# 民法 / Civil Code — 第二百四十九条 (Article 249)

- Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号
- English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第二百四十九条 (Article 249)（共有物の使用） — address `art-249`
- Text in force since: 2026-06-24
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-249
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-249
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第二百四十九条（共有物の使用） — (Use of Property in Co-Ownership)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-249 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-249 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-249</sup>

    **第一項**  各共有者は、共有物の全部について、その持分に応じた使用をすることができる。
    <sup>art-249/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-249/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-249/par-1</sup>
    Each co-owner may use the entire property in co-ownership in proportion to each co-owner's interest.
    <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

    **第二項**  共有物を使用する共有者は、別段の合意がある場合を除き、他の共有者に対し、自己の持分を超える使用の対価を償還する義務を負う。
    <sup>art-249/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-249/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-249/par-2</sup>
    Unless otherwise agreed, a co-owner who uses the property in co-ownership is obligated to reimburse other co-owners for the use of the property in co-ownership in excess of the co-owner's ownership share.
    <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

    **第三項**  共有者は、善良な管理者の注意をもって、共有物の使用をしなければならない。
    <sup>art-249/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-249/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-249/par-3</sup>
    A co-owner must use the property in co-ownership with the due care of a prudent manager.
    <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11
- This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11