# 民法 / Civil Code — 第五章 (Part 2, Chapter 5) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第五章 (Part 2, Chapter 5) — address `pt-2/ch-5` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/pt-2/ch-5 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-5 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ## 第五章　永小作権 — Chapter V Farming Rights heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/pt-2/ch-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-5 ### 第二百七十条（永小作権の内容） — (Content of Farming Rights) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-270 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-270 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-270 **第一項** 永小作人は、小作料を支払って他人の土地において耕作又は牧畜をする権利を有する。 art-270/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-270/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-270/par-1 A farming right holder has the right to pay rent and engage in cultivation or livestock farming on another person's land. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十一条（永小作人による土地の変更の制限） — (Limitations on Alterations to Land by Farming Right Holders) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-271 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-271 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-271 **第一項** 永小作人は、土地に対して、回復することのできない損害を生ずべき変更を加えることができない。 art-271/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-271/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-271/par-1 A farming right holder may not make any alteration of the land that results in irreparable damage. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十二条（永小作権の譲渡又は土地の賃貸） — (Assignment of Farming Rights or Leasing of Land) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-272 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-272 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-272 **第一項** 永小作人は、その権利を他人に譲り渡し、又はその権利の存続期間内において耕作若しくは牧畜のため土地を賃貸することができる。ただし、設定行為で禁じたときは、この限りでない。 art-272/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-272/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-272/par-1 A farming right holder may assign the holder's right to another person or lease the land during the duration of the right to cultivate or farm livestock; provided, however, that this does not apply if those acts are prohibited by the act that established that right. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十三条（賃貸借に関する規定の準用） — (Mutatis Mutandis Application of Provisions Regarding Lease) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-273 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-273 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-273 **第一項** 永小作人の義務については、この章の規定及び設定行為で定めるもののほか、その性質に反しない限り、賃貸借に関する規定を準用する。 art-273/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-273/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-273/par-1 Beyond what is provided for in this Chapter and those provided for in the act of establishment, provisions regarding lease apply mutatis mutandis to the obligations of a farming right holder, to the extent that application is not inconsistent with the nature of the same. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十四条（小作料の減免） — (Rent Reductions or Releases) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-274 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-274 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-274 **第一項** 永小作人は、不可抗力により収益について損失を受けたときであっても、小作料の免除又は減額を請求することができない。 art-274/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-274/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-274/par-1 A farming right holder may not demand release from or reduction in the rent even if there is a loss of profits due to force majeure. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十五条（永小作権の放棄） — (Waiver of Farming Rights) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-275 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-275 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-275 **第一項** 永小作人は、不可抗力によって、引き続き三年以上全く収益を得ず、又は五年以上小作料より少ない収益を得たときは、その権利を放棄することができる。 art-275/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-275/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-275/par-1 If a farming right holder has gained no profit whatsoever for three or more consecutive years or has gained profits less than the rent for five or more consecutive years due to force majeure, that holder may surrender waive that right. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十六条（永小作権の消滅請求） — (Demand for Extinction of Farming Rights) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-276 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-276 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-276 **第一項** 永小作人が引き続き二年以上小作料の支払を怠ったときは、土地の所有者は、永小作権の消滅を請求することができる。 art-276/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-276/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-276/par-1 If a farming right holder fails to pay the rent for two or more consecutive years, the landowner may demand the extinction of the farming right. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十七条（永小作権に関する慣習） — (Customs Regarding Farming Rights) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-277 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-277 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-277 **第一項** 第二百七十一条から前条までの規定と異なる慣習があるときは、その慣習に従う。 art-277/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-277/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-277/par-1 If there are customs that differ from the provisions of Article 271 through the preceding Article, those customs prevail. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十八条（永小作権の存続期間） — (Duration of Farming Rights) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-278 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-278 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-278 **第一項** 永小作権の存続期間は、二十年以上五十年以下とする。設定行為で五十年より長い期間を定めたときであっても、その期間は、五十年とする。 art-278/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-278/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-278/par-1 The duration of a farming right is 20 years or more and 50 years or less. Even if an act of establishment provides for a period longer than 50 years, the duration is 50 years. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 永小作権の設定は、更新することができる。ただし、その存続期間は、更新の時から五十年を超えることができない。 art-278/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-278/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-278/par-2 The establishment of farming right may be renewed; provided, however, that the duration of that right may not exceed 50 years from the time of renewal. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 設定行為で永小作権の存続期間を定めなかったときは、その期間は、別段の慣習がある場合を除き、三十年とする。 art-278/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-278/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-278/par-3 If an act of establishment does not provide for the duration of the farming right, the duration of that right is 30 years unless there are other customs to the contrary. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百七十九条（工作物等の収去等） — (Removal of Structures) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-279 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-279 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-279 **第一項** 第二百六十九条の規定は、永小作権について準用する。 art-279/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-279/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-279/par-1 The provisions of Article 269 apply mutatis mutandis to farming rights. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十一条 (Article 271), art-271 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-271 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-271 - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十二条 (Article 272), art-272 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-272 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-272 - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十三条 (Article 273), art-273 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-273 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-273 - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十四条 (Article 274), art-274 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-274 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-274 - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十五条 (Article 275), art-275 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-275 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-275 - art-277/par-1: 第二百七十一条から前条まで → 民法 第二百七十六条 (Article 276), art-276 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-276 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-276 - art-279/par-1: 第二百六十九条 → 民法 第二百六十九条 (Article 269), art-269 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-269 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-269 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11