# 商法 / Commercial Code — 第八百八条 (Article 808) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 商法 (Commercial Code), 明治三十二年法律第四十八号 - English title "Commercial Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第八百八条 (Article 808)（共同海損の成立） — address `art-808` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第八百八条（共同海損の成立） — (Establishment of General Average) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-808 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808 **第一項** 船舶及び積荷等に対する共同の危険を避けるために船舶又は積荷等について処分がされたときは、当該処分（以下この章において「共同危険回避処分」という。）によって生じた損害及び費用は、共同海損とする。 art-808/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808/par-1 If any measures are taken to handle a ship or its cargo and other such objects in order to avoid a common danger to the ship and its cargo and other such objects, damage and costs arising from these measures (hereinafter referred to as "measures to avoid a common danger" in this Chapter) constitute a general average. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定は、同項の危険が過失によって生じた場合における利害関係人から当該過失のある者に対する求償権の行使を妨げない。 art-808/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808/par-2 If the danger referred to in the preceding paragraph is caused by negligence, the provisions of that paragraph do not preclude an interested person from exercising the right of reimbursement against the negligent party. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-808/par-2: 前項 → 商法 第八百八条第一項 (Article 808, paragraph (1)), art-808/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808/par-1 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 商法 第八百八条第二項（共同海損の成立） — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-808/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-808/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 商法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/132AC0000000048/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-11-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05 - This site's parser, version 224 — 商法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-05