# 民事執行法 / Civil Enforcement Act — 第三節 (Chapter 2, Section 3) - Law: 民事執行法 (Civil Enforcement Act), 昭和五十四年法律第四号 - English title "Civil Enforcement Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三節 (Chapter 2, Section 3) — address `ch-2/sec-3` - Text: the text as amended with effect from 2027-12-05 (On the day Act No. 56 of 2025 (譲渡担保契約及び所有権留保契約に関する法律) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.), standing until 2028-06-12 as now scheduled, since the next amendment's day is not fixed — NOT yet in force (revision 20271205_507AC0000000057) - URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#ch-2/sec-3 - The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/ch-2/sec-3 - Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is machine translation. --- ## 第三節　金銭の支払を目的としない請求権についての強制執行 — Section 3 Judicial Enforcement of Claims that Are Not for Payment of Money heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-2/sec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#ch-2/sec-3 ### 第百六十八条（不動産の引渡し等の強制執行） — (Judicial Enforcement of Delivery of Immovable Property) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168 **第一項** 不動産等（不動産又は人の居住する船舶等をいう。以下この条及び次条において同じ。）の引渡し又は明渡しの強制執行は、執行官が債務者の不動産等に対する占有を解いて債権者にその占有を取得させる方法により行う。 art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 The delivery or eviction of immovable property or a residence (meaning immovable property or a vessel or other space in which a person resides; the same applies in this Article and in the following Article) is enforced by the court enforcement officer's removing the immovable property or a residence from the obligor's possession and having the obligee acquire possession of it. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 執行官は、前項の強制執行をするため同項の不動産等の占有者を特定する必要があるときは、当該不動産等に在る者に対し、当該不動産等又はこれに近接する場所において、質問をし、又は文書の提示を求めることができる。 art-168/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-2 If it is particularly necessary to identify the possessor of the immovable property or residence referred to in the preceding paragraph to carry out the enforcement referred to in the paragraph, the court enforcement officer may question a person who is present at that immovable property or residence or request that person to present documents, at the immovable property or residence or in a place adjacent to it. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の強制執行は、債権者又はその代理人が執行の場所に出頭したときに限り、することができる。 art-168/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-3 The judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1) may be carried out only when the obligee or their agent appeared at the place of enforcement. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行官は、第一項の強制執行をするに際し、債務者の占有する不動産等に立ち入り、必要があるときは、閉鎖した戸を開くため必要な処分をすることができる。 art-168/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-4 When carrying out the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1), the court enforcement officer may enter the immovable property or residence possessed by the obligor, and, if necessary, may take necessary measures to open closed or locked doors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 執行官は、第一項の強制執行においては、その目的物でない動産を取り除いて、債務者、その代理人又は同居の親族若しくは使用人その他の従業者で相当のわきまえのあるものに引き渡さなければならない。この場合において、その動産をこれらの者に引き渡すことができないときは、執行官は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、これを売却することができる。 art-168/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-5 In the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1), a court enforcement officer must remove any movables that are not the subject matter of enforcement and deliver them to the obligor or their agent, a cohabiting relative, or an employee or other relevant worker who will exercise reasonable discretion. In this case, if it is not possible to deliver the movables to any of the persons, the court enforcement officer may sell those movables pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 執行官は、前項の動産のうちに同項の規定による引渡し又は売却をしなかつたものがあるときは、これを保管しなければならない。この場合においては、前項後段の規定を準用する。 art-168/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-6 If any part of the movables referred to in the preceding paragraph has not been delivered or sold under the paragraph, a court enforcement officer must retain the part of the movables. In this case, the provisions of the second sentence of the preceding paragraph applies mutatis mutandis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 前項の規定による保管の費用は、執行費用とする。 art-168/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-7 The expenses for retention under the preceding paragraph are enforcement costs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 第五項（第六項後段において準用する場合を含む。）の規定により動産を売却したときは、執行官は、その売得金から売却及び保管に要した費用を控除し、その残余を供託しなければならない。 art-168/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-8 When a court enforcement officer has sold movables pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the second sentence of paragraph (6)), the officer must deduct the expenses required for the sale and retention from the proceeds of the sale and make a statutory deposit of the remainder. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 第五十七条第五項の規定は、第一項の強制執行について準用する。 art-168/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-9 The provisions of Article 57, paragraph (5) apply mutatis mutandis to the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十八条の二（明渡しの催告） — (Demand for Eviction) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-168-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 **第一項** 執行官は、不動産等の引渡し又は明渡しの強制執行の申立てがあつた場合において、当該強制執行を開始することができるときは、次項に規定する引渡し期限を定めて、明渡しの催告（不動産等の引渡し又は明渡しの催告をいう。以下この条において同じ。）をすることができる。ただし、債務者が当該不動産等を占有していないときは、この限りでない。 art-168-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-1 If a petition to enforce the delivery or eviction of immovable property or a residence has been filed, and it is possible to commence enforcement, the court enforcement officer may demand its eviction (meaning demanding the person to deliver or evict the immovable property or residence; the same applies in this Article), specifying the time limit for delivery prescribed in the following paragraph; provided, however, that this does not apply if the obligor does not have possession of immovable property or a residence. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 引渡し期限（明渡しの催告に基づき第六項の規定による強制執行をすることができる期限をいう。以下この条において同じ。）は、明渡しの催告があつた日から一月を経過する日とする。ただし、執行官は、執行裁判所の許可を得て、当該日以後の日を引渡し期限とすることができる。 art-168-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-2 The time limit for delivery (meaning the time limit for carrying out judicial enforcement under paragraph (6) based on a demand for eviction; the same applies in this Article) is the day on which one month has passed from the day on which the demand for eviction is made; provided, however, that a court enforcement officer may designate another date as the time limit for delivery by obtaining the permission of the enforcement court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 執行官は、明渡しの催告をしたときは、その旨、引渡し期限及び第五項の規定により債務者が不動産等の占有を移転することを禁止されている旨を、当該不動産等の所在する場所に公示書その他の標識を掲示する方法により、公示しなければならない。 art-168-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-3 If the court enforcement officer demands the eviction of the property, they must give public notice of that fact, the time limit for delivery, and the fact that the obligor is prohibited from transferring possession of the immovable property or residence pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) by the method of posting a written public notice or any other sign at the place where the immovable property or residence is located. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行官は、引渡し期限が経過するまでの間においては、執行裁判所の許可を得て、引渡し期限を延長することができる。この場合においては、執行官は、引渡し期限の変更があつた旨及び変更後の引渡し期限を、当該不動産等の所在する場所に公示書その他の標識を掲示する方法により、公示しなければならない。 art-168-2/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-4 Until the deadline for delivery passes, the court enforcement officer may extend the deadline for delivery with the permission of the enforcement court. In this case, the court enforcement officer must give public notice of the fact that the deadline for delivery has changed and the deadline for delivery after the change by posting a written public notice or any other type of sign at the place where the immovable property or a residence is located. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 明渡しの催告があつたときは、債務者は、不動産等の占有を移転してはならない。ただし、債権者に対して不動産等の引渡し又は明渡しをする場合は、この限りでない。 art-168-2/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-5 Once a demand for eviction is made, the obligor must not transfer possession of the immovable property or residence; provided, however, that this does not apply if the obligor delivers or evicts the immovable property or residence to the obligee. Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Once a demand for evict the property is made, the obligor must not transfer possession of the immovable property or residence; provided, however, that this does not apply if the obligor delivers or evicts the immovable property or residence to the obligee." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb **第六項** 明渡しの催告後に不動産等の占有の移転があつたときは、引渡し期限が経過するまでの間においては、占有者（第一項の不動産等を占有する者であつて債務者以外のものをいう。以下この条において同じ。）に対して、第一項の申立てに基づく強制執行をすることができる。この場合において、第四十二条及び前条の規定の適用については、当該占有者を債務者とみなす。 art-168-2/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-6 If possession of immovable property or a residence is transferred after a demand for eviction is made, until the time limit for delivery has been reached, judicial enforcement based on the petition referred to in paragraph (1) may be carried out against the possessor (meaning a person possessing the immovable property or residence referred to in paragraph (1) who is not the obligor; the same applies in this Article). In this case, that possessor is deemed to be the obligor regarding application of the provisions of Article 42 and the preceding Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 明渡しの催告後に不動産等の占有の移転があつたときは、占有者は、明渡しの催告があつたことを知らず、かつ、債務者の占有の承継人でないことを理由として、債権者に対し、強制執行の不許を求める訴えを提起することができる。この場合においては、第三十六条、第三十七条及び第三十八条第三項の規定を準用する。 art-168-2/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-7 If possession of immovable property or a residence is transferred after a demand for eviction is made, the possessor may file an action against the obligee calling for the court to disallow enforcement, on the basis that the possessor had no knowledge of a demand for eviction of the property having been made and the possessor is not a successor to the obligor's possession. In this case, the provisions of Article 36, Article 37 and Article 38, paragraph (3) apply mutatis mutandis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 明渡しの催告後に不動産等を占有した占有者は、明渡しの催告があつたことを知つて占有したものと推定する。 art-168-2/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-8 A possessor taking possession of immovable property or a residence after a demand for eviction is made is presumed to have taken possession of it knowing that the demand had been made. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 第六項の規定により占有者に対して強制執行がされたときは、当該占有者は、執行異議の申立てにおいて、債権者に対抗することができる権原により目的物を占有していること、又は明渡しの催告があつたことを知らず、かつ、債務者の占有の承継人でないことを理由とすることができる。 art-168-2/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-9 When judicial enforcement has been carried out against a possessor pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (6), the possessor may assert, as the basis for filing an objection to an enforcement measure, that they possess the subject matter based on a title which may be duly asserted against the obligee or that they have no knowledge of a demand for eviction having been made and they are not a successor to the obligor's possession. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十項** 明渡しの催告に要した費用は、執行費用とする。 art-168-2/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-10 The expenses required for a demand for eviction are enforcement costs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十九条（動産の引渡しの強制執行） — (Judicial Enforcement of Delivery of Movables) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-169 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169 **第一項** 第百六十八条第一項に規定する動産以外の動産（有価証券を含む。）の引渡しの強制執行は、執行官が債務者からこれを取り上げて債権者に引き渡す方法により行う。 art-169/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169/par-1 Judicial enforcement of delivery of movables (including securities) other than the movables prescribed in Article 168, paragraph (1) is carried out by the method in which a court enforcement officer confiscates the movables from the obligor and delivers it to the obligee. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第百二十二条第二項、第百二十三条第二項及び第百六十八条第五項から第八項までの規定は、前項の強制執行について準用する。 art-169/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169/par-2 The provisions of Article 122, paragraph (2), Article 123, paragraph (2) and Article 168, paragraphs (5) through (8) apply mutatis mutandis to the judicial enforcement referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十条（目的物を第三者が占有する場合の引渡しの強制執行） — (Judicial Enforcement of Delivery If a Third Party Possesses the Subject Matter) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-170 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170 **第一項** 第三者が強制執行の目的物を占有している場合においてその物を債務者に引き渡すべき義務を負つているときは、物の引渡しの強制執行は、執行裁判所が、債務者の第三者に対する引渡請求権を差し押さえ、請求権の行使を債権者に許す旨の命令を発する方法により行う。 art-170/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170/par-1 If a third party possesses the subject matter of judicial enforcement, if the third party is liable to deliver the object to the obligor, judicial enforcement of delivery of the object is carried out by the method in which the enforcement court seizes the obligor's claim for delivery against the third party and issues an order permitting the obligee to exercise the claim. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第百四十四条、第百四十五条（第四項を除く。）、第百四十七条、第百四十八条、第百五十五条第一項及び第三項並びに第百五十八条の規定は、前項の強制執行について準用する。 art-170/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170/par-2 The provisions of Article 144, Article 145 (excluding paragraph (4)), Article 147, Article 148, Article 155, paragraphs (1) and (3) and Article 158 apply mutatis mutandis to the judicial enforcement referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十一条（代替執行） — (Enforcement Through Substituted Performance) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-171 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171 **第一項** 次の各号に掲げる強制執行は、執行裁判所がそれぞれ当該各号に定める旨を命ずる方法により行う。 art-171/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 Enforcement as stated in the following items is carried out by the enforcement court's issuing of the orders specified in those items: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 作為を目的とする債務についての強制執行　債務者の費用で第三者に当該作為をさせること。 art-171/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1/item-1 judicial enforcement of an obligation to act:an order causing a third party to perform the action at the expense of the obligor; and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 不作為を目的とする債務についての強制執行　債務者の費用で、債務者がした行為の結果を除去し、又は将来のため適当な処分をすべきこと。 art-171/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1/item-2 judicial enforcement of an obligation not to act:an order directing the removal of the outcome of the action performed by the obligor, or an appropriate ruling against any future action, at the expense of the obligor. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の執行裁判所は、第三十三条第二項第一号又は第六号に掲げる債務名義の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該各号に定める裁判所とする。 art-171/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-2 The enforcement court referred to in the preceding paragraph is the court specified in Article 33, paragraph (2), items (i) and (vi) for the categories of the title of obligation stated respectively in those items. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 執行裁判所は、第一項の規定による決定をする場合には、債務者を審尋しなければならない。 art-171/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-3 An enforcement court must interrogate the obligor in cases of issuing the order under paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行裁判所は、第一項の規定による決定をする場合には、申立てにより、債務者に対し、その決定に掲げる行為をするために必要な費用をあらかじめ債権者に支払うべき旨を命ずることができる。 art-171/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-4 In cases of issuing the order under paragraph (1), an enforcement court may, upon petition, order the obligor to pay to the obligee, in advance, the expenses necessary for conducting the act stated in the order. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項の強制執行の申立て又は前項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。 art-171/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-5 An appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition for the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1) or on the petition referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第六条第二項の規定は、第一項の規定による決定を執行する場合について準用する。 art-171/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-6 The provisions of Article 6, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis when an order under paragraph (1) is enforced. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十二条（間接強制） — (Indirect Judicial Enforcement) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-172 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172 **第一項** 作為又は不作為を目的とする債務で前条第一項の強制執行ができないものについての強制執行は、執行裁判所が、債務者に対し、遅延の期間に応じ、又は相当と認める一定の期間内に履行しないときは直ちに、債務の履行を確保するために相当と認める一定の額の金銭を債権者に支払うべき旨を命ずる方法により行う。 art-172/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 Judicial enforcement for an obligation to act or not to act but for which it is not possible to carry out the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is carried out by the enforcement court's ordering the obligor to pay to the obligee money of a fixed amount that it finds to be reasonable to ensure performance of the obligation, either based on the period of the delay, or immediately upon the obligor failing to perform the obligation within the fixed period that it finds to be reasonable. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 事情の変更があつたときは、執行裁判所は、申立てにより、前項の規定による決定を変更することができる。 art-172/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-2 If circumstances change and upon petition, the enforcement court may change an order under the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 執行裁判所は、前二項の規定による決定をする場合には、申立ての相手方を審尋しなければならない。 art-172/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-3 the enforcement court must interrogate the other person to the petition before issuing an order under the preceding two paragraphs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項の規定により命じられた金銭の支払があつた場合において、債務不履行により生じた損害の額が支払額を超えるときは、債権者は、その超える額について損害賠償の請求をすることを妨げられない。 art-172/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-4 If there has been payment of money that is ordered pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), if the amount of damages that resulted from default of the obligation exceeds the amount of payment, the obligee is not precluded from claiming compensation for damage for the amount in excess. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項の強制執行の申立て又は第二項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。 art-172/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-5 An appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition for the judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (1) or on the petition referred to in paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 前条第二項の規定は、第一項の執行裁判所について準用する。 art-172/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-6 The provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the enforcement court referred to in paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十三条 art-173 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-173 **第一項** 第百六十八条第一項、第百六十九条第一項、第百七十条第一項及び第百七十一条第一項に規定する強制執行は、それぞれ第百六十八条から第百七十一条までの規定により行うほか、債権者の申立てがあるときは、執行裁判所が前条第一項に規定する方法により行う。この場合においては、同条第二項から第五項までの規定を準用する。 art-173/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-173/par-1 The judicial enforcement prescribed in Article 168, paragraph (1), Article 169, paragraph (1), Article 170, paragraph (1) and Article 171, paragraph (1) is carried out pursuant to the provisions of Articles 168 through 171 respectively, and also, when a petition has been filed by the obligee, is carried out by the enforcement court by the method prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. In this case, the provisions of paragraphs (2) through (5) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の執行裁判所は、第三十三条第二項各号（第一号の二、第一号の三及び第四号を除く。）に掲げる債務名義の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該債務名義についての執行文付与の訴えの管轄裁判所とする。 art-173/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-173/par-2 The enforcement court referred to in the preceding paragraph is, for the categories of the title of obligation stated in the items of Article 33, paragraph (2) (excluding items (i)-2, (i)-3 and (iv)), the court with jurisdiction over an action to granting an attestation of enforceability regarding the respective titles of obligation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十四条（子の引渡しの強制執行） — (Enforcing the Handover of a Child) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-174 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174 **第一項** 子の引渡しの強制執行は、次の各号に掲げる方法のいずれかにより行う。 art-174/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1 The handover of a child is enforced through the means stated in the following items: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 執行裁判所が決定により執行官に子の引渡しを実施させる方法 art-174/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 by the enforcement court's issuing a ruling to have a court enforcement officer implement the handover of the child; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 第百七十二条第一項に規定する方法 art-174/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-2 by the means prescribed in Article 172, paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項第一号に掲げる方法による強制執行の申立ては、次の各号のいずれかに該当するときでなければすることができない。 art-174/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-2 A petition for enforcement by the means stated in item (i) of the preceding paragraph may not be filed unless it falls under any of the following items: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 第百七十二条第一項の規定による決定が確定した日から二週間を経過したとき（当該決定において定められた債務を履行すべき一定の期間の経過がこれより後である場合にあつては、その期間を経過したとき）。 art-174/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-2/item-1 it has been two weeks since the day on which the order under Article 172, paragraph (1) has become final and binding (or until the expiration of the period in question, if the expiration of a fixed period to perform the obligations specified by the order comes after those two weeks have passed); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 前項第二号に掲げる方法による強制執行を実施しても、債務者が子の監護を解く見込みがあるとは認められないとき。 art-174/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-2/item-2 it is not found to be probable that the obligor will hand over care of the child even if enforcement is implemented by the means stated in item (ii) of the preceding paragraph; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 子の急迫の危険を防止するため直ちに強制執行をする必要があるとき。 art-174/par-2/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-2/item-3 it is necessary to immediately carry out enforcement to prevent imminent danger to the child. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 執行裁判所は、第一項第一号の規定による決定をする場合には、債務者を審尋しなければならない。ただし、子に急迫した危険があるときその他の審尋をすることにより強制執行の目的を達することができない事情があるときは、この限りでない。 art-174/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-3 The enforcement court must interrogate an obligor if it issues an order under paragraph (1), item (i); provided, however, that this does not apply if the child is in imminent danger or if there are other circumstances in which interrogating the obligor would make it impossible to achieve the purpose of enforcement. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行裁判所は、第一項第一号の規定による決定において、執行官に対し、債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為をすべきことを命じなければならない。 art-174/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-4 In the order under paragraph (1), item (i), the enforcement court must order a court enforcement officer to perform the necessary acts to remove the child from the care of the obligor. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第百七十一条第二項の規定は第一項第一号の執行裁判所について、同条第四項の規定は同号の規定による決定をする場合について、それぞれ準用する。 art-174/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-5 The provisions of Article 171, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the enforcement court referred to in paragraph (1), item (i) and the provisions of paragraph (4) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis to cases in which the order under that item is issued. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第二項の強制執行の申立て又は前項において準用する第百七十一条第四項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。 art-174/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-6 An appeal against an enforcement decision may be filed against a judicial decision on a petition for judicial enforcement referred to in paragraph (2) or a petition under Article 171, paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph. machine translation, not official ### 第百七十五条（執行官の権限等） — (Authority of Court Enforcement Officers) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-175 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175 **第一項** 執行官は、債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為として、債務者に対し説得を行うほか、債務者の住居その他債務者の占有する場所において、次に掲げる行為をすることができる。 art-175/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 In addition to attempting to persuade the obligor, as an act that needs to be performed to remove the child from the obligor's care, the court enforcement officer may perform the following acts in the residence of the obligor or any other place possessed by the obligor: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** その場所に立ち入り、子を捜索すること。この場合において、必要があるときは、閉鎖した戸を開くため必要な処分をすること。 art-175/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1/item-1 entering the place to search for the child. In this case, if it is necessary, taking the necessary measures to open a closed or locked door; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 債権者若しくはその代理人と子を面会させ、又は債権者若しくはその代理人と債務者を面会させること。 art-175/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1/item-2 having the obligee or their agent meet with the child or having the obligee or their agent meet with the obligor; and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** その場所に債権者又はその代理人を立ち入らせること。 art-175/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1/item-3 having the obligee or their agent enter the place. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 執行官は、子の心身に及ぼす影響、当該場所及びその周囲の状況その他の事情を考慮して相当と認めるときは、前項に規定する場所以外の場所においても、債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為として、当該場所の占有者の同意を得て又は次項の規定による許可を受けて、前項各号に掲げる行為をすることができる。 art-175/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-2 If, after considering the physical and psychological impact on the child, the place in question and its surroundings, and other relevant circumstances, the court enforcement officer finds it to be appropriate to do so, the officer may perform an act stated in any of the items of the preceding paragraph as an act that needs to be performed to remove the child from the obligor's care, in a place other than as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, with the consent of the possessor of the place or with the permission under the following paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 執行裁判所は、子の住居が第一項に規定する場所以外の場所である場合において、債務者と当該場所の占有者との関係、当該占有者の私生活又は業務に与える影響その他の事情を考慮して相当と認めるときは、債権者の申立てにより、当該占有者の同意に代わる許可をすることができる。 art-175/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-3 If the residence of the child is a place other than the place provided for in paragraph (1) and the enforcement court finds it to be appropriate to do so after taking into consideration the relationship between the obligor and the possessor of the place, the impact on the private life or business of the possessor, and other relevant circumstances, the enforcement court may give permission that substitutes for the consent of the possessor upon petition by the obligee. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 執行官は、前項の規定による許可を受けて第一項各号に掲げる行為をするときは、職務の執行に当たり、当該許可を受けたことを証する文書を提示しなければならない。 art-175/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-4 If a court enforcement officer is granted the permission under the preceding paragraph and performs an act stated in the items of paragraph (1), the officer must present a document proving that they have been granted that permission in carrying out their duties. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項又は第二項の規定による債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為は、債権者が第一項又は第二項に規定する場所に出頭した場合に限り、することができる。 art-175/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-5 The acts needed to remove the child from the care of the obligor under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) may be carried out only if the obligee is present at the place prescribed in paragraph (1) or paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 執行裁判所は、債権者が第一項又は第二項に規定する場所に出頭することができない場合であつても、その代理人が債権者に代わつて当該場所に出頭することが、当該代理人と子との関係、当該代理人の知識及び経験その他の事情に照らして子の利益の保護のために相当と認めるときは、前項の規定にかかわらず、債権者の申立てにより、当該代理人が当該場所に出頭した場合においても、第一項又は第二項の規定による債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為をすることができる旨の決定をすることができる。 art-175/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-6 Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, even if the obligee cannot be present at the place prescribed in paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), if the enforcement court finds that having the obligee's agent present at that place in lieu of the obligee is sufficient to protect the interests of the child in light of the relationship between the agent and the child, the agent's knowledge and experience, and other relevant circumstances, the enforcement court, at the petition of the obligee, may issue an order indicating that the necessary acts to remove the child from the care of the obligor under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) may also be performed if that agent is present at the place in question. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 執行裁判所は、いつでも前項の決定を取り消すことができる。 art-175/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-7 The enforcement court may set aside the order referred to in the preceding paragraph at any time. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 執行官は、第六条第一項の規定にかかわらず、子に対して威力を用いることはできない。子以外の者に対して威力を用いることが子の心身に有害な影響を及ぼすおそれがある場合においては、当該子以外の者についても、同様とする。 art-175/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-8 Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (1), the court enforcement officer may not use force on a child. The same applies to a person other than the child if there is a risk that using force against that person would physically or psychologically harm the child. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 執行官は、第一項又は第二項の規定による債務者による子の監護を解くために必要な行為をするに際し、債権者又はその代理人に対し、必要な指示をすることができる。 art-175/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-9 When performing the necessary acts to remove the child from the care of the obligor under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), the court enforcement officer may give the necessary instructions to the obligee or their agent. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十六条（執行裁判所及び執行官の責務） — (Responsibilities of Enforcement Courts and Court Enforcement Officers) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-176 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-176 **第一項** 執行裁判所及び執行官は、第百七十四条第一項第一号に掲げる方法による子の引渡しの強制執行の手続において子の引渡しを実現するに当たつては、子の年齢及び発達の程度その他の事情を踏まえ、できる限り、当該強制執行が子の心身に有害な影響を及ぼさないように配慮しなければならない。 art-176/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-176/par-1 In bringing about a child handover in proceedings to enforce the handing over of the child by the means stated in Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i), the enforcement court and court enforcement officer must give as much consideration as possible to preventing enforcement from physically or psychologically harming the child, taking into account the child's age and level of development and other relevant circumstances. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十七条（意思表示の擬制） — (Constructive Manifestations of Intention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-177 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177 **第一項** 意思表示をすべきことを債務者に命ずる判決その他の裁判が確定し、又は和解、認諾、調停若しくは労働審判に係る債務名義が成立したときは、債務者は、その確定又は成立の時に意思表示をしたものとみなす。ただし、債務者の意思表示が、債権者の証明すべき事実の到来に係るときは第二十七条第一項の規定により執行文が付与された時に、反対給付との引換え又は債務の履行その他の債務者の証明すべき事実のないことに係るときは次項又は第三項の規定により執行文が付与された時に意思表示をしたものとみなす。 art-177/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177/par-1 When a judgment or any other judicial decision ordering the obligor to manifest their intention has become final and binding, or when a title of obligation related to a settlement, acknowledgment, mediation or labor tribunal decision has been established, the obligor is deemed to have manifested their intention at the time when the judicial decision became final and binding or the title of obligation is established; provided, however, that if the manifestation of intention by the obligor relates to actualization of a fact to be proved by an obligee, the obligor is deemed to have manifested their intention at the time when an attestation of enforceability is granted pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1), and if it relates to an exchange with counter-performance or relates to absence of a fact to be proved by the obligor such as performance of an obligation, the obligor is deemed to have manifested their intention at the time when an attestation of enforceability is provided pursuant to the provisions of the following paragraph or paragraph (3). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 債務者の意思表示が反対給付との引換えに係る場合においては、執行文は、債権者が反対給付又はその提供のあつたことを証する文書を提出したときに限り、付与することができる。 art-177/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177/par-2 If the obligor's manifestation of intention is in exchange for counter-performance, an attestation of enforceability may be granted only when the obligee has submitted a document proving that the counter-performance has been provided or its offer has been made. machine translation, not official **第三項** 債務者の意思表示が債務者の証明すべき事実のないことに係る場合において、執行文の付与の申立てがあつたときは、裁判所書記官は、債務者に対し一定の期間を定めてその事実を証明する文書を提出すべき旨を催告し、債務者がその期間内にその文書を提出しないときに限り、執行文を付与することができる。 art-177/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177/par-3 If the obligor's manifestation of intention concerns the absence of a fact to be proved by the obligor and a petition for granting an attestation of enforceability has been filed, a court clerk may demand that the obligor submit a document proving that fact, specifying a certain period for this, and may grant an attestation of enforceability only if the obligor fails to submit the document within that period. machine translation, not official ### 第百七十八条から第百七十九条まで 〔削除 / repealed〕 art-178-to-179 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-178-to-179 **第一項** 削除 art-178-to-179/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-178-to-179/par-1 no English for this paragraph --- ## Cites - art-168/par-1: この条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条 (Article 168), art-168 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168 - art-168/par-1: 次条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 - art-168/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-3: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-168/par-6: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項 (Article 168, paragraph (5)), art-168/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-5 - art-168/par-7: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項 (Article 168, paragraph (6)), art-168/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-6 - art-168/par-8: 第五項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項 (Article 168, paragraph (5)), art-168/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-5 - art-168/par-8: 第六項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項 (Article 168, paragraph (6)), art-168/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-6 - art-168/par-9: 第五十七条第五項 → 民事執行法 第五十七条第五項 (Article 57, paragraph (5)), art-57/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-55#art-57/par-5 - art-168/par-9: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-168-2/par-1: 次項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第二項 (Article 168-2, paragraph (2)), art-168-2/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-2 - art-168-2/par-1: この条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 - art-168-2/par-2: 第六項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第六項 (Article 168-2, paragraph (6)), art-168-2/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-6 - art-168-2/par-2: この条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 - art-168-2/par-3: 第五項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第五項 (Article 168-2, paragraph (5)), art-168-2/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-5 - art-168-2/par-6: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第一項 (Article 168-2, paragraph (1)), art-168-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-1 - art-168-2/par-6: この条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 - art-168-2/par-6: 第四十二条 → 民事執行法 第四十二条 (Article 42), art-42 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-34#art-42 - art-168-2/par-6: 前条 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条 (Article 168), art-168 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168 - art-168-2/par-7: 第三十六条 → 民事執行法 第三十六条 (Article 36), art-36 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-34#art-36 - art-168-2/par-7: 第三十七条 → 民事執行法 第三十七条 (Article 37), art-37 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-34#art-37 - art-168-2/par-7: 第三十八条第三項 → 民事執行法 第三十八条第三項 (Article 38, paragraph (3)), art-38/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-34#art-38/par-3 - art-168-2/par-9: 第六項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二第六項 (Article 168-2, paragraph (6)), art-168-2/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2/par-6 - art-169/par-1: 第百六十八条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-169/par-2: 第百二十二条第二項 → 民事執行法 第百二十二条第二項 (Article 122, paragraph (2)), art-122/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-115#art-122/par-2 - art-169/par-2: 第百二十三条第二項 → 民事執行法 第百二十三条第二項 (Article 123, paragraph (2)), art-123/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-115#art-123/par-2 - art-169/par-2: 第百六十八条第五項から第八項まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第五項 (Article 168, paragraph (5)), art-168/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-5 - art-169/par-2: 第百六十八条第五項から第八項まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第六項 (Article 168, paragraph (6)), art-168/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-6 - art-169/par-2: 第百六十八条第五項から第八項まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第七項 (Article 168, paragraph (7)), art-168/par-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-7 - art-169/par-2: 第百六十八条第五項から第八項まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第八項 (Article 168, paragraph (8)), art-168/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-8 - art-169/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百六十九条第一項 (Article 169, paragraph (1)), art-169/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169/par-1 - art-170/par-2: 第百四十四条 → 民事執行法 第百四十四条 (Article 144), art-144 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-128#art-144 - art-170/par-2: 第百四十五条 → 民事執行法 第百四十五条 (Article 145), art-145 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-145 - art-170/par-2: 第四項 → 民事執行法 第百四十五条第四項 (Article 145, paragraph (4)), art-145/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-145/par-4 - art-170/par-2: 第百四十七条 → 民事執行法 第百四十七条 (Article 147), art-147 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-147 - art-170/par-2: 第百四十八条 → 民事執行法 第百四十八条 (Article 148), art-148 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-148 - art-170/par-2: 第百五十五条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百五十五条第一項 (Article 155, paragraph (1)), art-155/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-155/par-1 - art-170/par-2: 第三項 → 民事執行法 第百五十五条第三項 (Article 155, paragraph (3)), art-155/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-145#art-155/par-3 - art-170/par-2: 第百五十八条 → 民事執行法 第百五十八条 (Article 158), art-158 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-2/from-art-157#art-158 - art-170/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十条第一項 (Article 170, paragraph (1)), art-170/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170/par-1 - art-171/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-171/par-2: 第三十三条第二項第一号 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項第一号 (Article 33, paragraph (2), item (i)), art-33/par-2/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2/item-1 - art-171/par-2: 第六号 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項第六号 (Article 33, paragraph (2), item (vi)), art-33/par-2/item-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2/item-6 - art-171/par-3: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-171/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-171/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-171/par-5: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第四項 (Article 171, paragraph (4)), art-171/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-4 - art-171/par-6: 第六条第二項 → 民事執行法 第六条第二項 (Article 6, paragraph (2)), art-6/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-6/par-2 - art-171/par-6: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-172/par-1: 前条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-172/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-172/par-3: 前二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-172/par-3: 前二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第二項 (Article 172, paragraph (2)), art-172/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-2 - art-172/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-172/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-172/par-5: 第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第二項 (Article 172, paragraph (2)), art-172/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-2 - art-172/par-6: 前条第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第二項 (Article 171, paragraph (2)), art-171/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-2 - art-172/par-6: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十八条第一項 (Article 168, paragraph (1)), art-168/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十九条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百六十九条第一項 (Article 169, paragraph (1)), art-169/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 第百七十条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十条第一項 (Article 170, paragraph (1)), art-170/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 第百七十一条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条から第百七十一条まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条 (Article 168), art-168 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条から第百七十一条まで → 民事執行法 第百六十八条の二 (Article 168-2), art-168-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-168-2 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条から第百七十一条まで → 民事執行法 第百六十九条 (Article 169), art-169 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-169 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条から第百七十一条まで → 民事執行法 第百七十条 (Article 170), art-170 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-170 - art-173/par-1: 第百六十八条から第百七十一条まで → 民事執行法 第百七十一条 (Article 171), art-171 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171 - art-173/par-1: 前条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-173/par-1: 同条第二項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第二項 (Article 172, paragraph (2)), art-172/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-2 - art-173/par-1: 同条第二項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第三項 (Article 172, paragraph (3)), art-172/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-3 - art-173/par-1: 同条第二項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第四項 (Article 172, paragraph (4)), art-172/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-4 - art-173/par-1: 同条第二項から第五項まで → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第五項 (Article 172, paragraph (5)), art-172/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-5 - art-173/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十三条第一項 (Article 173, paragraph (1)), art-173/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-173/par-1 - art-173/par-2: 第三十三条第二項 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項 (Article 33, paragraph (2)), art-33/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2 - art-173/par-2: 第一号の二 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項第一号の二 (Article 33, paragraph (2), item (i-2)), art-33/par-2/item-1-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2/item-1-2 - art-173/par-2: 第一号の三 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項第一号の三 (Article 33, paragraph (2), item (i-3)), art-33/par-2/item-1-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2/item-1-3 - art-173/par-2: 第四号 → 民事執行法 第三十三条第二項第四号 (Article 33, paragraph (2), item (iv)), art-33/par-2/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-33/par-2/item-4 - art-174/par-1/item-2: 第百七十二条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-174/par-2: 前項第一号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第一号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-174/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 - art-174/par-2/item-1: 第百七十二条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十二条第一項 (Article 172, paragraph (1)), art-172/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-172/par-1 - art-174/par-2/item-2: 前項第二号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第二号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-174/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-2 - art-174/par-3: 第一項第一号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第一号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-174/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 - art-174/par-4: 第一項第一号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第一号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-174/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 - art-174/par-5: 第百七十一条第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第二項 (Article 171, paragraph (2)), art-171/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-2 - art-174/par-5: 第一項第一号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第一号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-174/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 - art-174/par-5: 同条第四項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第四項 (Article 171, paragraph (4)), art-171/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-4 - art-174/par-6: 第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第二項 (Article 174, paragraph (2)), art-174/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-2 - art-174/par-6: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第五項 (Article 174, paragraph (5)), art-174/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-5 - art-174/par-6: 第百七十一条第四項 → 民事執行法 第百七十一条第四項 (Article 171, paragraph (4)), art-171/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-168#art-171/par-4 - art-175/par-2: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-2: 次項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第三項 (Article 175, paragraph (3)), art-175/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-3 - art-175/par-3: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-4: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第三項 (Article 175, paragraph (3)), art-175/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-3 - art-175/par-4: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-5: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-5: 第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第二項 (Article 175, paragraph (2)), art-175/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-2 - art-175/par-6: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-6: 第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第二項 (Article 175, paragraph (2)), art-175/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-2 - art-175/par-6: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第五項 (Article 175, paragraph (5)), art-175/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-5 - art-175/par-7: 前項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第六項 (Article 175, paragraph (6)), art-175/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-6 - art-175/par-8: 第六条第一項 → 民事執行法 第六条第一項 (Article 6, paragraph (1)), art-6/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-6/par-1 - art-175/par-9: 第一項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第一項 (Article 175, paragraph (1)), art-175/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-1 - art-175/par-9: 第二項 → 民事執行法 第百七十五条第二項 (Article 175, paragraph (2)), art-175/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-175/par-2 - art-176/par-1: 第百七十四条第一項第一号 → 民事執行法 第百七十四条第一項第一号 (Article 174, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-174/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-174/par-1/item-1 - art-177/par-1: 第二十七条第一項 → 民事執行法 第二十七条第一項 (Article 27, paragraph (1)), art-27/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-1/from-art-27#art-27/par-1 - art-177/par-1: 次項 → 民事執行法 第百七十七条第二項 (Article 177, paragraph (2)), art-177/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177/par-2 - art-177/par-1: 第三項 → 民事執行法 第百七十七条第三項 (Article 177, paragraph (3)), art-177/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-enforcement-act/amendments/20271205_507AC0000000057/text/ch-2/sec-3/from-art-172#art-177/par-3 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-19 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事執行法 — the text as 令和七年法律第五十七号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/354AC0000000004/20271205_507AC0000000057), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Enforcement Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Enforcement Act (民事執行法), Article 168-2, paragraph (5) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch civil-enforcement-act-20261019T093630-004, translated 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 民事執行法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19