# 刑事訴訟法 / Code of Criminal Procedure — 第二十条 (Article 20) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 刑事訴訟法 (Code of Criminal Procedure), 昭和二十三年法律第百三十一号 - English title "Code of Criminal Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第二十条 (Article 20) — address `art-20` - Text in force since: 2026-10-20 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20 - e-Gov law ID: 323AC0000000131 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第二十条 art-20 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20 **第一項** 裁判官は、次に掲げる場合には、職務の執行から除斥される。 art-20/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1 A judge is disqualified from execution of its duties when: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 裁判官が被害者であるとき。 art-20/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-1 the judge is the victim; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 裁判官が被告人又は被害者の親族であるとき、又はあつたとき。 art-20/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-2 the judge is or was a relative of the defendant or the victim; Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the judge is or was a relative of the accused or the victim;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb **三** 裁判官が被告人又は被害者の法定代理人、後見監督人、保佐人、保佐監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。 art-20/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-3 the judge is a legal representative, supervisor of a guardian, curator, supervisor of a curator, assistant, or supervisor of an assistant for the defendant or the victim; Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the judge is a legal representative, supervisor of a guardian, curator, supervisor of a curator, assistant, or supervisor of an assistant for the accused or the victim;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb **四** 裁判官が事件について証人又は鑑定人となつたとき。 art-20/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-4 the judge has become a witness or an expert witness in the case; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 裁判官が事件について被告人の代理人、弁護人又は補佐人となつたとき。 art-20/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-5 the judge has become a representative, defense counsel or assistant for the defendant in the case; Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the judge has become a representative, defense counsel or assistant for the accused in the case;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb **六** 裁判官が事件について検察官又は司法警察員の職務を行つたとき。 art-20/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-6 the judge has executed its duties of a public prosecutor or a judicial police officer in the case; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **七** 裁判官が事件について第二百六十六条第二号の決定、略式命令、前審の裁判、第三百九十八条乃至第四百条、第四百十二条若しくは第四百十三条の規定により差し戻し、若しくは移送された場合における原判決又はこれらの裁判の基礎となつた取調べに関与したとき。ただし、受託裁判官として関与した場合は、この限りでない。 art-20/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-20/par-1/item-7 with regard to the case, the judge has participated in a ruling prescribed in Article 266, item (ii), summary order or the decision of the lower court, or in the original judgment of a case which was sent back or transferred pursuant to the provisions of Articles 398 to 400, 412, or 413, or in the examination of evidence which formed the basis of such decisions; provided, however, that this does not apply when said judge participated as a delegated judge. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第二百六十六条第二号 → 刑事訴訟法 第二百六十六条第一項第二号 (Article 266, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-266/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-266/par-1/item-2 - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第三百九十八条乃至第四百条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三百九十八条 (Article 398), art-398 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-398 - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第三百九十八条乃至第四百条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三百九十九条 (Article 399), art-399 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-399 - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第三百九十八条乃至第四百条 → 刑事訴訟法 第四百条 (Article 400), art-400 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-400 - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第四百十二条 → 刑事訴訟法 第四百十二条 (Article 412), art-412 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-412 - art-20/par-1/item-7: 第四百十三条 → 刑事訴訟法 第四百十三条 (Article 413), art-413 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-413 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 刑事訴訟法 第二十六条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-26/par-1 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of the Code of Criminal Procedure, written 2026-11-06 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 刑事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-10-20 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20261020_508AC0000000067), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 20, paragraph (1), item (ii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 20, paragraph (1), item (iii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 20, paragraph (1), item (v) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06 - This site's parser, version 225 — 刑事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-06