# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第二章 (Part 1, Chapter 2)
- Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号
- English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第二章 (Part 1, Chapter 2) — address `pt-1/ch-2`
- Text: the text as amended with effect from 2028-12-23 (The date on which the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.) — NOT yet in force (revision 20281223_508AC0000000046)
- URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#pt-1/ch-2
- The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-1/ch-2
- Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.
Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.
The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording
the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet
in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is
machine translation.
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## 第二章 裁判所 — Chapter II The Courts
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
pt-1/ch-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#pt-1/ch-2
## 第一節 日本の裁判所の管轄権 — Section 1 Jurisdiction of the Japanese Courts
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
pt-1/ch-2/sec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#pt-1/ch-2/sec-1
### 第三条の二（被告の住所等による管轄権） — (Jurisdiction Based on the Defendant's Domicile)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2
**第一項** 裁判所は、人に対する訴えについて、その住所が日本国内にあるとき、住所がない場合又は住所が知れない場合にはその居所が日本国内にあるとき、居所がない場合又は居所が知れない場合には訴えの提起前に日本国内に住所を有していたとき（日本国内に最後に住所を有していた後に外国に住所を有していたときを除く。）は、管轄権を有する。
art-3-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2/par-1
The courts have jurisdiction over an action that is brought against a person domiciled in Japan; against a person without a domicile, or of domicile unknown, whose residence is in Japan; and against a person without a residence, or of residence unknown, who was domiciled in Japan before the action was filed (unless the person has been domiciled in a foreign country after last being domiciled in Japan).
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 裁判所は、大使、公使その他外国に在ってその国の裁判権からの免除を享有する日本人に対する訴えについて、前項の規定にかかわらず、管轄権を有する。
art-3-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2/par-2
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the courts have jurisdiction over an action that is brought against an ambassador, minister, or any other Japanese national in a foreign country who enjoys immunity from the jurisdiction of that country.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 裁判所は、法人その他の社団又は財団に対する訴えについて、その主たる事務所又は営業所が日本国内にあるとき、事務所若しくは営業所がない場合又はその所在地が知れない場合には代表者その他の主たる業務担当者の住所が日本国内にあるときは、管轄権を有する。
art-3-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2/par-3
The courts have jurisdiction over an action that is brought against a corporation or any other association or foundation whose principal office or business office is located in Japan, and against a corporation, association, or foundation without a business office or other office, or with a business office or other office of unknown location, whose representative or other person principally in charge of its business is domiciled in Japan.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の三（契約上の債務に関する訴え等の管轄権） — (Jurisdiction over an Action Involving a Contractual Obligation)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-3
**第一項** 次の各号に掲げる訴えは、それぞれ当該各号に定めるときは、日本の裁判所に提起することができる。
一 契約上の債務の履行の請求を目的とする訴え又は契約上の債務に関して行われた事務管理若しくは生じた不当利得に係る請求、契約上の債務の不履行による損害賠償の請求その他契約上の債務に関する請求を目的とする訴え 契約において定められた当該債務の履行地が日本国内にあるとき、又は契約において選択された地の法によれば当該債務の履行地が日本国内にあるとき。
二 手形又は小切手による金銭の支払の請求を目的とする訴え 手形又は小切手の支払地が日本国内にあるとき。
三 財産権上の訴え 請求の目的が日本国内にあるとき、又は当該訴えが金銭の支払を請求するものである場合には差し押さえることができる被告の財産が日本国内にあるとき（その財産の価額が著しく低いときを除く。）。
四 事務所又は営業所を有する者に対する訴えでその事務所又は営業所における業務に関するもの 当該事務所又は営業所が日本国内にあるとき。
五 日本において事業を行う者（日本において取引を継続してする外国会社（会社法（平成十七年法律第八十六号）第二条第二号に規定する外国会社をいう。）を含む。）に対する訴え 当該訴えがその者の日本における業務に関するものであるとき。
六 船舶債権その他船舶を担保とする債権に基づく訴え 船舶が日本国内にあるとき。
七 会社その他の社団又は財団に関する訴えで次に掲げるもの 社団又は財団が法人である場合にはそれが日本の法令により設立されたものであるとき、法人でない場合にはその主たる事務所又は営業所が日本国内にあるとき。
イ 会社その他の社団からの社員若しくは社員であった者に対する訴え、社員からの社員若しくは社員であった者に対する訴え又は社員であった者からの社員に対する訴えで、社員としての資格に基づくもの
ロ 社団又は財団からの役員又は役員であった者に対する訴えで役員としての資格に基づくもの
ハ 会社からの発起人若しくは発起人であった者又は検査役若しくは検査役であった者に対する訴えで発起人又は検査役としての資格に基づくもの
ニ 会社その他の社団の債権者からの社員又は社員であった者に対する訴えで社員としての資格に基づくもの
八 不法行為に関する訴え 不法行為があった地が日本国内にあるとき（外国で行われた加害行為の結果が日本国内で発生した場合において、日本国内におけるその結果の発生が通常予見することのできないものであったときを除く。）。
九 船舶の衝突その他海上の事故に基づく損害賠償の訴え 損害を受けた船舶が最初に到達した地が日本国内にあるとき。
十 海難救助に関する訴え 海難救助があった地又は救助された船舶が最初に到達した地が日本国内にあるとき。
十一 不動産に関する訴え 不動産が日本国内にあるとき。
十二 相続権若しくは遺留分に関する訴え又は遺贈その他死亡によって効力を生ずべき行為に関する訴え 相続開始の時における被相続人の住所が日本国内にあるとき、住所がない場合又は住所が知れない場合には相続開始の時における被相続人の居所が日本国内にあるとき、居所がない場合又は居所が知れない場合には被相続人が相続開始の前に日本国内に住所を有していたとき（日本国内に最後に住所を有していた後に外国に住所を有していたときを除く。）。
十三 相続債権その他相続財産の負担に関する訴えで前号に掲げる訴えに該当しないもの 同号に定めるとき。
art-3-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-3/par-1
An action stated in each of the following items may be filed with the Japanese courts if the circumstances specified in that item apply:
(i) an action seeking the performance of a contractual obligation, or an action seeking a claim relating to benevolent intervention in another's affairs carried out, or unjust enrichment arising, in connection with a contractual obligation, a claim for damages for non-performance of a contractual obligation, or any other claim in connection with a contractual obligation if the place of performance of the obligation as specified in the contract is within Japan, or if the place of performance of the obligation is within Japan according to the law of the place selected in the contract.
(ii) an action seeking the payment of money based on a bill, note, or check if the place for payment of the bill, note, or check is within Japan.
(iii) an action involving property rights if the subject matter of the claim is within Japan, or, if the action seeks payment of money, if property of the defendant that can be seized is within Japan (excluding the case where the value of that property is extremely low).
(iv) an action against a person with an office or business office, which relates to the business conducted at that office or business office if that office or business office is within Japan.
(v) an action against a person who conducts business in Japan (including a foreign company (meaning a foreign company as prescribed in Article 2, item (ii) of the Companies Act (Act No. 86 of 2005)) that continuously engages in transactions in Japan) if the action relates to that person's business in Japan.
(vi) an action based on a ship claim or any other claim secured by a ship if the ship is within Japan.
(vii) an action of any of the following kinds concerning a company or any other association or foundation if the association or foundation is a corporation, when it has been established pursuant to laws and regulations of Japan, and if it is not a corporation, when its principal office or business office is within Japan.
(a) an action by a company or any other association against a member or former member, an action by a member against a member or former member, or an action by a former member against a member, that is based on the capacity as a member
(b) an action by an association or foundation against an officer or former officer that is based on the capacity as an officer
(c) an action by a company against an incorporator or former incorporator, or against an inspector or former inspector, that is based on the capacity as an incorporator or inspector
(d) an action by a creditor of a company or any other association against a member or former member that is based on the capacity as a member
(viii) an action involving a tort if the place where the tort occurred is within Japan (excluding the case where the result of a harmful act committed in a foreign country occurred within Japan and the occurrence of that result within Japan was something that could not ordinarily have been foreseen).
(ix) an action for damages based on a ship collision or any other maritime accident if the place where the damaged ship first arrived is within Japan.
(x) an action involving marine salvage if the place where the marine salvage occurred, or the place where the salvaged ship first arrived, is within Japan.
(xi) an action involving real property if the real property is within Japan.
(xii) an action involving the right of inheritance or the statutory reserved share, or an action involving a testamentary gift or any other act that is to take effect upon death if the decedent's domicile at the time of commencement of the inheritance is within Japan; if there is no domicile or the domicile is unknown, if the decedent's residence at the time of commencement of the inheritance is within Japan; and if there is no residence or the residence is unknown, if the decedent had a domicile within Japan before the commencement of the inheritance (excluding the case where the decedent had a domicile in a foreign country after last having a domicile within Japan).
(xiii) an action involving a claim against an inheritance or any other burden on inherited property that does not fall under the action stated in the preceding item in the case specified in that item.
machine translation, not official
### 第三条の四（消費者契約及び労働関係に関する訴えの管轄権） — (Jurisdiction over Actions Involving Consumer Contracts and Labor Relations)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-4
**第一項** 消費者（個人（事業として又は事業のために契約の当事者となる場合におけるものを除く。）をいう。以下同じ。）と事業者（法人その他の社団又は財団及び事業として又は事業のために契約の当事者となる場合における個人をいう。以下同じ。）との間で締結される契約（労働契約を除く。以下「消費者契約」という。）に関する消費者からの事業者に対する訴えは、訴えの提起の時又は消費者契約の締結の時における消費者の住所が日本国内にあるときは、日本の裁判所に提起することができる。
art-3-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-4/par-1
An action involving a contract concluded between a consumer (meaning an individual (except for an individual that becomes a party to a contract as a part of a business undertaking or for business purposes); the same applies below) and an enterprise (meaning a corporation or any other association or foundation or an individual that becomes a party to a contract as a part of a business undertaking or for business purposes; the same applies below) (this excludes a labor contract; referred to below as a "consumer contract"), which is brought by the consumer against the enterprise, may be filed with the Japanese courts if the consumer is domiciled in Japan at the time the action is filed or at the time the consumer contract is concluded.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 労働契約の存否その他の労働関係に関する事項について個々の労働者と事業主との間に生じた民事に関する紛争（以下「個別労働関係民事紛争」という。）に関する労働者からの事業主に対する訴えは、個別労働関係民事紛争に係る労働契約における労務の提供の地（その地が定まっていない場合にあっては、労働者を雇い入れた事業所の所在地）が日本国内にあるときは、日本の裁判所に提起することができる。
art-3-4/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-4/par-2
An action that an individual worker brings against an employer in connection with a dispute over a civil matter that arises between them over the existence or absence of a labor contract or any other matter that concerns their labor relationship (referred to below as a "civil dispute over an individual labor relationship") may be filed with the Japanese courts if the place for providing the labor under the labor contract subject to the dispute (or the locality of the place of business that hired the worker, if the place for providing the labor is not established) is within Japan.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 消費者契約に関する事業者からの消費者に対する訴え及び個別労働関係民事紛争に関する事業主からの労働者に対する訴えについては、前条の規定は、適用しない。
art-3-4/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-4/par-3
The provisions of the preceding Article do not apply to an action involving a consumer contract which is brought by an enterprise against a consumer, or an action involving a civil dispute over an individual labor relationship which is brought by an employer against a worker.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の五（管轄権の専属） — (Exclusive Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-5
**第一項** 会社法第七編第二章に規定する訴え（同章第四節及び第六節に規定するものを除く。）、一般社団法人及び一般財団法人に関する法律（平成十八年法律第四十八号）第六章第二節に規定する訴えその他これらの法令以外の日本の法令により設立された社団又は財団に関する訴えでこれらに準ずるものの管轄権は、日本の裁判所に専属する。
art-3-5/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-5/par-1
Actions prescribed in Part VII, Chapter II of the Companies Act (excluding those prescribed in Sections 4 and 6 of that Chapter), actions prescribed in Chapter VI, Section 2 of the Act on General Incorporated Associations and General Incorporated Foundations (Act No. 48 of 2006), and other equivalent actions equivalent involving associations or foundations incorporated pursuant to Japanese laws and regulations other than those Acts, are under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 登記又は登録に関する訴えの管轄権は、登記又は登録をすべき地が日本国内にあるときは、日本の裁判所に専属する。
art-3-5/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-5/par-2
An action related to a registration is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts if the place where the registration is to be made is within Japan.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 知的財産権（知的財産基本法（平成十四年法律第百二十二号）第二条第二項に規定する知的財産権をいう。）のうち設定の登録により発生するものの存否又は効力に関する訴えの管轄権は、その登録が日本においてされたものであるときは、日本の裁判所に専属する。
art-3-5/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-5/par-3
An action about the existence or absence or the validity of an intellectual property right (meaning an intellectual property right as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (2) of the Intellectual Property Basic Act (Act No. 122 of 2002)) that arises through a registration establishing that intellectual property right is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts if that registration was made in Japan.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の六（併合請求における管轄権） — (Jurisdiction over a Joint Claim)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-6
**第一項** 一の訴えで数個の請求をする場合において、日本の裁判所が一の請求について管轄権を有し、他の請求について管轄権を有しないときは、当該一の請求と他の請求との間に密接な関連があるときに限り、日本の裁判所にその訴えを提起することができる。ただし、数人からの又は数人に対する訴えについては、第三十八条前段に定める場合に限る。
art-3-6/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-6/par-1
If multiple claims are involved in a single action and the Japanese courts have jurisdiction over one of those claims and no jurisdiction over the others, the action may be filed with the Japanese courts only if the one claim is closely connected with the other claims; provided, however, that with regard to an action brought by multiple persons or an action brought against multiple persons, this applies only in the case specified in the first sentence of Article 38.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の七（管轄権に関する合意） — (Agreement on Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7
**第一項** 当事者は、合意により、いずれの国の裁判所に訴えを提起することができるかについて定めることができる。
art-3-7/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-1
Parties may establish, by agreement, the country in which they are permitted to file an action with the courts.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項の合意は、一定の法律関係に基づく訴えに関し、かつ、書面でしなければ、その効力を生じない。
art-3-7/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-2
An agreement as referred to in the preceding paragraph is not valid unless it is made regarding actions that are based on a specific legal relationship, and executed by means of a paper document.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 第一項の合意がその内容を記録した電磁的記録（電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。）によってされたときは、その合意は、書面によってされたものとみなして、前項の規定を適用する。
art-3-7/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-3
If electronic or magnetic records (meaning records used in computer data processing which are created in electronic form, magnetic form, or any other form that is otherwise impossible to perceive through the human senses alone; the same applies below) in which the content of an agreement as referred to in paragraph (1) is recorded are used to execute that agreement, the agreement is deemed to have been executed by means of a paper document and the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第四項** 外国の裁判所にのみ訴えを提起することができる旨の合意は、その裁判所が法律上又は事実上裁判権を行うことができないときは、これを援用することができない。
art-3-7/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-4
An agreement that an action may be filed only with the courts of a foreign country may not be invoked if those courts are unable to exercise jurisdiction by law or in fact.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第五項** 将来において生ずる消費者契約に関する紛争を対象とする第一項の合意は、次に掲げる場合に限り、その効力を有する。
art-3-7/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-5
An agreement as referred to in paragraph (1) which covers consumer contract disputes that may arise in the future is valid only in the following cases:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 消費者契約の締結の時において消費者が住所を有していた国の裁判所に訴えを提起することができる旨の合意（その国の裁判所にのみ訴えを提起することができる旨の合意については、次号に掲げる場合を除き、その国以外の国の裁判所にも訴えを提起することを妨げない旨の合意とみなす。）であるとき。
art-3-7/par-5/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-5/item-1
if the agreement provides that an action may be filed with the courts of the country where the consumer was domiciled at the time the consumer contract was concluded (except in the case stated in the following item, any agreement that an action may be filed only with a court of such a country is deemed not to preclude the filing of an action with a court of any other country);
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 消費者が当該合意に基づき合意された国の裁判所に訴えを提起したとき、又は事業者が日本若しくは外国の裁判所に訴えを提起した場合において、消費者が当該合意を援用したとき。
art-3-7/par-5/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-5/item-2
if the consumer, in accordance with that agreement, has filed an action with the courts of the agreed-upon country, or if an enterprise has filed an action with the Japanese courts or with the courts of a foreign country and the consumer has invoked that agreement.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第六項** 将来において生ずる個別労働関係民事紛争を対象とする第一項の合意は、次に掲げる場合に限り、その効力を有する。
art-3-7/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-6
An agreement as referred to in paragraph (1) which covers civil disputes over individual labor relationships that may arise in the future is valid only in the following cases:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 労働契約の終了の時にされた合意であって、その時における労務の提供の地がある国の裁判所に訴えを提起することができる旨を定めたもの（その国の裁判所にのみ訴えを提起することができる旨の合意については、次号に掲げる場合を除き、その国以外の国の裁判所にも訴えを提起することを妨げない旨の合意とみなす。）であるとき。
art-3-7/par-6/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-6/item-1
if the agreement is made at the time a labor contract ends, and establishes that an action may be filed with the courts of the country where the place that the labor was being provided as of that time is located (except in the case stated in the following item, an agreement that an action may be filed only with the courts of such a country is deemed not to preclude the filing of an action with the courts of any other country);
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 労働者が当該合意に基づき合意された国の裁判所に訴えを提起したとき、又は事業主が日本若しくは外国の裁判所に訴えを提起した場合において、労働者が当該合意を援用したとき。
art-3-7/par-6/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-6/item-2
if the worker, in accordance with that agreement, files an action with the courts of the agreed-upon country; or if the enterprise files an action with the Japanese courts or with the courts of a foreign country and the worker invokes that agreement.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の八（応訴による管轄権） — (Jurisdiction Based on Appearance)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-8
**第一項** 被告が日本の裁判所が管轄権を有しない旨の抗弁を提出しないで本案について弁論をし、又は弁論準備手続において申述をしたときは、裁判所は、管轄権を有する。
art-3-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-8/par-1
If the defendant presents an oral argument on the merits of the case or enters a statement in preparatory proceedings without entering the affirmative defense that the Japanese courts lack jurisdiction, the courts have jurisdiction.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の九（特別の事情による訴えの却下） — (Denial Due to Special Circumstances)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-9
**第一項** 裁判所は、訴えについて日本の裁判所が管轄権を有することとなる場合（日本の裁判所にのみ訴えを提起することができる旨の合意に基づき訴えが提起された場合を除く。）においても、事案の性質、応訴による被告の負担の程度、証拠の所在地その他の事情を考慮して、日本の裁判所が審理及び裁判をすることが当事者間の衡平を害し、又は適正かつ迅速な審理の実現を妨げることとなる特別の事情があると認めるときは、その訴えの全部又は一部を却下することができる。
art-3-9/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-9/par-1
Even when the Japanese courts have jurisdiction over an action (unless an action is filed based on an agreement that only permits an action to be filed with the Japanese courts), the court may deny the whole or part of an action if it finds that there are special circumstances because of which, if the Japanese courts were to conduct a trial and reach a judicial decision in the action, it would be inequitable to either party or prevent a fair and speedy trial, in consideration of the nature of the case, the degree of burden that the defendant would have to bear in responding to the action, the location of evidence, and other circumstances.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の十（管轄権が専属する場合の適用除外） — (Exclusion from Application in the Case of Exclusive Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-10
**第一項** 第三条の二から第三条の四まで及び第三条の六から前条までの規定は、訴えについて法令に日本の裁判所の管轄権の専属に関する定めがある場合には、適用しない。
art-3-10/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-10/par-1
The provisions of Articles 3-2 through 3-4 and Articles 3-6 through the preceding Article do not apply if laws or regulations provide for the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts over the action in question.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の十一（職権証拠調べ） — (Examination of Evidence by the Court Sua Sponte)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-11 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-11
**第一項** 裁判所は、日本の裁判所の管轄権に関する事項について、職権で証拠調べをすることができる。
art-3-11/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-11/par-1
A court may conduct an examination of the evidence sua sponte with regard to matters that concern the jurisdiction of the Japanese courts.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三条の十二（管轄権の標準時） — (Basis of Timing for Determining Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-3-12 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-12
**第一項** 日本の裁判所の管轄権は、訴えの提起の時を標準として定める。
art-3-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-12/par-1
Whether the Japanese courts have jurisdiction is determined on the basis of the time at which an action is filed.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
## 第二節 管轄 — Section 2 Jurisdiction
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
pt-1/ch-2/sec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#pt-1/ch-2/sec-2
### 第四条（普通裁判籍による管轄） — (Jurisdiction by General Venue)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
**第一項** 訴えは、被告の普通裁判籍の所在地を管轄する裁判所の管轄に属する。
art-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-1
An action is subject to the jurisdiction of the court of jurisdiction in the locality that constitutes the general venue for an action against the defendant.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 人の普通裁判籍は、住所により、日本国内に住所がないとき又は住所が知れないときは居所により、日本国内に居所がないとき又は居所が知れないときは最後の住所により定まる。
art-4/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-2
The general venue for an action against a natural person is determined by the person's domicile; by the person's residence, if the person is not domiciled in Japan or is of domicile unknown; or by the person's last domicile in Japan, if the person does not have a residence in Japan or is of residence unknown.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 大使、公使その他外国に在ってその国の裁判権からの免除を享有する日本人が前項の規定により普通裁判籍を有しないときは、その者の普通裁判籍は、最高裁判所規則で定める地にあるものとする。
art-4/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-3
If there is no general venue pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph for an action against an ambassador, minister, or any other Japanese national in a foreign country who enjoys immunity from the jurisdiction of that country, the general venue for an action against that person is deemed to be the general venue in the locality specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第四項** 法人その他の社団又は財団の普通裁判籍は、その主たる事務所又は営業所により、事務所又は営業所がないときは代表者その他の主たる業務担当者の住所により定まる。
art-4/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-4
The general venue for an action against a corporation or any other association or foundation is determined by the location of its principal office or business office; or by the domicile of its representative or any other principal person in charge of its business, if it has no business office or other office.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第五項** 外国の社団又は財団の普通裁判籍は、前項の規定にかかわらず、日本における主たる事務所又は営業所により、日本国内に事務所又は営業所がないときは日本における代表者その他の主たる業務担当者の住所により定まる。
art-4/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-5
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the general venue for an action against a foreign association or foundation is determined by the location of its principal office or business office in Japan; or by the domicile of its representative or any other principal person in charge of its business in Japan, if it has no business office or other office in Japan.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第六項** 国の普通裁判籍は、訴訟について国を代表する官庁の所在地により定まる。
art-4/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-6
The general venue for an action against the State is determined by the location of the government agency that represents the State in the litigation.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第五条（財産権上の訴え等についての管轄） — (Jurisdiction over an Action Involving Property Rights)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
**第一項** 次の各号に掲げる訴えは、それぞれ当該各号に定める地を管轄する裁判所に提起することができる。
一 財産権上の訴え 義務履行地
二 手形又は小切手による金銭の支払の請求を目的とする訴え 手形又は小切手の支払地
三 船員に対する財産権上の訴え 船舶の船籍の所在地
四 日本国内に住所（法人にあっては、事務所又は営業所。以下この号において同じ。）がない者又は住所が知れない者に対する財産権上の訴え 請求若しくはその担保の目的又は差し押さえることができる被告の財産の所在地
五 事務所又は営業所を有する者に対する訴えでその事務所又は営業所における業務に関するもの 当該事務所又は営業所の所在地
六 船舶所有者その他船舶を利用する者に対する船舶又は航海に関する訴え 船舶の船籍の所在地
七 船舶債権その他船舶を担保とする債権に基づく訴え 船舶の所在地
八 会社その他の社団又は財団に関する訴えで次に掲げるもの
イ 会社その他の社団からの社員若しくは社員であった者に対する訴え、社員からの社員若しくは社員であった者に対する訴え又は社員であった者からの社員に対する訴えで、社員としての資格に基づくもの
ロ 社団又は財団からの役員又は役員であった者に対する訴えで役員としての資格に基づくもの
ハ 会社からの発起人若しくは発起人であった者又は検査役若しくは検査役であった者に対する訴えで発起人又は検査役としての資格に基づくもの
ニ 会社その他の社団の債権者からの社員又は社員であった者に対する訴えで社員としての資格に基づくもの 社団又は財団の普通裁判籍の所在地
九 不法行為に関する訴え 不法行為があった地
十 船舶の衝突その他海上の事故に基づく損害賠償の訴え 損害を受けた船舶が最初に到達した地
十一 海難救助に関する訴え 海難救助があった地又は救助された船舶が最初に到達した地
十二 不動産に関する訴え 不動産の所在地
十三 登記又は登録に関する訴え 登記又は登録をすべき地
十四 相続権若しくは遺留分に関する訴え又は遺贈その他死亡によって効力を生ずべき行為に関する訴え 相続開始の時における被相続人の普通裁判籍の所在地
十五 相続債権その他相続財産の負担に関する訴えで前号に掲げる訴えに該当しないもの 同号に定める地
art-5/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5/par-1
An action stated in each of the following items may be filed with the court of jurisdiction in the place specified in that item:
(i) an action involving property rights the place of performance of the obligation
(ii) an action seeking the payment of money based on a bill, note, or check the place for payment of the bill, note, or check
(iii) an action involving property rights against a seafarer the location of the ship's port of registry
(iv) an action involving property rights against a person without a domicile (meaning an office or business office, in the case of a corporation; the same applies below in this item) in Japan or of unknown domicile the location of the subject matter of the claim or of the security for it, or of property of the defendant that can be seized
(v) an action against a person with an office or business office, which relates to the business conducted at that office or business office the location of that office or business office
(vi) an action concerning a ship or a voyage against a ship owner or any other person who uses a ship the location of the ship's port of registry
(vii) an action based on a ship claim or any other claim secured by a ship the location of the ship
(viii) an action of any of the following kinds concerning a company or any other association or foundation:
(a) an action by a company or any other association against a member or former member, an action by a member against a member or former member, or an action by a former member against a member, that is based on the capacity as a member
(b) an action by an association or foundation against an officer or former officer that is based on the capacity as an officer
(c) an action by a company against an incorporator or former incorporator, or against an inspector or former inspector, that is based on the capacity as an incorporator or inspector
(d) an action by a creditor of a company or any other association against a member or former member that is based on the capacity as a member the location of the general venue of the association or foundation
(ix) an action involving a tort the place where the tort occurred
(x) an action for damages based on a ship collision or any other maritime accident the place where the damaged ship first arrived
(xi) an action involving marine salvage the place where the marine salvage occurred or the place where the salvaged ship first arrived
(xii) an action involving real property the location of the real property
(xiii) an action involving a registration or record the place where the registration or record is to be made
(xiv) an action involving the right of inheritance or the statutory reserved share, or an action involving a testamentary gift or any other act that is to take effect upon death the location of the decedent's general venue at the time of commencement of the inheritance
(xv) an action involving a claim against an inheritance or any other burden on inherited property that does not fall under the action stated in the preceding item the place specified in that item
machine translation, not official
### 第六条（特許権等に関する訴え等の管轄） — (Jurisdiction over Prescribed IP Actions)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6
**第一項** 特許権、実用新案権、回路配置利用権又はプログラムの著作物についての著作者の権利に関する訴え（以下「特許権等に関する訴え」という。）について、前二条の規定によれば次の各号に掲げる裁判所が管轄権を有すべき場合には、その訴えは、それぞれ当該各号に定める裁判所の管轄に専属する。
art-6/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1
In an action involving a patent right, utility model right, a layout-design exploitation right for an integrated circuit, or an author's right to a work of computer programming (referred to below as a "prescribed IP action"), if a court listed in the first portion of either of the following items would have jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two Articles, the action is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the court specified in the latter portion of that item:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 東京高等裁判所、名古屋高等裁判所、仙台高等裁判所又は札幌高等裁判所の管轄区域内に所在する地方裁判所 東京地方裁判所
art-6/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1/item-1
a district court located within the territorial jurisdiction of the Tokyo High Court, the Nagoya High Court, the Sendai High Court, or the Sapporo High Court:the Tokyo District Court;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 大阪高等裁判所、広島高等裁判所、福岡高等裁判所又は高松高等裁判所の管轄区域内に所在する地方裁判所 大阪地方裁判所
art-6/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1/item-2
a district court located within the territorial jurisdiction of the Osaka High Court, the Hiroshima High Court, the Fukuoka High Court, or the Takamatsu High Court:the Osaka District Court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 特許権等に関する訴えについて、前二条の規定により前項各号に掲げる裁判所の管轄区域内に所在する簡易裁判所が管轄権を有する場合には、それぞれ当該各号に定める裁判所にも、その訴えを提起することができる。
art-6/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-2
In a prescribed IP action, if a summary court located within the territorial jurisdiction of a court listed in the first portion of one of the items of the preceding paragraph would have jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two Articles, the action may also be filed with the court specified in the latter portion of that item.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 第一項第二号に定める裁判所が第一審としてした特許権等に関する訴えについての終局判決に対する控訴は、東京高等裁判所の管轄に専属する。ただし、第二十条の二第一項の規定により移送された訴訟に係る訴えについての終局判決に対する控訴については、この限りでない。
art-6/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-3
An appeal to the court of second instance against a final judgment that the court specified in paragraph (1), item (ii) has entered as the court of first instance in a prescribed IP action, is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Tokyo High Court; provided, however, that this does not apply to an appeal to the court of second instance against a final judgment in an action if litigation has been transferred pursuant to the provisions of Article 20-2, paragraph (1).
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第六条の二（意匠権等に関する訴えの管轄） — (Jurisdiction over an Action Involving a Design Right)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-6-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2
**第一項** 意匠権、商標権、著作者の権利（プログラムの著作物についての著作者の権利を除く。）、出版権、著作隣接権若しくは育成者権に関する訴え又は不正競争（不正競争防止法（平成五年法律第四十七号）第二条第一項に規定する不正競争又は家畜遺伝資源に係る不正競争の防止に関する法律（令和二年法律第二十二号）第二条第三項に規定する不正競争をいう。）による営業上の利益の侵害に係る訴えについて、第四条又は第五条の規定により次の各号に掲げる裁判所が管轄権を有する場合には、それぞれ当該各号に定める裁判所にも、その訴えを提起することができる。
art-6-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2/par-1
With regard to an action involving design rights, trademark rights, author's rights (excluding author's rights to a work of computer programming), publishing rights, neighboring rights, or breeder's rights, or an action for infringement of a business interest due to unfair competition (meaning unfair competition as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act (Act No. 47 of 1993) or unfair competition as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act for the Prevention of Unfair Competition Involving Genetic Resources from Livestock (Act No. 22 of 2020)), if a court listed in the first portion of either of the following items has jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of Article 4 or Article 5, the action may also be filed with the court specified in the latter portion of that item:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 前条第一項第一号に掲げる裁判所（東京地方裁判所を除く。） 東京地方裁判所
art-6-2/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2/par-1/item-1
a court stated in paragraph (1), item (i) of the preceding Article (other than the Tokyo District Court):the Tokyo District Court;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 前条第一項第二号に掲げる裁判所（大阪地方裁判所を除く。） 大阪地方裁判所
art-6-2/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2/par-1/item-2
a court stated in paragraph (1), item (ii) of the preceding Article (other than the Osaka District Court):the Osaka District Court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第七条（併合請求における管轄） — (Jurisdiction over a Joint Claim)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-7
**第一項** 一の訴えで数個の請求をする場合には、第四条から前条まで（第六条第三項を除く。）の規定により一の請求について管轄権を有する裁判所にその訴えを提起することができる。ただし、数人からの又は数人に対する訴えについては、第三十八条前段に定める場合に限る。
art-7/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-7/par-1
If multiple claims are involved in a single action, the action may be filed with a court that, pursuant to the provisions of Article 4 through the preceding Article (excluding Article 6, paragraph (3)), has jurisdiction over one of those claims; provided, however, that with regard to an action brought by two or more persons or an action brought against two or more persons, this applies only in the case specified in the first sentence of Article 38.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第八条（訴訟の目的の価額の算定） — (Calculation of the Value of the Subject Matter of Litigation)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-8
**第一項** 裁判所法（昭和二十二年法律第五十九号）の規定により管轄が訴訟の目的の価額により定まるときは、その価額は、訴えで主張する利益によって算定する。
art-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-8/par-1
If jurisdiction is determined by the value of the subject matter of litigation pursuant to the Court Act (Act No. 59 of 1947), the value is calculated on the basis of the interest alleged in the action.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項の価額を算定することができないとき、又は極めて困難であるときは、その価額は百四十万円を超えるものとみなす。
art-8/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-8/par-2
If it is impossible or extremely difficult to calculate the value referred to in the preceding paragraph, the value is deemed to exceed 1,400,000 yen.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第九条（併合請求の場合の価額の算定） — (Calculation of the Value in a Joint Claim)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-9
**第一項** 一の訴えで数個の請求をする場合には、その価額を合算したものを訴訟の目的の価額とする。ただし、その訴えで主張する利益が各請求について共通である場合におけるその各請求については、この限りでない。
art-9/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-9/par-1
If multiple claims are involved in a single action, the total value of the claims is the value of the subject matter of litigation; provided, however, that this does not apply to each claim if the interest alleged in the action is common to all claims.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 果実、損害賠償、違約金又は費用の請求が訴訟の附帯の目的であるときは、その価額は、訴訟の目的の価額に算入しない。
art-9/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-9/par-2
If a claim upon the fruits of something or a claim for damages, penalties, or expenses is an incidental subject matter of litigation, its value is not included in the calculation of the value of the subject matter of the litigation.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十条（管轄裁判所の指定） — (Designation of the Court of Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10
**第一項** 管轄裁判所が法律上又は事実上裁判権を行うことができないときは、その裁判所の直近上級の裁判所は、申立てにより、決定で、管轄裁判所を定める。
art-10/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10/par-1
If the court of jurisdiction is unable to exercise its jurisdiction by law or in fact, the immediate superior court issues a ruling designating the court of jurisdiction, upon petition.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 裁判所の管轄区域が明確でないため管轄裁判所が定まらないときは、関係のある裁判所に共通する直近上級の裁判所は、申立てにより、決定で、管轄裁判所を定める。
art-10/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10/par-2
If the court of jurisdiction cannot be determined due to ill-defined territorial jurisdictions among the courts, the immediate superior court common to the relevant courts issues a ruling designating the court of jurisdiction, upon petition.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 前二項の決定に対しては、不服を申し立てることができない。
art-10/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10/par-3
No appeal may be entered against the ruling stated in the preceding two paragraphs.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十条の二（管轄裁判所の特例） — (Special Provisions on the Court of Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-10-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10-2
**第一項** 前節の規定により日本の裁判所が管轄権を有する訴えについて、この法律の他の規定又は他の法令の規定により管轄裁判所が定まらないときは、その訴えは、最高裁判所規則で定める地を管轄する裁判所の管轄に属する。
art-10-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10-2/par-1
With regard to an action over which the Japanese courts have jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Section, if the court of jurisdiction is not determined pursuant to other provisions of this Code or provisions of other laws and regulations, the action is under the jurisdiction of the court of jurisdiction in the locality specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十一条（管轄の合意） — (Agreement on Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-11 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
**第一項** 当事者は、第一審に限り、合意により管轄裁判所を定めることができる。
art-11/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-1
The parties may determine the court of jurisdiction by agreement, but only in the first instance.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項の合意は、一定の法律関係に基づく訴えに関し、かつ、書面でしなければ、その効力を生じない。
art-11/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-2
An agreement as referred to in the preceding paragraph is not valid unless it is made regarding actions that are based on a specific legal relationship, and executed by means of a paper document.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 第一項の合意がその内容を記録した電磁的記録によってされたときは、その合意は、書面によってされたものとみなして、前項の規定を適用する。
art-11/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-3
If electronic or magnetic records in which the content of an agreement as referred to in paragraph (1) is recorded are used to execute that agreement, the agreement is deemed to have been executed by means of a paper document and the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十二条（応訴管轄） — (Jurisdiction by Appearance)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-12 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-12
**第一項** 被告が第一審裁判所において管轄違いの抗弁を提出しないで本案について弁論をし、又は弁論準備手続において申述をしたときは、その裁判所は、管轄権を有する。
art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-12/par-1
If a defendant presents an oral argument on the merits of the case or enters a statement in preparatory proceedings before the court of first instance without entering a defense of lack of jurisdiction, that court has jurisdiction.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十三条（専属管轄の場合の適用除外等） — (Exclusion from Application Due to Exclusive Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-13 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-13
**第一項** 第四条第一項、第五条、第六条第二項、第六条の二、第七条及び前二条の規定は、訴えについて法令に専属管轄の定めがある場合には、適用しない。
art-13/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-13/par-1
The provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1); Article 5; Article 6, paragraph (2); Article 6-2; Article 7; and the preceding two Articles do not apply if exclusive jurisdiction over an action is provided for by law or regulation.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 特許権等に関する訴えについて、第七条又は前二条の規定によれば第六条第一項各号に定める裁判所が管轄権を有すべき場合には、前項の規定にかかわらず、第七条又は前二条の規定により、その裁判所は、管轄権を有する。
art-13/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-13/par-2
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if a court provided for in the first part of either of the items of Article 6, paragraph (1) is to have jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of Article 7 or the preceding two Articles over a prescribed IP action, that court has jurisdiction over the action, pursuant to the provisions of Article 7 or the preceding two Articles.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十四条（職権証拠調べ） — (Examination of Evidence by the Court Sua Sponte)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-14 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-14
**第一項** 裁判所は、管轄に関する事項について、職権で証拠調べをすることができる。
art-14/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-14/par-1
The court may conduct an examination of evidence sua sponte with regard to matters that concern jurisdiction.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十五条（管轄の標準時） — (Basis of Timing for Determining Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-15 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-15
**第一項** 裁判所の管轄は、訴えの提起の時を標準として定める。
art-15/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-15/par-1
Whether a court has jurisdiction is determined on the basis of the time at which an action is filed.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十六条（管轄違いの場合の取扱い） — (Handling of Lack of Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-16 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-16
**第一項** 裁判所は、訴訟の全部又は一部がその管轄に属しないと認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、これを管轄裁判所に移送する。
art-16/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-16/par-1
If the court finds that the whole or part of litigation is not subject to its jurisdiction, it transfers the litigation sua sponte to the court of jurisdiction.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 地方裁判所は、訴訟がその管轄区域内の簡易裁判所の管轄に属する場合においても、相当と認めるときは、前項の規定にかかわらず、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の全部又は一部について自ら審理及び裁判をすることができる。ただし、訴訟がその簡易裁判所の専属管轄（当事者が第十一条の規定により合意で定めたものを除く。）に属する場合は、この限りでない。
art-16/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-16/par-2
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, even if the litigation is subject to the jurisdiction of a summary court that is under its territorial jurisdiction, the district court, upon petition or sua sponte, may conduct the trial and reach a judicial decision itself for the whole or part of the litigation, if it finds this to be appropriate; provided, however, that this does not apply if the litigation is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of such a summary court (excluding exclusive jurisdiction determined by an agreement between the parties pursuant to the provisions of Article 11).
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十七条（遅滞を避ける等のための移送） — (Transfer to Avoid Delay)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-17 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-17
**第一項** 第一審裁判所は、訴訟がその管轄に属する場合においても、当事者及び尋問を受けるべき証人の住所、使用すべき検証物の所在地その他の事情を考慮して、訴訟の著しい遅滞を避け、又は当事者間の衡平を図るため必要があると認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の全部又は一部を他の管轄裁判所に移送することができる。
art-17/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-17/par-1
Even if the litigation is subject to its jurisdiction, the court of first instance, upon petition or sua sponte, may transfer the whole or part of the litigation to another court of jurisdiction if it finds this to be necessary in order to avoid a substantial delay in litigation or to ensure equity between the parties, in consideration of the domicile of each party and witnesses to be examined, the location of any object to be inspected that is to be used, and any other circumstances.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十八条（簡易裁判所の裁量移送） — (Discretionary Transfer by the Summary Court)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-18 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-18
**第一項** 簡易裁判所は、訴訟がその管轄に属する場合においても、相当と認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の全部又は一部をその所在地を管轄する地方裁判所に移送することができる。
art-18/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-18/par-1
Even if the litigation is subject to its jurisdiction, a summary court, upon petition or sua sponte, may transfer the whole or part of litigation to the district court of jurisdiction in that locality, if it finds this to be appropriate.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第十九条（必要的移送） — (Mandatory Transfer)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-19 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19
**第一項** 第一審裁判所は、訴訟がその管轄に属する場合においても、当事者の申立て及び相手方の同意があるときは、訴訟の全部又は一部を申立てに係る地方裁判所又は簡易裁判所に移送しなければならない。ただし、移送により著しく訴訟手続を遅滞させることとなるとき、又はその申立てが、簡易裁判所からその所在地を管轄する地方裁判所への移送の申立て以外のものであって、被告が本案について弁論をし、若しくは弁論準備手続において申述をした後にされたものであるときは、この限りでない。
art-19/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19/par-1
If a party petitions and the adverse party consents, the court of first instance must transfer the whole or part of litigation to the district court or summary court under that petition, even if the litigation is subject to its jurisdiction; provided, however, that this does not apply if the transfer would substantially delay litigation proceedings or if the petition is filed after the defendant has presented an oral argument on the merits of the case or entered a statement in preparatory proceedings, and if the petition is not for a transfer from the summary court to the district court of jurisdiction in that locality.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 簡易裁判所は、その管轄に属する不動産に関する訴訟につき被告の申立てがあるときは、訴訟の全部又は一部をその所在地を管轄する地方裁判所に移送しなければならない。ただし、その申立ての前に被告が本案について弁論をした場合は、この限りでない。
art-19/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19/par-2
At the petition of the defendant in litigation involving real property that is under the jurisdiction of the summary court, the summary court must transfer the whole or part of litigation to the district court of jurisdiction in that locality; provided, however, that this does not apply if the defendant has presented an oral argument on the merits of the case before filing that petition.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十条（専属管轄の場合の移送の制限） — (Restriction on Transfer If There Is Exclusive Jurisdiction)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-20 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20
**第一項** 前三条の規定は、訴訟がその係属する裁判所の専属管轄（当事者が第十一条の規定により合意で定めたものを除く。）に属する場合には、適用しない。
art-20/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20/par-1
The provisions of the preceding three Articles do not apply if the litigation is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the court before which it is pending (except exclusive jurisdiction determined by an agreement between the parties pursuant to the provisions of Article 11).
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 特許権等に関する訴えに係る訴訟について、第十七条又は前条第一項の規定によれば第六条第一項各号に定める裁判所に移送すべき場合には、前項の規定にかかわらず、第十七条又は前条第一項の規定を適用する。
art-20/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20/par-2
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if litigation in a prescribed IP action is to be transferred to a court specified in either item of Article 6, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of Article 17 or paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the provisions of Article 17 or paragraph (1) of the preceding Article apply.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十条の二（特許権等に関する訴え等に係る訴訟の移送） — (Transfer of Litigation in a Prescribed IP Action)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-20-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20-2
**第一項** 第六条第一項各号に定める裁判所は、特許権等に関する訴えに係る訴訟が同項の規定によりその管轄に専属する場合においても、当該訴訟において審理すべき専門技術的事項を欠くことその他の事情により著しい損害又は遅滞を避けるため必要があると認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の全部又は一部を第四条、第五条若しくは第十一条の規定によれば管轄権を有すべき地方裁判所又は第十九条第一項の規定によれば移送を受けるべき地方裁判所に移送することができる。
art-20-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20-2/par-1
Even if the litigation in a prescribed IP action is under the exclusive jurisdiction of a court specified in either item of Article 6, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of the same paragraph, the court, upon petition or sua sponte, may transfer the whole or part of litigation to the district court that has jurisdiction pursuant to the provisions of Article 4, 5, or 11 or the district court that must accept litigation transferred to it pursuant to the provisions of Article 19, paragraph (1), if the court finds this to be necessary in order to avoid substantial harm or delay due to its lack of ability to try a specialized and technical matter that is to be tried through the litigation, or due to other circumstances.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 東京高等裁判所は、第六条第三項の控訴が提起された場合において、その控訴審において審理すべき専門技術的事項を欠くことその他の事情により著しい損害又は遅滞を避けるため必要があると認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、訴訟の全部又は一部を大阪高等裁判所に移送することができる。
art-20-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20-2/par-2
At the filing an appeal to the court of second instance as mentioned in Article 6, paragraph (3), the Tokyo High Court, upon petition or sua sponte, may transfer the whole or part of litigation to the Osaka High Court, if it finds this to be necessary in order to avoid substantial harm or delay due to its lack of ability to try a specialized and technical matter that is to be tried by the court of second instance, or due to other circumstances.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十一条（即時抗告） — (Immediate Appeals)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-21 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-21
**第一項** 移送の決定及び移送の申立てを却下した決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
art-21/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-21/par-1
An immediate appeal may be filed against a ruling to transfer litigation or a ruling to deny a petition for transfer.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十二条（移送の裁判の拘束力等） — (Binding Effect of a Judicial Decision for a Transfer)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-22 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-22
**第一項** 確定した移送の裁判は、移送を受けた裁判所を拘束する。
art-22/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-22/par-1
A judicial decision for a transfer which has become final and binding is binding on the court that has accepted the transferred case.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 移送を受けた裁判所は、更に事件を他の裁判所に移送することができない。
art-22/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-22/par-2
The court that has accepted a transferred case may not further transfer the case to another court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 移送の裁判が確定したときは、訴訟は、初めから移送を受けた裁判所に係属していたものとみなす。
art-22/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-22/par-3
Once a judicial decision for a transfer becomes final and binding, the litigation is deemed to have been pending before the court to which it has been transferred since it was first brought to the initial court.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
## 第三節 裁判所職員の除斥及び忌避 — Section 3 Disqualifying or Challenging a Court Official
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
pt-1/ch-2/sec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#pt-1/ch-2/sec-3
### 第二十三条（裁判官の除斥） — (Disqualifying a Judge)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-23 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23
**第一項** 裁判官は、次に掲げる場合には、その職務の執行から除斥される。ただし、第六号に掲げる場合にあっては、他の裁判所の嘱託により受託裁判官としてその職務を行うことを妨げない。
art-23/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1
In the following cases, a judge is disqualified from performing the duties of a judge; provided, however, that in the case stated in item (vi), this does not preclude a judge from performing duties as a commissioned judge based on a commission from another court:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 裁判官又はその配偶者若しくは配偶者であった者が、事件の当事者であるとき、又は事件について当事者と共同権利者、共同義務者若しくは償還義務者の関係にあるとき。
art-23/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-1
if the judge, or the judge's spouse or former spouse, is a party to the case, or is related to a party to the case as a joint obligee, joint obligor, or obligor for redemption;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 裁判官が当事者の四親等内の血族、三親等内の姻族若しくは同居の親族であるとき、又はあったとき。
art-23/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-2
if the judge is or was formerly the relative of a party to the case within the fourth degree of consanguinity or the third degree of affinity, or is or was formerly the cohabiting relative of a party to the case;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**三** 裁判官が当事者の未成年後見人、未成年後見監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。
art-23/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-3
if the judge is the guardian of a minor, supervisor of a minor's guardian, assistant, or assistantship supervisor of a party to the case;
machine translation, not official
**四** 裁判官が事件について証人又は鑑定人となったとき。
art-23/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-4
if the judge becomes a witness or expert in the case;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**五** 裁判官が事件について当事者の代理人又は補佐人であるとき、又はあったとき。
art-23/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-5
if a judge is or was formerly a party's representative or assistant in court in the case;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**六** 裁判官が事件について仲裁判断に関与し、又は不服を申し立てられた前審の裁判に関与したとき。
art-23/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-6
if the judge participated in granting an arbitral award in the case or participated in reaching the judicial decision in the prior instance against which an appeal has been entered.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項に規定する除斥の原因があるときは、裁判所は、申立てにより又は職権で、除斥の裁判をする。
art-23/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-2
If any of the grounds for disqualification prescribed in the preceding paragraph exist, the court, upon petition or sua sponte, reaches a judicial decision to disqualify.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十四条（裁判官の忌避） — (Challenging a Judge)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-24 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-24
**第一項** 裁判官について裁判の公正を妨げるべき事情があるときは、当事者は、その裁判官を忌避することができる。
art-24/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-24/par-1
If there are circumstances involving a judge which could prejudice the impartiality of a judicial decision, a party may challenge that judge.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 当事者は、裁判官の面前において弁論をし、又は弁論準備手続において申述をしたときは、その裁判官を忌避することができない。ただし、忌避の原因があることを知らなかったとき、又は忌避の原因がその後に生じたときは、この限りでない。
art-24/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-24/par-2
Once a party has presented an oral argument or entered a statement in preparatory proceedings before a judge, the party may not challenge that judge; provided, however, that this does not apply if the party did not know of the existence of any grounds for challenge at that time or if the grounds for the challenge occur thereafter.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十五条（除斥又は忌避の裁判） — (Judicial Decisions Regarding a Disqualification or Challenge)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-25 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25
**第一項** 合議体の構成員である裁判官及び地方裁判所の一人の裁判官の除斥又は忌避についてはその裁判官の所属する裁判所が、簡易裁判所の裁判官の除斥又は忌避についてはその裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所が、決定で、裁判をする。
art-25/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-1
The judicial decision on the disqualification of or challenge against a judge who is a member of a judicial panel or against a single district court judge is reached in the form of a ruling by the court to which the judge belongs, and the judicial decision on the disqualification of or challenge against a summary court judge is reached in the form of a ruling by the district court of jurisdiction in that locality.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 地方裁判所における前項の裁判は、合議体でする。
art-25/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-2
In the district court, the judicial decision referred to in the preceding paragraph is reached by a judicial panel.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 裁判官は、その除斥又は忌避についての裁判に関与することができない。
art-25/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-3
A judge may not be involved in a judicial decision on that judge's own disqualification or on a challenge against that judge.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第四項** 除斥又は忌避を理由があるとする決定に対しては、不服を申し立てることができない。
art-25/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-4
No appeal may be entered against a ruling finding grounds for disqualification or challenge.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第五項** 除斥又は忌避を理由がないとする決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
art-25/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-5
An immediate appeal may be filed against a ruling finding there to be no grounds for disqualification or challenge.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十六条（訴訟手続の停止） — (Stay of Litigation Proceedings)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-26 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-26
**第一項** 除斥又は忌避の申立てがあったときは、その申立てについての決定が確定するまで訴訟手続を停止しなければならない。ただし、急速を要する行為については、この限りでない。
art-26/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-26/par-1
If a petition to disqualify or challenge is filed, litigation proceedings must be stayed until the ruling on the petition becomes final and binding; provided, however, that this does not apply with respect to any act requiring urgency.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第二十七条（裁判所書記官への準用） — (Mutatis Mutandis Application to Court Clerks)
caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
art-27 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-27
**第一項** この節の規定は、裁判所書記官について準用する。この場合においては、裁判は、裁判所書記官の所属する裁判所がする。
art-27/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-27/par-1
The provisions of this Section apply mutatis mutandis to court clerks. This being the case, the judicial decision is reached by the court to which the court clerk belongs.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
---
## Cites
- art-3-2/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の二第一項 (Article 3-2, paragraph (1)), art-3-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2/par-1
- art-3-3/par-1: 会社法（平成十七年法律第八十六号）第二条第二号 → 会社法 第二条第一項第二号 (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-2/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-2/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-2/par-1/item-2
- art-3-4/par-3: 前条 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の三 (Article 3-3), art-3-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-3
- art-3-5/par-3: 知的財産基本法（平成十四年法律第百二十二号）第二条第二項 → e-Gov law 414AC0000000122, 第二条第二項 (Article 2, paragraph (2)), art-2/par-2 — not held in this collection
- art-3-6/par-1: 第三十八条 → 民事訴訟法 第三十八条 (Article 38), art-38 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-28#art-38
- art-3-7/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第一項 (Article 3-7, paragraph (1)), art-3-7/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-1
- art-3-7/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第一項 (Article 3-7, paragraph (1)), art-3-7/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-1
- art-3-7/par-3: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第二項 (Article 3-7, paragraph (2)), art-3-7/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-2
- art-3-7/par-5: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第一項 (Article 3-7, paragraph (1)), art-3-7/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-1
- art-3-7/par-5/item-1: 次号 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第五項第二号 (Article 3-7, paragraph (5), item (ii)), art-3-7/par-5/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-5/item-2
- art-3-7/par-6: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第一項 (Article 3-7, paragraph (1)), art-3-7/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-1
- art-3-7/par-6/item-1: 次号 → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七第六項第二号 (Article 3-7, paragraph (6), item (ii)), art-3-7/par-6/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7/par-6/item-2
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の二から第三条の四まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の二 (Article 3-2), art-3-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-2
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の二から第三条の四まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の三 (Article 3-3), art-3-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-3
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の二から第三条の四まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の四 (Article 3-4), art-3-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-4
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の六から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の六 (Article 3-6), art-3-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-6
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の六から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の七 (Article 3-7), art-3-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2#art-3-7
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の六から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の八 (Article 3-8), art-3-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-8
- art-3-10/par-1: 第三条の六から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第三条の九 (Article 3-9), art-3-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-3-9
- art-4/par-3: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第四条第二項 (Article 4, paragraph (2)), art-4/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-2
- art-4/par-5: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第四条第四項 (Article 4, paragraph (4)), art-4/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-4
- art-6/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第四条 (Article 4), art-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
- art-6/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-6/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第四条 (Article 4), art-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
- art-6/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-6/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1
- art-6/par-3: 第一項第二号 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項第二号 (Article 6, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-6/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1/item-2
- art-6/par-3: 第二十条の二第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第二十条の二第一項 (Article 20-2, paragraph (1)), art-20-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20-2/par-1
- art-6-2/par-1: 不正競争防止法（平成五年法律第四十七号）第二条第一項 → 不正競争防止法 第二条第一項 (Article 2, paragraph (1)), art-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/unfair-competition-prevention-act/art-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/405AC0000000047/art-2/par-1
- art-6-2/par-1: 家畜遺伝資源に係る不正競争の防止に関する法律（令和二年法律第二十二号）第二条第三項 → e-Gov law 502AC0000000022, 第二条第三項 (Article 2, paragraph (3)), art-2/par-3 — not held in this collection
- art-6-2/par-1: 第四条 → 民事訴訟法 第四条 (Article 4), art-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
- art-6-2/par-1: 第五条 → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-6-2/par-1/item-1: 前条第一項第一号 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項第一号 (Article 6, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-6/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1/item-1
- art-6-2/par-1/item-2: 前条第一項第二号 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項第二号 (Article 6, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-6/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1/item-2
- art-7/par-1: 第四条から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第四条 (Article 4), art-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
- art-7/par-1: 第四条から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-7/par-1: 第四条から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第六条 (Article 6), art-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6
- art-7/par-1: 第四条から前条まで → 民事訴訟法 第六条の二 (Article 6-2), art-6-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2
- art-7/par-1: 第六条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第三項 (Article 6, paragraph (3)), art-6/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-3
- art-7/par-1: 第三十八条 → 民事訴訟法 第三十八条 (Article 38), art-38 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-28#art-38
- art-8/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第八条第一項 (Article 8, paragraph (1)), art-8/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-8/par-1
- art-10/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第十条第一項 (Article 10, paragraph (1)), art-10/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10/par-1
- art-10/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第十条第二項 (Article 10, paragraph (2)), art-10/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-10/par-2
- art-11/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条第一項 (Article 11, paragraph (1)), art-11/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-1
- art-11/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条第一項 (Article 11, paragraph (1)), art-11/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-1
- art-11/par-3: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条第二項 (Article 11, paragraph (2)), art-11/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11/par-2
- art-13/par-1: 第四条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第四条第一項 (Article 4, paragraph (1)), art-4/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4/par-1
- art-13/par-1: 第五条 → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-13/par-1: 第六条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第二項 (Article 6, paragraph (2)), art-6/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-2
- art-13/par-1: 第六条の二 → 民事訴訟法 第六条の二 (Article 6-2), art-6-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6-2
- art-13/par-1: 第七条 → 民事訴訟法 第七条 (Article 7), art-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-7
- art-13/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
- art-13/par-1: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第十二条 (Article 12), art-12 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-12
- art-13/par-2: 第七条 → 民事訴訟法 第七条 (Article 7), art-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-7
- art-13/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
- art-13/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第十二条 (Article 12), art-12 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-12
- art-13/par-2: 第六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1
- art-13/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第十三条第一項 (Article 13, paragraph (1)), art-13/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-13/par-1
- art-16/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第十六条第一項 (Article 16, paragraph (1)), art-16/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-16/par-1
- art-16/par-2: 第十一条 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
- art-20/par-1: 前三条 → 民事訴訟法 第十七条 (Article 17), art-17 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-17
- art-20/par-1: 前三条 → 民事訴訟法 第十八条 (Article 18), art-18 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-18
- art-20/par-1: 前三条 → 民事訴訟法 第十九条 (Article 19), art-19 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19
- art-20/par-1: 第十一条 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
- art-20/par-2: 第十七条 → 民事訴訟法 第十七条 (Article 17), art-17 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-17
- art-20/par-2: 前条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第十九条第一項 (Article 19, paragraph (1)), art-19/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19/par-1
- art-20/par-2: 第六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1
- art-20/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第二十条第一項 (Article 20, paragraph (1)), art-20/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-20/par-1
- art-20-2/par-1: 第六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-1
- art-20-2/par-1: 第四条 → 民事訴訟法 第四条 (Article 4), art-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-4
- art-20-2/par-1: 第五条 → 民事訴訟法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-5
- art-20-2/par-1: 第十一条 → 民事訴訟法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-11
- art-20-2/par-1: 第十九条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第十九条第一項 (Article 19, paragraph (1)), art-19/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-19/par-1
- art-20-2/par-2: 第六条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第六条第三項 (Article 6, paragraph (3)), art-6/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8#art-6/par-3
- art-23/par-1: 第六号 → 民事訴訟法 第二十三条第一項第六号 (Article 23, paragraph (1), item (vi)), art-23/par-1/item-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1/item-6
- art-23/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第二十三条第一項 (Article 23, paragraph (1)), art-23/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-23/par-1
- art-25/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第二十五条第一項 (Article 25, paragraph (1)), art-25/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11#art-25/par-1
---
## Sources
- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text as 令和八年法律第四十六号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20281223_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17
- claude-sonnet-5-5, corrected on review by claude-opus-5-5 — Machine translation corrected on review, batch code-of-civil-procedure-20261017T235501-001, translated 2026-10-18
- claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation of amended wording, batch code-of-civil-procedure-amendments-20261017T235501-001, translated 2026-10-18
- This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17