# 民法 / Civil Code — 第三十一条 (Article 31)

- Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号
- English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第三十一条 (Article 31)（失踪の宣告の効力） — address `art-31`
- Text in force since: 2026-06-24
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-31
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-31
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

---

### 第三十一条（失踪の宣告の効力） — (Effect of Declarations of Presumed Death)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-31 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-31 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-31</sup>

    **第一項**  前条第一項の規定により失踪の宣告を受けた者は同項の期間が満了した時に、同条第二項の規定により失踪の宣告を受けた者はその危難が去った時に、死亡したものとみなす。
    <sup>art-31/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-31/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-31/par-1</sup>
    A person subject to a declaration of presumed death pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is deemed to have died when the period of time referred to in that paragraph ended, and a person subject to a declaration of presumed death pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of that Article is deemed to have died when that danger had passed.
    <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

---

## Cites
- art-31/par-1: 前条第一項 → 民法 第三十条第一項 (Article 30, paragraph (1)), art-30/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-30/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-30/par-1
- art-31/par-1: 同条第二項 → 民法 第三十条第二項 (Article 30, paragraph (2)), art-30/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-30/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-30/par-2

## Cited by

2 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction.

- 戸籍法 第九十四条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/family-register-act/art-94/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000224/art-94/par-1
- 民法 第三十二条第一項（失踪の宣告の取消し） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-32/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-32/par-1

---

## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11
- This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11