# 民事執行法 / Civil Enforcement Act — 第百八十七条 (Article 187) - Law: 民事執行法 (Civil Enforcement Act), 昭和五十四年法律第四号 - English title "Civil Enforcement Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第百八十七条 (Article 187)（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — address `art-187` - Text in force since: 2026-05-21 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第百八十七条（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — (Provisional Orders Before Commencement Order for Secured Immovable Property Auction) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-187 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187 **第一項** 執行裁判所は、担保不動産競売の開始決定前であつても、債務者又は不動産の所有者若しくは占有者が価格減少行為（第五十五条第一項に規定する価格減少行為をいう。以下この項において同じ。）をする場合において、特に必要があるときは、当該不動産につき担保不動産競売の申立てをしようとする者の申立てにより、買受人が代金を納付するまでの間、同条第一項各号に掲げる保全処分又は公示保全処分を命ずることができる。ただし、当該価格減少行為による価格の減少又はそのおそれの程度が軽微であるときは、この限りでない。 art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 Even before a commencement order for a secured immovable property auction, if it is particularly necessary if the obligor or the owner or possessor of immovable property has committed a price reducing act (meaning the price reducing act prescribed in Article 55, paragraph (1); the same applies in this paragraph), the enforcement court, upon petition by a person seeking to file a petition for a relevant secured immovable property auction, may establish the provisional order stated in any of the items of paragraph (1) of that Article and the provisional order to post a public notice stated in those items, until the purchaser pays the price; provided, however, that this does not apply when the reduction in the price caused by the price reducing act or the extent of the likelihood is slight. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の場合において、第五十五条第一項第二号又は第三号に掲げる保全処分は、次に掲げる場合のいずれかに該当するときでなければ、命ずることができない。 art-187/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2 In cases of the preceding paragraph, the provisional order stated in Article 55, paragraph (1), item (ii) or (iii) may not be issued unless either of the following cases applies: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 前項の債務者又は同項の不動産の所有者が当該不動産を占有する場合 art-187/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2/item-1 cases where the obligor referred to in the preceding paragraph or the owner of the immovable property referred to in the paragraph possesses the immovable property; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前項の不動産の占有者の占有の権原が同項の規定による申立てをした者に対抗することができない場合 art-187/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2/item-2 cases where the title to possession held by the possessor of the immovable property referred to in the preceding paragraph may not be duly asserted against a person who has filed a petition under the paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定による申立てをするには、担保不動産競売の申立てをする場合において第百八十一条第一項から第三項までの規定により提出すべき文書を提示しなければならない。 art-187/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-3 To file a petition under paragraph (1), the documents to be submitted pursuant to the provisions of Article 181, paragraphs (1) through (3) in cases of filing a petition for a secured immovable property auction must be presented. machine translation, not official **第四項** 執行裁判所は、申立人が第一項の保全処分を命ずる決定の告知を受けた日から三月以内に同項の担保不動産競売の申立てをしたことを証する文書を提出しないときは、被申立人又は同項の不動産の所有者の申立てにより、その決定を取り消さなければならない。 art-187/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-4 When a petitioner fails to submit a document proving that the petitioner has filed a petition for the secured immovable property auction referred to in paragraph (1) within three months from the day of receipt of the notice of an order granting the provisional order referred to in that paragraph, the enforcement court must set aside the order, upon petition by the respondent or the owner of the immovable property referred to in the paragraph. machine translation, not official **第五項** 第五十五条第三項から第五項までの規定は第一項の規定による決定について、同条第六項の規定は第一項又はこの項において準用する同条第五項の申立てについての裁判について、同条第七項の規定はこの項において準用する同条第五項の規定による決定について、同条第八項及び第九項並びに第五十五条の二の規定は第一項の規定による決定（第五十五条第一項第一号に掲げる保全処分又は公示保全処分を命ずるものを除く。）について、第五十五条第十項の規定は第一項の申立て又は同項の規定による決定（同条第一項第一号に掲げる保全処分又は公示保全処分を命ずるものを除く。）の執行に要した費用について、第八十三条の二の規定は第一項の規定による決定（第五十五条第一項第三号に掲げる保全処分及び公示保全処分を命ずるものに限る。）の執行がされた場合について準用する。この場合において、第五十五条第三項中「債務者以外の占有者」とあるのは、「債務者及び不動産の所有者以外の占有者」と読み替えるものとする。 art-187/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-5 The provisions of Article 55, paragraph (3) through (5) apply mutatis mutandis to an order under paragraph (1), the provisions of paragraph (6) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis to a judicial decision on the petition referred to in paragraph (1) or in paragraph (5) of that Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to this paragraph, the provisions of paragraph (7) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis to a ruling under paragraph (5) of that Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to this paragraph, the provisions of paragraph (8) and paragraph (9) of that Article and Article 55-2 apply mutatis mutandis to a ruling under paragraph (1) (excluding a ruling establishing the provisional order stated to in Article 55, paragraph (1), item (i) or the provisional order to post a public notice stated in that item), the provisions of Article 55, paragraph (10) apply mutatis mutandis to expenses required for the petition referred to in paragraph (1) or carrying out a ruling provided in that paragraph (excluding a ruling establishing the provisional order stated in paragraph (1), item (i) of that Article or the provisional order to post a public notice stated in that item), the provisions of Article 83-2 apply mutatis mutandis to the case where a ruling under paragraph (1) (limited to a ruling establishing the provisional order stated in Article 55, paragraph (1), item (iii) and the provisional order to post a public notice stated in that item) has been carried out. In this case, the phrase "possessor other than the obligor" in Article 55, paragraph (3) is deemed to be replaced with "possessor who is neither the obligor nor the owner of the immovable property". Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-187/par-1: 第五十五条第一項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第一項 (Article 55, paragraph (1)), art-55/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-1 - art-187/par-1: この項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-2: 第五十五条第一項第二号 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第一項第二号 (Article 55, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-55/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-1/item-2 - art-187/par-2: 第三号 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第一項第三号 (Article 55, paragraph (1), item (iii)), art-55/par-1/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-1/item-3 - art-187/par-2/item-1: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-2/item-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-3: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-3: 第百八十一条第一項から第三項まで → 民事執行法 第百八十一条第一項 (Article 181, paragraph (1)), art-181/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-181/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-181/par-1 - art-187/par-3: 第百八十一条第一項から第三項まで → 民事執行法 第百八十一条第二項 (Article 181, paragraph (2)), art-181/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-181/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-181/par-2 - art-187/par-3: 第百八十一条第一項から第三項まで → 民事執行法 第百八十一条第三項 (Article 181, paragraph (3)), art-181/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-181/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-181/par-3 - art-187/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第三項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第五十五条第三項 (Article 55, paragraph (3)), art-55/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-3 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第三項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第五十五条第四項 (Article 55, paragraph (4)), art-55/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-4 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第三項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第五十五条第五項 (Article 55, paragraph (5)), art-55/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-5 - art-187/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項 (Article 187, paragraph (1)), art-187/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - art-187/par-5: 同条第六項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第六項 (Article 55, paragraph (6)), art-55/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-6 - art-187/par-5: この項 → 民事執行法 第百八十七条第五項 (Article 187, paragraph (5)), art-187/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-5 - art-187/par-5: 同条第七項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第七項 (Article 55, paragraph (7)), art-55/par-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-7 - art-187/par-5: 同条第八項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第八項 (Article 55, paragraph (8)), art-55/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-8 - art-187/par-5: 第九項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第九項 (Article 55, paragraph (9)), art-55/par-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-9 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条の二 → 民事執行法 第五十五条の二 (Article 55-2), art-55-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55-2 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第一項第一号 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第一項第一号 (Article 55, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-55/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-1/item-1 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第十項 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第十項 (Article 55, paragraph (10)), art-55/par-10 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-10 - art-187/par-5: 第八十三条の二 → 民事執行法 第八十三条の二 (Article 83-2), art-83-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-83-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-83-2 - art-187/par-5: 第五十五条第一項第三号 → 民事執行法 第五十五条第一項第三号 (Article 55, paragraph (1), item (iii)), art-55/par-1/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-55/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-55/par-1/item-3 ## Cited by 10 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民事執行法 第二十七条第三項第二号 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-27/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-27/par-3/item-2 - 民事執行法 第二十七条第三項第二号ハ — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-27/par-3/item-2/sub-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-27/par-3/item-2/sub-3 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第一項（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-1 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第二項（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第二項第一号（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2/item-1 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第二項第二号（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-2/item-2 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第三項（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-3 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第四項（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-4 - 民事執行法 第百八十七条第五項（担保不動産競売の開始決定前の保全処分等） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-187/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-187/par-5 - 民事執行法 第二百十二条第一項第一号（公示書等損壊罪） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-212/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-212/par-1/item-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事執行法 — the text in force from 2026-05-21 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/354AC0000000004/20260521_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Enforcement Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch civil-enforcement-act-20261019T093630-005, translated 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 民事執行法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19