# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第百四十九条 (Article 149) - Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号 - English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第百四十九条 (Article 149)（釈明権等） — address `art-149` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第百四十九条（釈明権等） — (Authority to Ask for an Explanation) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149 **第一項** 裁判長は、口頭弁論の期日又は期日外において、訴訟関係を明瞭にするため、事実上及び法律上の事項に関し、当事者に対して問いを発し、又は立証を促すことができる。 art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 The presiding judge, on a date for oral arguments or on any other date, may ask questions of a party or call for a party to give proof with regard to a factual or legal matter, in order to clarify a matter that is related to the litigation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 陪席裁判官は、裁判長に告げて、前項に規定する処置をすることができる。 art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 An associate judge, after notifying the presiding judge, may take the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 当事者は、口頭弁論の期日又は期日外において、裁判長に対して必要な発問を求めることができる。 art-149/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-3 A party may, on a date for oral arguments or on any other date, request the presiding judge to ask any necessary questions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 裁判長又は陪席裁判官が、口頭弁論の期日外において、攻撃又は防御の方法に重要な変更を生じ得る事項について第一項又は第二項の規定による処置をしたときは、その内容を相手方に通知しなければならない。 art-149/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-4 If the presiding judge or associate judge takes the measures under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) on a date other than a date for oral arguments with regard to a matter that could materially change the allegations or evidence, the judge must notify the adverse party of the content of those measures. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-149/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第一項 (Article 149, paragraph (1)), art-149/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 - art-149/par-4: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第一項 (Article 149, paragraph (1)), art-149/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 - art-149/par-4: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第二項 (Article 149, paragraph (2)), art-149/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 ## Cited by 5 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第二項（釈明権等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 - 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第四項（釈明権等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-4 - 民事訴訟法 第百五十条第一項（訴訟指揮等に対する異議） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150/par-1 - 民事訴訟法 第百七十条第五項（弁論準備手続における訴訟行為等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-5 - 民事訴訟法 第百七十六条第三項（書面による準備手続の方法等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-3 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17