# 刑事訴訟法 / Code of Criminal Procedure — 第二十三条 (Article 23) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 刑事訴訟法 (Code of Criminal Procedure), 昭和二十三年法律第百三十一号 - English title "Code of Criminal Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第二十三条 (Article 23) — address `art-23` - Text in force since: 2026-10-20 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23 - e-Gov law ID: 323AC0000000131 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第二十三条 art-23 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23 **第一項** 合議体の構成員である裁判官が忌避されたときは、その裁判官所属の裁判所が、決定をしなければならない。この場合において、その裁判所が地方裁判所であるときは、合議体で決定をしなければならない。 art-23/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-1 When a judge who is a member of a panel is recused, the court to which said judge is assigned must make the ruling. In this case, when the court is a district court, the ruling must be made by a panel. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 地方裁判所の一人の裁判官又は家庭裁判所の裁判官が忌避されたときはその裁判官所属の裁判所が、簡易裁判所の裁判官が忌避されたときは管轄地方裁判所が、合議体で決定をしなければならない。ただし、忌避された裁判官が忌避の申立てを理由があるものとするときは、その決定があつたものとみなす。 art-23/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-2 When an individual judge who is assigned to a district court or a judge assigned to a family court is recused, a panel which is assigned to the same district or family court must make the ruling. When an individual judge who is assigned to a summary court is recused, a panel which is assigned to the district court which has jurisdiction must make the ruling; provided, however, that when the recused judge admits that the recusal has cause, such ruling will be deemed to have been made. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 忌避された裁判官は、前二項の決定に関与することができない。 art-23/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-3 The recused judge may not participate in the ruling prescribed in the preceding two paragraphs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 裁判所が忌避された裁判官の退去により決定をすることができないときは、直近上級の裁判所が、決定をしなければならない。 art-23/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-4 When the court is unable to make a ruling because of the withdrawal of the recused judge, the ruling must be rendered by the next higher court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-23/par-3: 前二項 → 刑事訴訟法 第二十三条第一項 (Article 23, paragraph (1)), art-23/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-1 - art-23/par-3: 前二項 → 刑事訴訟法 第二十三条第二項 (Article 23, paragraph (2)), art-23/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-2 ## Cited by 2 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 刑事訴訟法 第二十三条第三項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-23/par-3 - 刑事訴訟法 第二十四条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-24/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 刑事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-10-20 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20261020_508AC0000000067), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - This site's parser, version 225 — 刑事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-06