# Article 168, paragraph (4), its wordings — Code of Criminal Procedure

This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/history/art-168/par-4. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp.

How the wording of Article 168, paragraph (4) (第百六十八条第四項) changed with each amendment, and how it will change.

- Law: Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法) — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure
- Provision: Article 168, paragraph (4) (第百六十八条第四項) — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-168/par-4 (as Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-168/par-4)
- The law's amendments: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/amendments
- 2 wordings, oldest first.

## 1. Before Act No. 39 of 2025

- State: In force

Japanese:

> 鑑定人は、第一項の処分を受ける者に許可状を示さなければならない。

English (Japanese Law Translation, Ministry of Justice):

> Expert witnesses must show a written permit to the relevant persons subject to the measures prescribed in paragraph (1) of this Article.

## 2. By 31 March 2027 — Act No. 39 of 2025

- State: Not yet in force
- Takes effect: By 31 March 2027
- The amendment: Moved to paragraph (6) and reworded (Act No. 39 of 2025) — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/amendments/20270331_507AC0000000039

Japanese:

> 鑑定人は、第一項の処分を受ける者に対し、次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める措置をとらなければならない。

English (Machine translation, not official):

> Expert witnesses must take the measures specified in each of the following items in accordance with the category of cases set forth in those items with respect to the relevant persons subject to the measures prescribed in paragraph (1) of this Article:

---

## Sources

- The dates and the amending laws: e-Gov (Digital Agency) (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131)
- English name of the law: Japanese Law Translation, Ministry of Justice (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb)
- English titles of the amending laws: Written for this site with AI
- The Japanese text before: e-Gov (Digital Agency) (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20261020_508AC0000000067)
- The Japanese text after: e-Gov (Digital Agency) (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20270331_507AC0000000039)