# 民法 / Civil Code — 第三百十一条 (Article 311)

- Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号
- English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第三百十一条 (Article 311)（動産の先取特権） — address `art-311`
- Text in force since: 2026-06-24
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

---

### 第三百十一条（動産の先取特権） — (Statutory Liens over Movables)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-311 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311</sup>

      **第一項**  次に掲げる原因によって生じた債権を有する者は、債務者の特定の動産について先取特権を有する。
      <sup>art-311/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1</sup>
      A person that has a claim arising from the causes stated below has a statutory lien against specific movables of the obligor:
      <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **一**  不動産の賃貸借
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-1</sup>
        a lease of immovables;
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **二**  旅館の宿泊
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-2</sup>
        a lodging at a hotel;
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **三**  旅客又は荷物の運輸
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-3</sup>
        the transportation of passengers or luggage;
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **四**  動産の保存
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-4</sup>
        the preservation of movables;
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **五**  動産の売買
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-5</sup>
        the sale of movables;
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **六**  種苗又は肥料（蚕種又は蚕の飼養に供した桑葉を含む。以下同じ。）の供給
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-6</sup>
        the supply of seeds and seedlings or fertilizer (including eggs of silkworms or mulberry leaves provided to feed silkworms; the same applies below);
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **七**  農業の労務
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-7</sup>
        agricultural labor; or
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

        **八**  工業の労務
        <sup>art-311/par-1/item-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-311/par-1/item-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-311/par-1/item-8</sup>
        industrial labor.
        <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

---

## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11
- This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11