# 商法 / Commercial Code — 第三条 (Article 3)

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- Law: 商法 (Commercial Code), 明治三十二年法律第四十八号
- English title "Commercial Code": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第三条 (Article 3)（一方的商行為） — address `art-3`
- Text in force since: 2026-06-24
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-3
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-3
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第三条（一方的商行為） — (Transactions Constituting Commercial Transactions for One Party)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-3</sup>

  **第一項**  当事者の一方のために商行為となる行為については、この法律をその双方に適用する。
  <sup>art-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-3/par-1</sup>
  If an act constitutes a commercial transaction for one of the parties, this Code applies to both parties.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **第二項**  当事者の一方が二人以上ある場合において、その一人のために商行為となる行為については、この法律をその全員に適用する。
  <sup>art-3/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/commercial-code/art-3/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-3/par-2</sup>
  If two or more persons form one of the parties and an act constitutes a commercial transaction for any one of them, this Code applies to all of them.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 商法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/132AC0000000048/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-11-05
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05
- This site's parser, version 224 — 商法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-05