# 民事執行法 / Civil Enforcement Act — 第百六十八条 (Article 168) - Law: 民事執行法 (Civil Enforcement Act), 昭和五十四年法律第四号 - English title "Civil Enforcement Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第百六十八条 (Article 168)（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — address `art-168` - Text in force since: 2026-05-21 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第百六十八条（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — (Judicial Enforcement of Delivery of Immovable Property) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168 **第一項** 不動産等（不動産又は人の居住する船舶等をいう。以下この条及び次条において同じ。）の引渡し又は明渡しの強制執行は、執行官が債務者の不動産等に対する占有を解いて債権者にその占有を取得させる方法により行う。 art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 The delivery or eviction of immovable property or a residence (meaning immovable property or a vessel or other space in which a person resides; the same applies in this Article and in the following Article) is enforced by the court enforcement officer's removing the immovable property or a residence from the obligor's possession and having the obligee acquire possession of it. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 執行官は、前項の強制執行をするため同項の不動産等の占有者を特定する必要があるときは、当該不動産等に在る者に対し、当該不動産等又はこれに近接する場所において、質問をし、又は文書の提示を求めることができる。 art-168/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-2 If it is particularly necessary to identify the possessor of the immovable property or residence referred to in the preceding paragraph to carry out the enforcement referred to in the paragraph, the court enforcement officer may question a person who is present at that immovable property or residence or request that person to present documents, at the immovable property or residence or in a place adjacent to it. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の強制執行は、債権者又はその代理人が執行の場所に出頭したときに限り、することができる。 art-168/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-3 The judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1) may be carried out only when the obligee or their agent appeared at the place of enforcement. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行官は、第一項の強制執行をするに際し、債務者の占有する不動産等に立ち入り、必要があるときは、閉鎖した戸を開くため必要な処分をすることができる。 art-168/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-4 When carrying out the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1), the court enforcement officer may enter the immovable property or residence possessed by the obligor, and, if necessary, may take necessary measures to open closed or locked doors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 執行官は、第一項の強制執行においては、その目的物でない動産を取り除いて、債務者、その代理人又は同居の親族若しくは使用人その他の従業者で相当のわきまえのあるものに引き渡さなければならない。この場合において、その動産をこれらの者に引き渡すことができないときは、執行官は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、これを売却することができる。 art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-5 In the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1), a court enforcement officer must remove any movables that are not the subject matter of enforcement and deliver them to the obligor or their agent, a cohabiting relative, or an employee or other relevant worker who will exercise reasonable discretion. In this case, if it is not possible to deliver the movables to any of the persons, the court enforcement officer may sell those movables pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 執行官は、前項の動産のうちに同項の規定による引渡し又は売却をしなかつたものがあるときは、これを保管しなければならない。この場合においては、前項後段の規定を準用する。 art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-6 If any part of the movables referred to in the preceding paragraph has not been delivered or sold under the paragraph, a court enforcement officer must retain the part of the movables. In this case, the provisions of the second sentence of the preceding paragraph applies mutatis mutandis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 前項の規定による保管の費用は、執行費用とする。 art-168/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-7 The expenses for retention under the preceding paragraph are enforcement costs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 第五項（第六項後段において準用する場合を含む。）の規定により動産を売却したときは、執行官は、その売得金から売却及び保管に要した費用を控除し、その残余を供託しなければならない。 art-168/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-8 When a court enforcement officer has sold movables pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the second sentence of paragraph (6)), the officer must deduct the expenses required for the sale and retention from the proceeds of the sale and make a statutory deposit of the remainder. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 第五十七条第五項の規定は、第一項の強制執行について準用する。 art-168/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-9 The provisions of Article 57, paragraph (5) apply mutatis mutandis to the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-168/par-1: この条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条 (Article 168), art-168 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168 - art-168/par-1: 次条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168-2 - art-168/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-3: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-6: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項 (Article 168, paragraph (5)), art-168/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-5 - art-168/par-7: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項 (Article 168, paragraph (6)), art-168/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-6 - art-168/par-8: 第五項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項 (Article 168, paragraph (5)), art-168/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-5 - art-168/par-8: 第六項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項 (Article 168, paragraph (6)), art-168/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-6 - art-168/par-9: 第五十七条第五項 → 民事執行法 第五十七条第五項 (Article 57, paragraph (5)), art-57/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-57/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-57/par-5 - art-168/par-9: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 ## Cited by 14 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-1 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第二項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-2 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第三項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-3 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第四項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-4 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-5 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-6 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第七項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-7 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第八項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-8 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条第九項（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168/par-9 - 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第六項（明渡しの催告） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-168-2/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-168-2/par-6 - 民事執行法 第百六十九条第一項（動産の引渡しの強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-169/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-169/par-1 - 民事執行法 第百六十九条第二項（動産の引渡しの強制執行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-169/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-169/par-2 - 民事執行法 第百七十三条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-173/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-173/par-1 - 民事執行法 第二百十三条第一項第四号（陳述等拒絶の罪） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/art-213/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-213/par-1/item-4 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事執行法 — the text in force from 2026-05-21 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/354AC0000000004/20260521_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Enforcement Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 民事執行法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19