# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第二章 (Part 3, Chapter 2) - Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号 - English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第二章 (Part 3, Chapter 2) — address `pt-3/ch-2` - Text: the text as amended with effect from 2028-12-23 (The date on which the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.) — NOT yet in force (revision 20281223_508AC0000000046) - URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2 - The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-3/ch-2 - Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is machine translation. --- ## 第二章　上告 — Chapter II Final Appeals heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-3/ch-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2 ### 第三百十一条（上告裁判所） — (Final Appellate Court) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-311 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-311 **第一項** 上告は、高等裁判所が第二審又は第一審としてした終局判決に対しては最高裁判所に、地方裁判所が第二審としてした終局判決に対しては高等裁判所にすることができる。 art-311/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-311/par-1 A final appeal may be filed with the Supreme Court against a final judgment that the high court enters as the court of second instance or as the court of first instance, or may be filed with the high court against a final judgment that the district court enters as the court of second instance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第二百八十一条第一項ただし書の場合には、地方裁判所の判決に対しては最高裁判所に、簡易裁判所の判決に対しては高等裁判所に、直ちに上告をすることができる。 art-311/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-311/par-2 In a case as referred to in the proviso to Article 281, paragraph (1), a final appeal may be filed directly with the Supreme Court against a district court judgment, and may be filed directly with a high court against a summary court judgment. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十二条（上告の理由） — (Grounds for Final Appeal) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-312 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312 **第一項** 上告は、判決に憲法の解釈の誤りがあることその他憲法の違反があることを理由とするときに、することができる。 art-312/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-1 A final appeal may be filed on the grounds that the judgment reflects an error in the interpretation of the Constitution or that it is otherwise unconstitutional. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 上告は、次に掲げる事由があることを理由とするときも、することができる。ただし、第四号に掲げる事由については、第三十四条第二項（第五十九条において準用する場合を含む。）の規定による追認があったときは、この限りでない。 art-312/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2 A final appeal may also be filed on the grounds that any of the following circumstances are present; provided, however, that this does not apply to the circumstances stated in item (iv) if the ratification under the provisions of Article 34, paragraph (2) has taken place (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 59): Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 法律に従って判決裁判所を構成しなかったこと。 art-312/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-1 the court that pronounced judgment was not composed in accordance with the law; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 法律により判決に関与することができない裁判官が判決に関与したこと。 art-312/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-2 a judge who, by law, is not permitted to participate in the judgment, has participated in the judgment; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二の二** 日本の裁判所の管轄権の専属に関する規定に違反したこと。 art-312/par-2/item-2-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-2-2 provisions on the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts have been violated; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 専属管轄に関する規定に違反したこと（第六条第一項各号に定める裁判所が第一審の終局判決をした場合において当該訴訟が同項の規定により他の裁判所の専属管轄に属するときを除く。）。 art-312/par-2/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-3 provisions on exclusive jurisdiction have been violated (unless one of the courts specified in the items of Article 6, paragraph (1) has entered the final judgment in the first instance, and that litigation is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of another court pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (1)); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 法定代理権、訴訟代理権又は代理人が訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権を欠いたこと。 art-312/par-2/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-4 authority to act as a person's legal representative, authority to act as a person's litigation representative, or the delegation of powers that a representative needs in order to perform procedural acts, was lacking; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 口頭弁論の公開の規定に違反したこと。 art-312/par-2/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-5 provisions on the opening of oral arguments to the public have been violated; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **六** 判決に理由を付せず、又は理由に食違いがあること。 art-312/par-2/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-6 no reason has been given for the judgment, or the reasons given for the judgment conflict with each other. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 高等裁判所にする上告は、判決に影響を及ぼすことが明らかな法令の違反があることを理由とするときも、することができる。 art-312/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-3 A final appeal to the high court may also be filed on the grounds of a violation of law or regulation that has clearly influenced the judgment. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十三条（控訴の規定の準用） — (Mutatis Mutandis Application of Provisions on Appeals to the Court of Second Instance) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-313 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-313 **第一項** 前章の規定は、特別の定めがある場合を除き、上告及び上告審の訴訟手続について準用する。 art-313/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-313/par-1 The provisions of the preceding Chapter, except as otherwise provided, apply mutatis mutandis to a final appeal and to litigation proceedings in the final appellate instance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十四条（上告提起の方式等） — (Formalities for the Filing of Final Appeal) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-314 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-314 **第一項** 上告の提起は、上告状を原裁判所に提出してしなければならない。 art-314/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-314/par-1 A final appeal must be filed through the submission of a petition for a final appeal with the court of prior instance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前条において準用する第二百八十八条及び第二百八十九条第二項の規定による裁判長の職権は、原裁判所の裁判長が行う。 art-314/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-314/par-2 The authority of the presiding judge under the provisions of Article 288 and Article 289, paragraph (2) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding Article is exercised by the presiding judge of the court of prior instance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十五条（上告の理由の記載） — (Entry of Grounds for Final Appeal) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-315 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315 **第一項** 上告状に上告の理由の記載がないときは、上告人は、最高裁判所規則で定める期間内に、上告理由書を原裁判所に提出しなければならない。 art-315/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315/par-1 If the grounds for final appeal are not entered in a petition for final appeal, a statement of the grounds for final appeal must be submitted to the court of prior instance within the time frame specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 上告の理由は、最高裁判所規則で定める方式により記載しなければならない。 art-315/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315/par-2 Grounds for final appeal must be entered in the format specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十六条（原裁判所による上告の却下） — (Denial of a Final Appeal by the Court of Prior Instance) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-316 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316 **第一項** 次の各号に該当することが明らかであるときは、原裁判所は、決定で、上告を却下しなければならない。 art-316/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1 If circumstances clearly fall under any of the following items, the court of prior instance must rule to deny the final appeal: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 上告が不適法でその不備を補正することができないとき。 art-316/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1/item-1 the final appeal is not in accordance with the law and this defect cannot be corrected; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前条第一項の規定に違反して上告理由書を提出せず、又は上告の理由の記載が同条第二項の規定に違反しているとき。 art-316/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1/item-2 a statement of grounds for final appeal has not been submitted, constituting a violation of the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article; or the stated grounds for final appeal are in violation of paragraph (2) of that Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。 art-316/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-2 An immediate appeal may be filed against a ruling as referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十七条（上告裁判所による上告の却下等） — (Denial of a Final Appeal by the Final Appellate Court) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-317 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-317 **第一項** 前条第一項各号に掲げる場合には、上告裁判所は、決定で、上告を却下することができる。 art-317/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-317/par-1 In the cases stated in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the final appellate court may rule to dismiss a final appeal. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 上告裁判所である最高裁判所は、上告の理由が明らかに第三百十二条第一項及び第二項に規定する事由に該当しない場合には、決定で、上告を棄却することができる。 art-317/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-317/par-2 The Supreme Court, as the final appellate court, may rule to dismiss a final appeal if the grounds for final appeal clearly do not fall under the circumstances prescribed in Article 312, paragraph (1) or (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十八条（上告受理の申立て） — (Petitioning the Supreme Court to Accept a Final Appeal) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-318 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318 **第一項** 上告をすべき裁判所が最高裁判所である場合には、最高裁判所は、原判決に最高裁判所の判例（これがない場合にあっては、大審院又は上告裁判所若しくは控訴裁判所である高等裁判所の判例）と相反する判断がある事件その他の法令の解釈に関する重要な事項を含むものと認められる事件について、申立てにより、決定で、上告審として事件を受理することができる。 art-318/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-1 If the Supreme Court is the court with which the final appeal should be filed, it may rule, upon petition, to accept as the final appellate court, a case in which a prior instance judgment reflects a determination that conflicts with Supreme Court precedent (or, if there is no Supreme Court precedent, conflicts with precedent of the former Great Court of Cassation or precedent of the high court acting as the final appellate court or the court of second instance) or to accept any other case that is found to involve matters of material import in the interpretation of laws and regulations. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の申立て（以下「上告受理の申立て」という。）においては、第三百十二条第一項及び第二項に規定する事由を理由とすることができない。 art-318/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-2 A petition as referred to in the preceding paragraph (referred to below as a "petition to accept a final appeal") may not give circumstances prescribed in Article 312, paragraphs (1) and (2) as the grounds for petition. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の場合において、最高裁判所は、上告受理の申立ての理由中に重要でないと認めるものがあるときは、これを排除することができる。 art-318/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-3 In a case as referred to in paragraph (1), the Supreme Court may exclude any grounds for petition to accept a final appeal that it finds to be immaterial. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項の決定があった場合には、上告があったものとみなす。この場合においては、第三百二十条の規定の適用については、上告受理の申立ての理由中前項の規定により排除されたもの以外のものを上告の理由とみなす。 art-318/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-4 If a ruling as referred to paragraph (1) is issued, a final appeal is deemed to have been filed. To apply the provisions of Article 320 in such a case, grounds for petition to accept a final appeal other than those excluded pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph are deemed to be the grounds for the final appeal. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第三百十三条から第三百十五条まで及び第三百十六条第一項の規定は、上告受理の申立てについて準用する。 art-318/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-5 The provisions of Articles 313 through 315 and Article 316, paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis to a petition to accept a final appeal. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百十九条（口頭弁論を経ない上告の棄却） — (Dismissal of a Final Appeal, Without Oral Arguments Being Heard) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-319 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-319 **第一項** 上告裁判所は、上告状、上告理由書、答弁書その他の書類により、上告を理由がないと認めるときは、口頭弁論を経ないで、判決で、上告を棄却することができる。 art-319/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-319/par-1 If the final appellate court finds that a final appeal is without grounds based on the petition for final appeal, statement of grounds for final appeal, written answer, or any other documents, it may enter a judgment to dismiss the final appeal, without hearing oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十条（調査の範囲） — (Scope of Examination) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-320 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-320 **第一項** 上告裁判所は、上告の理由に基づき、不服の申立てがあった限度においてのみ調査をする。 art-320/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-320/par-1 The final appellate court must conduct its examination based on the grounds for final appeal, only within the bounds of the objection that has been entered. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十一条（原判決の確定した事実の拘束） — (Binding Force of Facts Found in a Prior Instance Judgment) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-321 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-321 **第一項** 原判決において適法に確定した事実は、上告裁判所を拘束する。 art-321/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-321/par-1 Lawful findings of fact in a prior instance judgment are binding on the final appellate court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第三百十一条第二項の規定による上告があった場合には、上告裁判所は、原判決における事実の確定が法律に違反したことを理由として、その判決を破棄することができない。 art-321/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-321/par-2 If a final appeal under the provisions of Article 311, paragraph (2) is filed, the final appellate court may not reverse the prior instance judgment on the grounds that the findings of fact in the judgment are in violation of the law. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十二条（職権調査事項についての適用除外） — (Exclusion of Matters to Be Examined by the Court Sua Sponte from Application of Prescribed Provisions) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-322 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-322 **第一項** 前二条の規定は、裁判所が職権で調査すべき事項には、適用しない。 art-322/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-322/par-1 The provisions of the preceding two Articles do not apply to matters that must be examined by the court sua sponte. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十三条（仮執行の宣言） — (Declaration of Provisional Enforceability) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-323 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-323 **第一項** 上告裁判所は、原判決について不服の申立てがない部分に限り、申立てにより、決定で、仮執行の宣言をすることができる。 art-323/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-323/par-1 Upon petition, the final appellate court may rule to issue a declaration of provisional enforceability, but only with regard to the part of the judgment in the prior instance against which no objection has been entered. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十四条（最高裁判所への移送） — (Transfer to the Supreme Court) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-324 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-324 **第一項** 上告裁判所である高等裁判所は、最高裁判所規則で定める事由があるときは、決定で、事件を最高裁判所に移送しなければならない。 art-324/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-324/par-1 The high court, as the final appellate court, must rule to transfer a case to the Supreme Court if the circumstances specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court are present. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十五条（破棄差戻し等） — (Reversal and Remand) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-325 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325 **第一項** 第三百十二条第一項又は第二項に規定する事由があるときは、上告裁判所は、原判決を破棄し、次条の場合を除き、事件を原裁判所に差し戻し、又はこれと同等の他の裁判所に移送しなければならない。高等裁判所が上告裁判所である場合において、判決に影響を及ぼすことが明らかな法令の違反があるときも、同様とする。 art-325/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-1 If there are circumstances prescribed in Article 312, paragraph (1) or (2), the final appellate court must reverse the prior instance judgment, and, except in the cases referred to in the following Article, it must remand the case to the court of prior instance or transfer the case to another, equivalent court. The same applies if the high court is the final appellate court and a violation of law or regulation has clearly influenced the judgment. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 上告裁判所である最高裁判所は、第三百十二条第一項又は第二項に規定する事由がない場合であっても、判決に影響を及ぼすことが明らかな法令の違反があるときは、原判決を破棄し、次条の場合を除き、事件を原裁判所に差し戻し、又はこれと同等の他の裁判所に移送することができる。 art-325/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-2 Even without the circumstances prescribed in Article 312, paragraph (1) or (2), the Supreme Court, as the final appellate court, may reverse a prior instance judgment if a violation of law or regulation has clearly influenced the judgment, and, except in the cases referred to in the following Article, it may remand the case to the court of prior instance or transfer the case to another, equivalent court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前二項の規定により差戻し又は移送を受けた裁判所は、新たな口頭弁論に基づき裁判をしなければならない。この場合において、上告裁判所が破棄の理由とした事実上及び法律上の判断は、差戻し又は移送を受けた裁判所を拘束する。 art-325/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-3 The court to which a case is remanded or transferred pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs must reach a judicial decision based on additional oral arguments. In such a case, the factual or legal finding based on which the final appellate court has reversed the judgment is binding on the court to which the case is remanded or transferred. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 原判決に関与した裁判官は、前項の裁判に関与することができない。 art-325/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-4 A judge who has participated in the prior instance judgment may not participate in the judicial decision referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十六条（破棄自判） — (Reversal and Decision by the Final Appellate Court) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-326 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326 **第一項** 次に掲げる場合には、上告裁判所は、事件について裁判をしなければならない。 art-326/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326/par-1 In the following cases, the final appellate court must reach a judicial decision on the case: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 確定した事実について憲法その他の法令の適用を誤ったことを理由として判決を破棄する場合において、事件がその事実に基づき裁判をするのに熟するとき。 art-326/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326/par-1/item-1 the final appellate court reverses a judgment on the grounds that there has been an error in the application of the Constitution or any other law or regulation to the facts that have been found, and the case has been sufficiently developed to allow a judicial decision to be reached based on these facts; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 事件が裁判所の権限に属しないことを理由として判決を破棄するとき。 art-326/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326/par-1/item-2 the final appellate court reverses a judgment on the grounds that the case is not subject to the jurisdiction of the court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二十七条（特別上告） — (Special Appeal to the Court of Last Resort) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-327 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-327 **第一項** 高等裁判所が上告審としてした終局判決に対しては、その判決に憲法の解釈の誤りがあることその他憲法の違反があることを理由とするときに限り、最高裁判所に更に上告をすることができる。 art-327/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-327/par-1 A further appeal may be filed with the Supreme Court against a final judgment entered by the high court as the final appellate court, but only on the grounds that the judgment involves an error in the interpretation of the Constitution or that it is otherwise unconstitutional. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の上告及びその上告審の訴訟手続には、その性質に反しない限り、第二審又は第一審の終局判決に対する上告及びその上告審の訴訟手続に関する規定を準用する。この場合において、第三百二十一条第一項中「原判決」とあるのは、「地方裁判所が第二審としてした終局判決（第三百十一条第二項の規定による上告があった場合にあっては、簡易裁判所の終局判決）」と読み替えるものとする。 art-327/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-327/par-2 Unless it is contrary to their nature, provisions concerning a final appeal and litigation proceedings in the final appellate instance against a final judgment by the court of second instance or the court of first instance apply mutatis mutandis to a final appeal as referred to in the preceding paragraph and litigation proceedings in the final appellate instance. This being the case, the phrase "a prior instance judgment" in Article 321, paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "the final judgment entered by the district court as the court of second instance (or the final judgment entered by the summary court, if a final appeal under the provisions of Article 311, paragraph (2) is filed)". Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Unless it is contrary to their nature, provisions concerning a final appeal and litigation proceedings in the final appellate instance against a final judgment by the court of second instance or the court of first instance apply mutatis mutandis to a final appeal as referred to in the preceding paragraph and litigation proceedings in the final appellate instance. This being the case, the phrase "a prior instance judgment" in Article 321, paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "the final judgment entered by the district court as the court of second instance (or the final judgment entered by the summary court, if a final appeal under the provisions of Article 311, paragraph (2) is filed")." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb --- ## Cites - art-311/par-2: 第二百八十一条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百八十一条第一項 (Article 281, paragraph (1)), art-281/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-1#art-281/par-1 - art-312/par-2: 第四号 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項第四号 (Article 312, paragraph (2), item (iv)), art-312/par-2/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2/item-4 - art-312/par-2: 第三十四条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三十四条第二項 (Article 34, paragraph (2)), art-34/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-28#art-34/par-2 - art-312/par-2: 第五十九条 → 民事訴訟法 第五十九条 (Article 59), art-59 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-45#art-59 - art-312/par-2/item-3: 第六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1 - art-314/par-2: 前条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十三条 (Article 313), art-313 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-313 - art-314/par-2: 第二百八十八条 → 民事訴訟法 第二百八十八条 (Article 288), art-288 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-1#art-288 - art-314/par-2: 第二百八十九条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百八十九条第二項 (Article 289, paragraph (2)), art-289/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-1#art-289/par-2 - art-316/par-1/item-2: 前条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十五条第一項 (Article 315, paragraph (1)), art-315/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315/par-1 - art-316/par-1/item-2: 同条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十五条第二項 (Article 315, paragraph (2)), art-315/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315/par-2 - art-316/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十六条第一項 (Article 316, paragraph (1)), art-316/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1 - art-317/par-1: 前条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十六条第一項 (Article 316, paragraph (1)), art-316/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1 - art-317/par-2: 第三百十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第一項 (Article 312, paragraph (1)), art-312/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-1 - art-317/par-2: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項 (Article 312, paragraph (2)), art-312/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2 - art-318/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十八条第一項 (Article 318, paragraph (1)), art-318/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-1 - art-318/par-2: 第三百十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第一項 (Article 312, paragraph (1)), art-312/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-1 - art-318/par-2: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項 (Article 312, paragraph (2)), art-312/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2 - art-318/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十八条第一項 (Article 318, paragraph (1)), art-318/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-1 - art-318/par-4: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十八条第一項 (Article 318, paragraph (1)), art-318/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-1 - art-318/par-4: 第三百二十条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十条 (Article 320), art-320 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-320 - art-318/par-4: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十八条第三項 (Article 318, paragraph (3)), art-318/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-318/par-3 - art-318/par-5: 第三百十三条から第三百十五条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百十三条 (Article 313), art-313 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-313 - art-318/par-5: 第三百十三条から第三百十五条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百十四条 (Article 314), art-314 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-314 - art-318/par-5: 第三百十三条から第三百十五条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百十五条 (Article 315), art-315 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-315 - art-318/par-5: 第三百十六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十六条第一項 (Article 316, paragraph (1)), art-316/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-316/par-1 - art-321/par-2: 第三百十一条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十一条第二項 (Article 311, paragraph (2)), art-311/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-311/par-2 - art-322/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十条 (Article 320), art-320 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-320 - art-322/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十一条 (Article 321), art-321 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-321 - art-325/par-1: 第三百十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第一項 (Article 312, paragraph (1)), art-312/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-1 - art-325/par-1: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項 (Article 312, paragraph (2)), art-312/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2 - art-325/par-1: 次条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十六条 (Article 326), art-326 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326 - art-325/par-2: 第三百十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第一項 (Article 312, paragraph (1)), art-312/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-1 - art-325/par-2: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項 (Article 312, paragraph (2)), art-312/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-312/par-2 - art-325/par-2: 次条 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十六条 (Article 326), art-326 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-326 - art-325/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十五条第一項 (Article 325, paragraph (1)), art-325/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-1 - art-325/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十五条第二項 (Article 325, paragraph (2)), art-325/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-2 - art-325/par-4: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十五条第三項 (Article 325, paragraph (3)), art-325/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-325/par-3 - art-327/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十七条第一項 (Article 327, paragraph (1)), art-327/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-327/par-1 - art-327/par-2: 第三百二十一条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百二十一条第一項 (Article 321, paragraph (1)), art-321/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-321/par-1 - art-327/par-2: 第三百十一条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三百十一条第二項 (Article 311, paragraph (2)), art-311/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2#art-311/par-2 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-18 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text as 令和八年法律第四十六号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20281223_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure (民事訴訟法), Article 327, paragraph (2) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17