# 刑事訴訟法 / Code of Criminal Procedure — 第二十八条 (Article 28) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-28. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 刑事訴訟法 (Code of Criminal Procedure), 昭和二十三年法律第百三十一号 - English title "Code of Criminal Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第二十八条 (Article 28) — address `art-28` - Text in force since: 2026-10-20 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-28 - e-Gov law ID: 323AC0000000131 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第二十八条 art-28 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-28 **第一項** 刑法（明治四十年法律第四十五号）第三十九条又は第四十一条の規定を適用しない罪に当たる事件について、被告人又は被疑者が意思能力を有しないときは、その法定代理人（二人以上あるときは、各自。以下同じ。）が、訴訟行為についてこれを代理する。 art-28/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-28/par-1 When the defendant or the suspect lacks mental capacity regarding a case to which the provisions of Article 39 or 41 of the Penal Code (Act No. 45 of 1907) do not apply, said person's legal representative (when there are two or more legal representatives, respectively; the same applies hereinafter) represents said person with regard to procedural actions. Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "When the accused or the suspect lacks mental capacity regarding a case to which the provisions of Article 39 or 41 of the Penal Code (Act No. 45 of 1907) do not apply, said person's legal representative (when there are two or more legal representative, respectively; the same applies hereinafter) represents said person with regard to procedural actions.." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb --- ## Cites - art-28/par-1: 刑法（明治四十年法律第四十五号）第三十九条 → 刑法 第三十九条 (Article 39), art-39 — https://japanlaw.org/en/penal-code/art-39 (e-Gov law ID 140AC0000000045) - art-28/par-1: 第四十一条 → 刑法 第四十一条 (Article 41), art-41 — https://japanlaw.org/en/penal-code/art-41 (e-Gov law ID 140AC0000000045) ## Cited by 3 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 刑事訴訟法 第二十九条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-29/par-1 - 刑事訴訟法 第二十九条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-29/par-2 - 刑事訴訟法 附則第十二条第一項（刑事訴訟法の一部改正に伴う経過措置） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/suppl-4071-91/art-12/par-1 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of the Code of Criminal Procedure, written 2026-11-06 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 刑事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-10-20 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20261020_508AC0000000067), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 28, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - This site's parser, version 225 — 刑事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-06