# 民法 / Civil Code — 第四百十二条 (Article 412) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第四百十二条 (Article 412)（履行期と履行遅滞） — address `art-412` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-412 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-412 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第四百十二条（履行期と履行遅滞） — (Time of Performance and Delay in Performance) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-412 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-412 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-412 **第一項** 債務の履行について確定期限があるときは、債務者は、その期限の到来した時から遅滞の責任を負う。 art-412/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-412/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-412/par-1 If a fixed due date is assigned to the performance of an obligation, the obligor is liable for delay from the time that due date arrives. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 債務の履行について不確定期限があるときは、債務者は、その期限の到来した後に履行の請求を受けた時又はその期限の到来したことを知った時のいずれか早い時から遅滞の責任を負う。 art-412/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-412/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-412/par-2 If an uncertain due date is assigned to the performance of an obligation, the obligor is liable for delay from the time when the obligor receives the request for performance after the due date arrives or the time when the obligor becomes aware of the arrival of that due date, whichever comes earlier. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 債務の履行について期限を定めなかったときは、債務者は、履行の請求を受けた時から遅滞の責任を負う。 art-412/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-412/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-412/par-3 If no time limit is assigned to the performance of an obligation, the obligor is liable for delay from the time the obligor receives the request for performance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民法 附則第十七条第一項（債務不履行の責任等に関する経過措置） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/suppl-4291-44/art-17/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/suppl-4291-44/art-17/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11