# 民法 / Civil Code — 第五百三十六条 (Article 536) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第五百三十六条 (Article 536)（債務者の危険負担等） — address `art-536` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-536 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-536 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第五百三十六条（債務者の危険負担等） — (Obligors' Bearing of Risk) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-536 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-536 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-536 **第一項** 当事者双方の責めに帰することができない事由によって債務を履行することができなくなったときは、債権者は、反対給付の履行を拒むことができる。 art-536/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-536/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-536/par-1 If the performance of an obligation becomes impossible due to grounds not attributable to either party, the obligee may refuse to perform counter-performance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 債権者の責めに帰すべき事由によって債務を履行することができなくなったときは、債権者は、反対給付の履行を拒むことができない。この場合において、債務者は、自己の債務を免れたことによって利益を得たときは、これを債権者に償還しなければならない。 art-536/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-536/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-536/par-2 If the performance of an obligation becomes impossible due to grounds attributable to the obligee, the obligee may not refuse to complete counter-performance. In such a case, if the obligor benefits from being released from that obligation, the obligor must reimburse the obligee for the benefit. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民法 第六百六十七条の二第一項（他の組合員の債務不履行） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-667-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-667-2/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11