to be loaded above deck: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **イ** 船舶所有者に無断で船積みがされた積荷 art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-1 cargo that has been loaded onto the ship without the permission of the shipowner; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **ロ** 船積みに際して故意に虚偽の申告がされた積荷 art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-2 cargo for which an intentional false declaration has been made at the time of loading; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **ハ** 高価品である積荷であって、荷送人又は傭船者が運送を委託するに当たりその種類及び価額を通知していないもの art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-3 cargo constituting valuables, of whose type and value the shipper or charterer has not notified the carrier upon entrusting the carrier with their transportation; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **ニ** 甲板上の積荷 art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-4 above-deck cargo; Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "above-deck cargo; and" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb **ホ** 属具目録に記載がない属具 art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-1/sub-5 equipment not entered in the equipment inventory; and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 特別補償料 art-809/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-3/item-2 special compensation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-809/par-1: 第二号 → 商法 第八百九条第一項第二号 (Article 809, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-809/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-2 - art-809/par-1: 第四号 → 商法 第八百九条第一項第四号 (Article 809, paragraph (1), item (iv)), art-809/par-1/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1/item-4 - art-809/par-3/item-1: 第五百七十七条第二項第一号 → 商法 第五百七十七条第二項第一号 (Article 577, paragraph (2), item (i)), art-577/par-2/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-577/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-577/par-2/item-1 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 商法 第八百九条第一項（共同海損となる損害又は費用） — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-809/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-809/par-1 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-11-05 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 商法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/132AC0000000048/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-11-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code (商法), Article 809, paragraph (2) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code (商法), Article 809, paragraph (3), item (i), (d) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05 - This site's parser, version 224 — 商法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-05