# 民法 / Civil Code — 第百二十一条の二 (Article 121-2) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第百二十一条の二 (Article 121-2)（原状回復の義務） — address `art-121-2` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第百二十一条の二（原状回復の義務） — (Obligation of Restoration) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-121-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2 **第一項** 無効な行為に基づく債務の履行として給付を受けた者は、相手方を原状に復させる義務を負う。 art-121-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-1 A person that has received payment or delivery as the performance of an obligation based on a void act has an obligation to restore the other party to the original state. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定にかかわらず、無効な無償行為に基づく債務の履行として給付を受けた者は、給付を受けた当時その行為が無効であること（給付を受けた後に前条の規定により初めから無効であったものとみなされた行為にあっては、給付を受けた当時その行為が取り消すことができるものであること）を知らなかったときは、その行為によって現に利益を受けている限度において、返還の義務を負う。 art-121-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-2 Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if a person that receives payment or delivery as the performance of an obligation based on a void gratuitous act did not know that the act was void at the time of receiving the payment or delivery (or if the person did not know that the act may be revoked at the time of receiving the payment or delivery in the case of an act which is deemed void ab initio pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article after the receipt of the payment or delivery), has an obligation to return to the extent currently enriched by the act. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定にかかわらず、行為の時に意思能力を有しなかった者は、その行為によって現に利益を受けている限度において、返還の義務を負う。行為の時に制限行為能力者であった者についても、同様とする。 art-121-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-3 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), a person who has no mental capacity at the time of performing an act has an obligation to return to the extent currently enriched by the act. The same applies to a person who is a person with qualified legal capacity at the time of performing an act. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-121-2/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第百二十一条の二第一項 (Article 121-2, paragraph (1)), art-121-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-1 - art-121-2/par-2: 前条 → 民法 第百二十一条 (Article 121), art-121 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121 - art-121-2/par-3: 第一項 → 民法 第百二十一条の二第一項 (Article 121-2, paragraph (1)), art-121-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-1 ## Cited by 8 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民法 第百二十一条の二第二項（原状回復の義務） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-2 - 民法 第百二十一条の二第三項（原状回復の義務） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-121-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-121-2/par-3 - 民法 第八百六十五条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-865/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-865/par-2 - 民法 第八百六十六条第二項（被後見人の財産等の譲受けの取消し） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-866/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-866/par-2 - 民法 第八百七十二条第二項（未成年被後見人と未成年後見人等との間の契約等の取消し） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/art-872/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-872/par-2 - 民法 附則第八条第一項（無効及び取消しに関する経過措置） — https://japanlaw.org/en/civil-code/suppl-4291-44/art-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/suppl-4291-44/art-8/par-1 - 消費者契約法 第六条の二第一項（取消権を行使した消費者の返還義務） — https://japanlaw.org/en/consumer-contract-act/art-6-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/412AC0000000061/art-6-2/par-1 - 特定商取引に関する法律 第九条の三第五項（訪問販売における契約の申込み又はその承諾の意思表示の取消し） — https://japanlaw.org/en/specified-commercial-transactions-act/art-9-3/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/351AC0000000057/art-9-3/par-5 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11