# 破産法 / Bankruptcy Act — 第百四十九条 (Article 149)

- Law: 破産法 (Bankruptcy Act), 平成十六年法律第七十五号
- English title "Bankruptcy Act": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第百四十九条 (Article 149)（使用人の給料等） — address `art-149`
- Text in force since: 2026-05-21
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-149
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-149
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第百四十九条（使用人の給料等） — (Salaries for Employees)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-149</sup>

**第一項**  破産手続開始前三月間の破産者の使用人の給料の請求権は、財団債権とする。
<sup>art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-149/par-1</sup>
A claim for the salary of employees of the bankrupt for the three months preceding the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings is to be a claim on the estate.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第二項**  破産手続の終了前に退職した破産者の使用人の退職手当の請求権（当該請求権の全額が破産債権であるとした場合に劣後的破産債権となるべき部分を除く。）は、退職前三月間の給料の総額（その総額が破産手続開始前三月間の給料の総額より少ない場合にあっては、破産手続開始前三月間の給料の総額）に相当する額を財団債権とする。
<sup>art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-149/par-2</sup>
A claim for a retirement allowance of an employee of the bankrupt who has retired prior to the closing of bankruptcy proceedings (excluding the part of the claim that is to be a subordinate bankruptcy claim when the whole amount of the claim is treated as a bankruptcy claim) is a claim on the estate for the amount equivalent to the total amount of the employee's salary for the three months preceding the retirement (if that amount is less than the total amount of the employee's salary for the three months preceding the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, the total amount for the three months preceding the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings).
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 破産法 — the text in force from 2026-05-21 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/416AC0000000075/20260521_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19
- This site's parser, version 204 — 破産法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19