# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — as amended, not yet in force
- 平成八年法律第百九号 · Act
- English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation
- Text: the text as amended with effect from 2028-12-23 (The date on which the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.) — NOT yet in force (revision 20281223_508AC0000000046)
- URL (this text's page): https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text
- The text in force: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure
This law's whole text runs past 200 KB as Markdown, so its twin here is its table of
contents. Each page of the law below has a twin of its own, at that page's path under /md,
with the same rules: the Japanese and the English of every provision, the source of each
English line, and every provision's address and URLs. Only the Japanese as published by the
government has legal effect.
One provision as Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/art-1
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## 本則 (the main text)
- 第一編 総則 — Part I General Provisions
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第一章 通則 — Chapter I General Rules · art-1 to art-3 · 8 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-1 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-1
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二章 裁判所 — Chapter II The Courts · art-3-2 to art-27 · 131 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第三条の二から第三条の七まで — Articles 3-2 to 3-7 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-2
- 第三条の八から第十条の二まで — Articles 3-8 to 10-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-3-8
- 第十一条から第二十七条まで — Articles 11 to 27 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-2/from-art-11
- 第三章 当事者 — Chapter III The Parties · art-28 to art-60 · 132 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-28
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二十八条から第四十四条まで — Articles 28 to 44 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-28
- 第四十五条から第六十条まで — Articles 45 to 60 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-3/from-art-45
- 第四章 訴訟費用 — Chapter IV Court Costs · art-61 to art-86 · 85 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-4 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-4/from-art-61
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第六十一条から第七十三条まで — Articles 61 to 73 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-4/from-art-61
- 第七十四条から第八十六条まで — Articles 74 to 86 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-4/from-art-74
- 第五章 訴訟手続 — Chapter V Litigation Proceedings · art-87 to art-132 · 255 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5/from-art-87
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第八十七条から第九十二条まで — Articles 87 to 92 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5/from-art-87
- 第九十二条の二から第百条まで — Articles 92-2 to 100 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5/from-art-92-2
- 第百一条から第百十一条まで — Articles 101 to 111 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5/from-art-101
- 第百十二条から第百三十二条まで — Articles 112 to 132 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-5/from-art-112
- 第六章 訴えの提起前における証拠収集の処分等 — Chapter VI Dispositions on the Collection of Evidence Prior to the Filing of an Action · art-132-2 to art-132-9 · 45 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-6 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-6
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第七章 電子情報処理組織による申立て等 — Chapter VII Filing Motions and Statements Using an Electronic Data Processing System · art-132-10 to art-132-13 · 28 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-7 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-7
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第八章 当事者に対する住所、氏名等の秘匿 — Chapter VIII Concealing Parties' Domiciles and Identifying Information · art-133 to art-133-4 · 27 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-8 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-1/ch-8
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二編 第一審の訴訟手続 — Part II Litigation Proceedings in the First Instance
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第一章 訴え — Chapter I Actions · art-134 to art-147 · 62 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-1 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-1
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二章 計画審理 — Chapter II Planned Trials · art-147-2 to art-147-3 · 11 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-2
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第三章 口頭弁論及びその準備 — Chapter III Oral Arguments and Preparation for Them · art-148 to art-178 · 129 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-3 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-3/from-art-148
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第百四十八条から第百六十条の二まで — Articles 148 to 160-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-3/from-art-148
- 第百六十一条から第百七十八条まで — Articles 161 to 178 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-3/from-art-161
- 第四章 証拠 — Chapter IV Evidence · art-179 to art-242 · 256 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4/from-art-179
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第百七十九条から第二百条まで — Articles 179 to 200 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4/from-art-179
- 第二百一条から第二百十五条まで — Articles 201 to 215 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4/from-art-201
- 第二百十五条の二から第二百二十五条まで — Articles 215-2 to 225 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4/from-art-215-2
- 第二百二十六条から第二百四十二条まで — Articles 226 to 242 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-4/from-art-226
- 第五章 判決 — Chapter V Judgment · art-243 to art-260 · 72 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-5 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-5
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第六章 裁判によらない訴訟の完結 — Chapter VI Conclusion of Litigation Other Than by Judicial Decision · art-261 to art-267-2 · 32 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-6 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-6
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第七章 大規模訴訟等に関する特則 — Chapter VII Special Provisions on Large-Scale Litigation · art-268 to art-269-2 · 9 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-7 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-7
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第八章 簡易裁判所の訴訟手続に関する特則 — Chapter VIII Special Provisions on Litigation Proceedings in Summary Court · art-270 to art-280 · 45 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-8 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-2/ch-8
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第三編 上訴 — Part III Appeals
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第一章 控訴 — Chapter I Appeals to the Court of Second Instance · art-281 to art-310-2 · 86 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-1 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-1
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二章 上告 — Chapter II Final Appeals · art-311 to art-327 · 62 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-2
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第三章 抗告 — Chapter III Appeal Against a Ruling · art-328 to art-337 · 32 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-3 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-3/ch-3
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第四編 再審 — Part IV Retrial · art-338 to art-349 · 49 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-4 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-4
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第五編 手形訴訟及び小切手訴訟に関する特則 — Part V Special Provisions on Actions on Bills or Notes and Actions on Checks · art-350 to art-367 · 52 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-5 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-5
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第六編 少額訴訟に関する特則 — Part VI Special Provisions on Small Claims Actions · art-368 to art-381 · 51 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-6 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-6
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第七編 法定審理期間訴訟手続に関する特則 — Part VII Special Provisions on Court Proceedings in a Trial with a Statutory-Limited Duration on Expedited Civil Proceedings · art-381-2 to art-381-8 · 33 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-7 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-7
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第八編 督促手続 — Part VIII Demand Procedures
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第一章 総則 — Chapter I General Provisions · art-382 to art-396 · 51 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-8/ch-1 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-8/ch-1
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第二章 電子情報処理組織による督促手続の特則 — Chapter II Special Provisions on Demand Procedures That Are Handled Using Electronic Data Processing Systems · art-397 to art-400-to-402 · 11 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-8/ch-2 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-8/ch-2
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
- 第九編 執行停止 — Part IX Stays of Enforcement · art-403 to art-405 · 16 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-9 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/pt-9
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
## 附則・別表・様式 (supplementary provisions, appended tables and forms)
This text's page draws only the 附則 and 別表 the amendment changes; each one's twin below is the whole of it.
- 附 則 · 69 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4081-109
- 附 則 平成一一年一二月八日法律第一五一号 · 8 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4111-151
- 附 則 平成一三年七月四日法律第九六号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4131-96
- 附 則 平成一三年一二月五日法律第一三九号 · 2 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4131-139
- 附 則 平成一三年一二月一二日法律第一五三号 · 9 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4131-153
- 附 則 平成一四年六月一二日法律第六五号 · 5 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4141-65
- 附 則 平成一四年七月三一日法律第一〇〇号 · 7 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4141-100
- 附 則 平成一五年七月一六日法律第一〇八号 · 12 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4151-108
- 附 則 平成一五年七月二五日法律第一二八号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4151-128
- 附 則 平成一六年六月二日法律第七六号 · 9 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-76
- 附 則 平成一六年六月九日法律第八八号 · 7 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-88
- 附 則 平成一六年六月一八日法律第一二〇号 · 5 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-120
- 附 則 平成一六年一二月一日法律第一四七号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-147
- 附 則 平成一六年一二月三日法律第一五二号 · 17 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-152
- 附 則 平成一六年一二月一〇日法律第一六五号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4161-165
- 附 則 平成一七年五月二五日法律第五〇号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4171-50
- 附 則 平成一七年六月二九日法律第七五号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4171-75
- 附 則 平成一七年七月二六日法律第八七号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4171-87
- 附 則 平成一七年一〇月二一日法律第一〇二号 · 8 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4171-102
- 附 則 平成一八年六月二一日法律第七八号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4181-78
- 附 則 平成一八年一二月一五日法律第一〇九号 · 2 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4181-109
- 附 則 平成一九年六月二七日法律第九五号 · 7 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4191-95
- 附 則 平成二三年五月二日法律第三六号 · 6 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4231-36
- 附 則 平成二四年五月八日法律第三〇号 · 9 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4241-30
- 附 則 平成二九年六月二日法律第四五号 · 2 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-4291-45
- 附 則 令和二年四月二四日法律第二二号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5021-22
- 附 則 令和三年四月二八日法律第二四号 · 6 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5031-24
- 附 則 令和四年五月二五日法律第四八号 · 64 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5041-48
- 附 則 令和五年五月一七日法律第二八号 · 8 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5051-28
- 附 則 令和七年四月二三日法律第二六号 · 3 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5071-26
- 附 則 令和七年五月二三日法律第三九号 · 8 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5071-39
- 附 則 令和八年六月二四日法律第四六号 · 10 provisions — Markdown: https://japanlaw.org/md/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5081-46 · page: https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/amendments/20281223_508AC0000000046/text/suppl-5081-46
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## Sources
- claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-18
- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text as 令和八年法律第四十六号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20281223_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure (民事訴訟法), Part 1, Chapter 5, Section 2, Subsection 2 — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure (民事訴訟法), Part 2, Chapter 4, Section 5-2 — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17
- This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17