# 商法 / Commercial Code — 第五百八十八条 (Article 588) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 商法 (Commercial Code), 明治三十二年法律第四十八号 - English title "Commercial Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第五百八十八条 (Article 588)（運送人の被用者の不法行為責任） — address `art-588` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第五百八十八条（運送人の被用者の不法行為責任） — (Tort Liability of Carrier's Employees) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-588 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588 **第一項** 前条の規定により運送品の滅失等についての運送人の損害賠償の責任が免除され、又は軽減される場合には、その責任が免除され、又は軽減される限度において、その運送品の滅失等についての運送人の被用者の荷送人又は荷受人に対する不法行為による損害賠償の責任も、免除され、又は軽減される。 art-588/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588/par-1 If, pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, a carrier is subject to a release from or reduction in the liability to compensate for loss or damage arising as a result of loss, damage, or delay, the carrier's employees are also subject to a release from or reduction in their liability to a shipper or consignee to compensate for damage in tort arising as a result of that loss, damage, or delay, to the extent of the carrier's release from or reduction in liability. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定は、運送人の被用者の故意又は重大な過失によって運送品の滅失等が生じたときは、適用しない。 art-588/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588/par-2 The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the loss, damage, or delay arises at the intention of the carrier's employee or due to the gross negligence of the carrier's employee. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-588/par-1: 前条 → 商法 第五百八十七条 (Article 587), art-587 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-587 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-587 - art-588/par-2: 前項 → 商法 第五百八十八条第一項 (Article 588, paragraph (1)), art-588/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588/par-1 ## Cited by 3 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 商法 第五百六十四条第一項（物品運送に関する規定の準用） — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-564/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-564/par-1 - 商法 第五百八十八条第二項（運送人の被用者の不法行為責任） — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-588/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-588/par-2 - 商法 第五百九十三条第二項（引渡しを受けていない手荷物に関する運送人の責任等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-593/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-593/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 商法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/132AC0000000048/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-11-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05 - This site's parser, version 224 — 商法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-05