# 破産法 / Bankruptcy Act — 第一章 (Chapter 1) - Law: 破産法 (Bankruptcy Act), 平成十六年法律第七十五号 - English title "Bankruptcy Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第一章 (Chapter 1) — address `ch-1` - Text: the text as amended with effect from 2028-06-13 (On a day set by Cabinet Order, no later than 13 June 2028 — the amending law allows up to five years from promulgation. The exact day is not fixed yet.) — NOT yet in force (revision 20280613_505AC0000000053) - URL (this text's page, at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#ch-1 - The same address in the text in force (its wording there may differ): https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/ch-1 - Every provision below carries its address and its place on this text's page on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. The Ministry's English is given only where this text's Japanese is a wording the Ministry translated — the same as the text in force, or for a text not yet in force, a wording it translated ahead; every other paragraph's English is machine translation. --- ## 第一章　総則 — Chapter I General Provisions heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ch-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#ch-1 ### 第一条（目的） — (Purpose) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-1 **第一項** この法律は、支払不能又は債務超過にある債務者の財産等の清算に関する手続を定めること等により、債権者その他の利害関係人の利害及び債務者と債権者との間の権利関係を適切に調整し、もって債務者の財産等の適正かつ公平な清算を図るとともに、債務者について経済生活の再生の機会の確保を図ることを目的とする。 art-1/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-1/par-1 The purpose of this Act is to appropriately coordinate the interests of creditors and other interested persons and the relationships of rights between debtors and creditors, with the aim of ensuring proper and fair liquidation of debtors' property, etc. and securing the opportunity for revitalization of their economic life, by specifying proceedings for liquidation of property held by debtors that are unable to pay debts or are insolvent, etc. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二条（定義） — (Definitions) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2 **第一項** この法律において「破産手続」とは、次章以下（第十二章を除く。）に定めるところにより、債務者の財産又は相続財産若しくは信託財産を清算する手続をいう。 art-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-1 The term "bankruptcy proceedings" as used in this Act means the procedure for liquidating a debtor's property, inherited property or trust property as provided for in the following Chapters (excluding Chapter XII). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** この法律において「破産事件」とは、破産手続に係る事件をいう。 art-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-2 The term "bankruptcy case" as used in this Act means a case related to bankruptcy proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** この法律において「破産裁判所」とは、破産事件が係属している地方裁判所をいう。 art-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-3 The term "bankruptcy court" as used in this Act means a district court before which a bankruptcy case is pending. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** この法律において「破産者」とは、債務者であって、第三十条第一項の規定により破産手続開始の決定がされているものをいう。 art-2/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-4 The term "bankrupt" as used in this Act means a debtor against whom an order commencing bankruptcy proceedings has been made pursuant to the provisions of Article 30, paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** この法律において「破産債権」とは、破産者に対し破産手続開始前の原因に基づいて生じた財産上の請求権（第九十七条各号に掲げる債権を含む。）であって、財団債権に該当しないものをいう。 art-2/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-5 The term "bankruptcy claim" as used in this Act means a claim on property arising against the bankrupt from a cause that has occurred before the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings (including the claims stated in the items of Article 97), which does not fall within the scope of claims on the estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** この法律において「破産債権者」とは、破産債権を有する債権者をいう。 art-2/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-6 The term "bankruptcy creditor" as used in this Act means a creditor that holds a bankruptcy claim. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** この法律において「財団債権」とは、破産手続によらないで破産財団から随時弁済を受けることができる債権をいう。 art-2/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-7 The term "claim on the estate" as used in this Act means a claim which may be paid from the bankruptcy estate at any time without going through bankruptcy proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** この法律において「財団債権者」とは、財団債権を有する債権者をいう。 art-2/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-8 The term "holder of claim on the estate" as used in this Act means a creditor that holds a claim on the estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** この法律において「別除権」とは、破産手続開始の時において破産財団に属する財産につき特別の先取特権、質権又は抵当権を有する者がこれらの権利の目的である財産について第六十五条第一項の規定により行使することができる権利をいう。 art-2/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-9 The term "right of separate satisfaction" as used in this Act means a right that a person that holds a special statutory lien, pledge or mortgage against property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate, may exercise at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, pursuant to the provisions of Article 65, paragraph (1), against the property that is the subject matter of these rights. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十項** この法律において「別除権者」とは、別除権を有する者をいう。 art-2/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-10 The term "holder of a right of separate satisfaction" as used in this Act means a person that holds a right of separate satisfaction. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十一項** この法律において「支払不能」とは、債務者が、支払能力を欠くために、その債務のうち弁済期にあるものにつき、一般的かつ継続的に弁済することができない状態（信託財産の破産にあっては、受託者が、信託財産による支払能力を欠くために、信託財産責任負担債務（信託法（平成十八年法律第百八号）第二条第九項に規定する信託財産責任負担債務をいう。以下同じ。）のうち弁済期にあるものにつき、一般的かつ継続的に弁済することができない状態）をいう。 art-2/par-11 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-11 The term "unable to pay debts" as used in this Act means the condition in which a debtor is generally and continuously unable to pay debts as they become due, due to the lack of ability to pay (in the case of bankruptcy of the trust property, the condition in which the trustee is generally and continuously unable to pay obligation covered by the trust property due to the lack of ability to pay with the trust property (meaning obligations covered by the trust property as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9) of the Trust Act (Act No. 108 of 2006); the same applies below) as they become due). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十二項** この法律において「破産管財人」とは、破産手続において破産財団に属する財産の管理及び処分をする権利を有する者をいう。 art-2/par-12 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-12 The term "bankruptcy trustee" as used in this Act means a person that has a right to administer and dispose of property that belongs to the bankruptcy estate in bankruptcy proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十三項** この法律において「保全管理人」とは、第九十一条第一項の規定により債務者の財産に関し管理を命じられた者をいう。 art-2/par-13 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-13 The term "temporary administrator" as used in this Act means a person that is ordered to administer a debtor's property pursuant to the provisions of Article 91, paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十四項** この法律において「破産財団」とは、破産者の財産又は相続財産若しくは信託財産であって、破産手続において破産管財人にその管理及び処分をする権利が専属するものをいう。 art-2/par-14 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-2/par-14 The term "bankruptcy estate" as used in this Act means a bankrupt's property, inherited property, or trust property for which a bankruptcy trustee has an exclusive right to administer and dispose of in bankruptcy proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三条（外国人の地位） — (Status of Foreign Nationals) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-3 **第一項** 外国人又は外国法人は、破産手続、第十二章第一節の規定による免責手続（以下「免責手続」という。）及び同章第二節の規定による復権の手続（以下この章において「破産手続等」と総称する。）に関し、日本人又は日本法人と同一の地位を有する。 art-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-3/par-1 A foreign national or foreign corporation has the same status as a Japanese national or Japanese corporation, with respect to bankruptcy proceedings, discharge proceedings under the provisions of Chapter XII, Section 1 (referred to below as "discharge proceedings") and proceedings for release from restrictions under the provisions of Section 2 of that Chapter (collectively referred to below as "bankruptcy proceedings, etc." in this Chapter). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第四条（破産事件の管轄） — (Jurisdiction over Bankruptcy Cases) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-4 **第一項** この法律の規定による破産手続開始の申立ては、債務者が個人である場合には日本国内に営業所、住所、居所又は財産を有するときに限り、法人その他の社団又は財団である場合には日本国内に営業所、事務所又は財産を有するときに限り、することができる。 art-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-4/par-1 A petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings under the provisions of this Act may be filed only if the debtor who is an individual has a business office, domicile, residence, or property in Japan, or if the debtor that is a corporation or any other association or foundation has a business office or other office or property in Japan. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 民事訴訟法（平成八年法律第百九号）の規定により裁判上の請求をすることができる債権は、日本国内にあるものとみなす。 art-4/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-4/par-2 A claim for which demand by litigation may be made pursuant to the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (Act No. 109 of 1996) is deemed to exist in Japan. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第五条 art-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5 **第一項** 破産事件は、債務者が、営業者であるときはその主たる営業所の所在地、営業者で外国に主たる営業所を有するものであるときは日本におけるその主たる営業所の所在地、営業者でないとき又は営業者であっても営業所を有しないときはその普通裁判籍の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所が管轄する。 art-5/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 A bankruptcy case is subject to the jurisdiction of the district court that has jurisdiction over: if the debtor engages in business, the locality of the debtor's principal business office; if the debtor engages in business and has a principal business office in a foreign state, the locality of the debtor's principal business office in Japan; if the debtor does not engage in business, or engages in business, but does not have any business office, the locality of the debtor's general venue. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定による管轄裁判所がないときは、破産事件は、債務者の財産の所在地（債権については、裁判上の請求をすることができる地）を管轄する地方裁判所が管轄する。 art-5/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 If there is no court with jurisdiction under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a bankruptcy case is subject to the jurisdiction of the district court that has jurisdiction over the locality of the debtor's property (in the case of a claim, the place where demand by litigation may be made). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前二項の規定にかかわらず、法人が株式会社の総株主の議決権（株主総会において決議をすることができる事項の全部につき議決権を行使することができない株式についての議決権を除き、会社法（平成十七年法律第八十六号）第八百七十九条第三項の規定により議決権を有するものとみなされる株式についての議決権を含む。次項、第八十三条第二項第二号及び第三項並びに第百六十一条第二項第二号イ及びロにおいて同じ。）の過半数を有する場合には、当該法人（以下この条及び第百六十一条第二項第二号ロにおいて「親法人」という。）について破産事件、再生事件又は更生事件（以下この条において「破産事件等」という。）が係属しているときにおける当該株式会社（以下この条及び第百六十一条第二項第二号ロにおいて「子株式会社」という。）についての破産手続開始の申立ては、親法人の破産事件等が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができ、子株式会社について破産事件等が係属しているときにおける親法人についての破産手続開始の申立ては、子株式会社の破産事件等が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができる。 art-5/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-3 Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, if a corporation holds the majority of voting rights (excluding the voting rights of the shares of stock which may not be exercised for all matters that may be resolved at a shareholders meeting, and including the voting rights of the shares of stock for which the shareholder is deemed to have voting rights pursuant to the provisions of Article 879, paragraph (3) of the Companies Act (Act No. 86 of 2005); the same applies below in the following paragraph, Article 83, paragraph (2), item (ii) and paragraph (3) and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (a) and sub-item (b)) of all shareholders of a stock company, if a bankruptcy case, rehabilitation case, or reorganization case (referred to below as a "bankruptcy case, etc." in this Article) is pending against the corporation (referred to below as a "parent corporation" in this Article and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (b)), a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the stock company (referred to below as a "subsidiary stock company" in this Article and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (b)) may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the parent corporation is pending, and if a bankruptcy case, etc. is pending against the subsidiary stock company, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the parent corporation may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the subsidiary stock company is pending. Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, if a corporation holds the majority of voting rights (excluding the voting rights of the shares of stock which may not be exercised for all matters that may be resolved at a shareholders meeting, and including the voting rights of the shares of stock for which the shareholder is deemed to have voting rights pursuant to the provisions of Article 879, paragraph (3) of the Companies Act (Act No. 86 of 2005); the same applies below in the following paragraph, Article 83, paragraph (2), item (ii) and paragraph (3) and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (a) and sub-item (b)) of all shareholders of a stock company, if a bankruptcy case, rehabilitation case, or reorganization case referred to below as a "bankruptcy case, etc." in this Article) is pending against the corporation (referred to below as a "parent corporation" in this Article and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (b)), a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the stock company (referred to below as a "subsidiary stock company" in this Article and Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii), sub-item (b)) may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the parent corporation is pending, and if a bankruptcy case, etc. is pending against the subsidiary stock company, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the parent corporation may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the subsidiary stock company is pending." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb **第四項** 子株式会社又は親法人及び子株式会社が他の株式会社の総株主の議決権の過半数を有する場合には、当該他の株式会社を当該親法人の子株式会社とみなして、前項の規定を適用する。 art-5/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-4 If a subsidiary stock company independently holds, or a parent corporation and a subsidiary stock company jointly hold the majority of voting rights of all shareholders of another stock company, the provisions of the preceding paragraph are applied as if the other stock company is a subsidiary stock company of the parent corporation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、株式会社が最終事業年度について会社法第四百四十四条の規定により当該株式会社及び他の法人に係る連結計算書類（同条第一項に規定する連結計算書類をいう。）を作成し、かつ、当該株式会社の定時株主総会においてその内容が報告された場合には、当該株式会社について破産事件等が係属しているときにおける当該他の法人についての破産手続開始の申立ては、当該株式会社の破産事件等が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができ、当該他の法人について破産事件等が係属しているときにおける当該株式会社についての破産手続開始の申立ては、当該他の法人の破産事件等が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができる。 art-5/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-5 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), if a stock company has prepared consolidated financial statements (meaning consolidated financial statements prescribed in paragraph (1) of that Article) for the most recent fiscal year with regard to the stock company itself and another corporation, and reported the contents of the statement at an annual shareholders meeting of the stock company as provided for by Article 444 of the Companies Act, if a bankruptcy case, etc. is pending against the stock company, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the other corporation may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the stock company is pending, and if a bankruptcy case, etc. is pending against the other corporation, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the stock company may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the other corporation is pending. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、法人について破産事件等が係属している場合における当該法人の代表者についての破産手続開始の申立ては、当該法人の破産事件等が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができ、法人の代表者について破産事件又は再生事件が係属している場合における当該法人についての破産手続開始の申立ては、当該法人の代表者の破産事件又は再生事件が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができる。 art-5/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-6 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), if a bankruptcy case, etc. is pending against a corporation, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the representative person of the corporation may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case, etc. against the corporation is pending, and if a bankruptcy case or rehabilitation case is pending against the representative person of a corporation, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the corporation may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case or rehabilitation case against the representative person of the corporation is pending. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、次の各号に掲げる者のうちいずれか一人について破産事件が係属しているときは、それぞれ当該各号に掲げる他の者についての破産手続開始の申立ては、当該破産事件が係属している地方裁判所にもすることができる。 art-5/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), if a bankruptcy case is pending against either one of the persons stated in each of the following items, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings against the other person stated in the respective items may also be filed with the district court before which the bankruptcy case is pending: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 相互に連帯債務者の関係にある個人 art-5/par-7/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7/item-1 individual who is a joint and several obligor with each other; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 相互に主たる債務者と保証人の関係にある個人 art-5/par-7/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7/item-2 individual one of whom is a principal obligor and the other is their guarantor; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 夫婦 art-5/par-7/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7/item-3 husband and wife. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第八項** 第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、破産手続開始の決定がされたとすれば破産債権となるべき債権を有する債権者の数が五百人以上であるときは、これらの規定による管轄裁判所の所在地を管轄する高等裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所にも、破産手続開始の申立てをすることができる。 art-5/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-8 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2), if an order commencing bankruptcy proceedings is made and there are 500 or more creditors that hold claims that are supposed to be bankruptcy claims, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings may also be filed with the district court that has jurisdiction over the locality of the high court that has jurisdiction over the locality of the court with jurisdiction under these provisions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第九項** 第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、前項に規定する債権者の数が千人以上であるときは、東京地方裁判所又は大阪地方裁判所にも、破産手続開始の申立てをすることができる。 art-5/par-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-9 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), if there are 1,000 or more creditors prescribed in the preceding paragraph, a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings may also be filed with the Tokyo District Court or the Osaka District Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第十項** 前各項の規定により二以上の地方裁判所が管轄権を有するときは、破産事件は、先に破産手続開始の申立てがあった地方裁判所が管轄する。 art-5/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-10 If two or more district courts have jurisdiction over a bankruptcy case pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraphs, the bankruptcy case is subject to the jurisdiction of the district court with which the first petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings is filed. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第六条（専属管轄） — (Exclusive Jurisdiction) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-6 **第一項** この法律に規定する裁判所の管轄は、専属とする。 art-6/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-6/par-1 The court jurisdiction prescribed in this Act is exclusive. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第七条（破産事件の移送） — (Transfer of Bankruptcy Cases) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-7 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7 **第一項** 裁判所は、著しい損害又は遅滞を避けるため必要があると認めるときは、職権で、破産事件（破産事件の債務者又は破産者による免責許可の申立てがある場合にあっては、破産事件及び当該免責許可の申立てに係る事件）を次に掲げる地方裁判所のいずれかに移送することができる。 art-7/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1 The court may transfer a bankruptcy case by its own authority (if the debtor involved in a bankruptcy case, or bankrupt files a petition for grant of discharge, or the bankruptcy case and the case related to the petition for grant of discharge) to any of the following district courts if the court finds it necessary to do so in order to avoid substantial detriment or delay: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 債務者の主たる営業所又は事務所以外の営業所又は事務所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-1 the district court that has jurisdiction over the locality of the debtor's business office or other office other than the debtor's principal business office or other principal office; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 債務者の住所又は居所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-2 the district court that has jurisdiction over the locality of the debtor's domicile or residence; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 第五条第二項に規定する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-3 the district court prescribed in Article 5, paragraph (2); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 次のイからハまでのいずれかに掲げる地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-4 any of the district courts listed in sub-items (a) through (c) below: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **イ** 第五条第三項から第七項までに規定する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1 the district court prescribed in Article 5, paragraphs (3) through (7); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **ロ** 破産手続開始の決定がされたとすれば破産債権となるべき債権を有する債権者（破産手続開始の決定後にあっては、破産債権者。ハにおいて同じ。）の数が五百人以上であるときは、第五条第八項に規定する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-2 the district court prescribed in Article 5, paragraph (8) if an order commencing bankruptcy proceedings is made and there are 500 or more creditors that hold claims that are supposed to be bankruptcy claims order commencing (after an order commencing bankruptcy proceedings is issued, bankruptcy creditors; the same applies in sub-item (c)); Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **ハ** ロに規定する債権者の数が千人以上であるときは、第五条第九項に規定する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-3 the district court prescribed in Article 5, paragraph (9) if there are 1,000 or more creditors prescribed in sub-item (b); or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 第五条第三項から第九項までの規定によりこれらの規定に規定する地方裁判所に破産事件が係属しているときは、同条第一項又は第二項に規定する地方裁判所 art-7/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-7/par-1/item-5 the district court prescribed in Article 5, paragraph (1) or (2) if the bankruptcy case is pending pursuant to the provisions of Article 5, paragraphs (3) through (9) at the district court prescribed in the respective provisions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第八条（任意的口頭弁論等） — (Optional Oral Argument) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-8 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-8 **第一項** 破産手続等に関する裁判は、口頭弁論を経ないですることができる。 art-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-8/par-1 A judicial decision concerning bankruptcy proceedings, etc. may be made without oral argument. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、職権で、破産手続等に係る事件に関して必要な調査をすることができる。 art-8/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-8/par-2 The court may conduct necessary investigation on a case related to bankruptcy proceedings, etc. by its own authority. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九条（不服申立て） — (Appeals) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-9 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-9 **第一項** 破産手続等に関する裁判につき利害関係を有する者は、この法律に特別の定めがある場合に限り、当該裁判に対し即時抗告をすることができる。その期間は、裁判の公告があった場合には、その公告が効力を生じた日から起算して二週間とする。 art-9/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-9/par-1 A person that has an interest in a judicial decision concerning bankruptcy proceedings, etc., only as specially provided for in this Act, may file an immediate appeal against the judicial decision. The period for filing is two weeks from the day on which the public notice becomes effective if a public notice of the juridical decision is made. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十条（公告等） — (Public Notices) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-10 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10 **第一項** この法律の規定による公告は、官報に掲載してする。 art-10/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-1 A public notice under the provisions of this Act is made public in the Official Gazette. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 公告は、掲載があった日の翌日に、その効力を生ずる。 art-10/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-2 A public notice becomes effective on the day following the day on which it is published. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** この法律の規定により送達をしなければならない場合には、公告をもって、これに代えることができる。ただし、この法律の規定により公告及び送達をしなければならない場合は、この限りでない。 art-10/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-3 If a service is required to be made pursuant to the provisions of this Act, it may be substituted by a public notice; provided, however, that this does not apply if both public notice and service are required to be made pursuant to the provisions of this Act. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** この法律の規定により裁判の公告がされたときは、一切の関係人に対して当該裁判の告知があったものとみなす。 art-10/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-4 When a public notice of a judicial decision is made pursuant to the provisions of this Act, it is deemed that all interested parties are notified of the judicial decision. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 前二項の規定は、この法律に特別の定めがある場合には、適用しない。 art-10/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-5 The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply if special provisions exist in this Act. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十一条（事件に関する文書の閲覧等） — (Access of Case Documents) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-11 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11 **第一項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、この法律（この法律において準用する他の法律を含む。次条第一項において同じ。）の規定に基づき、裁判所に提出され、又は裁判所が作成した文書その他の物件（以下この条及び第十二条第一項において「文書等」という。）の閲覧を請求することができる。 art-11/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11/par-1 An interested person may make a request to the court clerk for the inspection of documents and any other materials (referred to below as "documents and other materials" in this Article and Article 12, paragraph (1)) submitted to the court or prepared by the court pursuant to the provisions of this Act (including other Acts as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to this Act; the same applies in paragraph (1) of the following Article). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、文書等の謄写又はその正本、謄本若しくは抄本の交付を請求することができる。 art-11/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11/par-2 An interested person may make a request to the court clerk to copy documents and other materials, or to issue an authenticated copy, transcript, or extract of documents, etc.. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前項の規定は、文書等のうち録音テープ又はビデオテープ（これらに準ずる方法により一定の事項を記録した物を含む。）に関しては、適用しない。この場合において、これらの物について利害関係人の請求があるときは、裁判所書記官は、その複製を許さなければならない。 art-11/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11/par-3 The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply with respect to documents and other materials which are prepared in the form of audiotapes or videotapes (including objects onto which a fixed set of information has been recorded by any equivalent means). In this case, upon the request of an interested person with regard to these materials, the court clerk must permit the reproduction of the documents and other materials prepared in audiotapes or videotapes. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十一条の二（ファイル記録事項の閲覧等） — (Access of Information from the Court's Computer Files) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-11-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2 **第一項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、この法律の規定に基づき裁判所の使用に係る電子計算機（入出力装置を含む。以下同じ。）に備えられたファイル（次項及び第三項並びに次条を除き、以下単に「ファイル」という。）に記録された事項（以下この条及び第十二条第六項において「ファイル記録事項」という。）の内容を最高裁判所規則で定める方法により表示したものの閲覧を請求することができる。 art-11-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-1 Pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, an interested person may make a request to the court clerk to inspect matters recorded in computer files (excluding the following paragraph, paragraph (3), and the following Article; simply referred to below as "computer files") (referred to below in this Article and Article 12, paragraph (6) as "information from the court's computer files") stored on a computer (including its input and output devices; the same applies below) used by the court pursuant to the provisions of this Act displayed in a manner prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、ファイル記録事項について、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、最高裁判所規則で定める電子情報処理組織（裁判所の使用に係る電子計算機と手続の相手方の使用に係る電子計算機とを電気通信回線で接続した電子情報処理組織をいう。以下同じ。）を使用してその者の使用に係る電子計算機に備えられたファイルに記録する方法その他の最高裁判所規則で定める方法による複写を請求することができる。 art-11-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-2 An interested person may make a request to the court clerk, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, to copy the information from the court's computer files by means of recording the matters in computer files stored on a computer used by the person by using an electronic data processing system (meaning an electronic data processing system connecting a computer used by the court to a computer used by the other party using the procedure via a telecommunications line; the same applies below) or any other method prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、ファイル記録事項の全部若しくは一部を記載した書面であって裁判所書記官が最高裁判所規則で定める方法により当該書面の内容がファイル記録事項と同一であることを証明したものを交付し、又はファイル記録事項の全部若しくは一部を記録した電磁的記録（電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。）であって裁判所書記官が最高裁判所規則で定める方法により当該電磁的記録の内容がファイル記録事項と同一であることを証明したものを最高裁判所規則で定める電子情報処理組織を使用してその者の使用に係る電子計算機に備えられたファイルに記録する方法その他の最高裁判所規則で定める方法により提供することを請求することができる。 art-11-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-3 An interested person may make a request to the court clerk, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, to issue a paper document stating all or part of the information from the court's computer files as certified by the court clerk to contain information in the paper document identical to the information from the court's computer files according to the methods prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court, or to provide an electronic or magnetic record (meaning any record which is produced by electronic, magnetic, or any other means unrecognizable by natural perceptive senses and is used for information processing by a computer; the same applies below) containing all or part of the information from the court's computer files as certified by the court clerk to contain information identical to the information from the court's computer files according to the methods prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court, by means of recording it in computer files stored on a computer used by the person via an electronic information processing system prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court or any other method prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十一条の三（事件に関する事項の証明） — (Certification of Matters Involved in the Case) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-11-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-3 **第一項** 利害関係人は、裁判所書記官に対し、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、事件に関する事項を記載した書面であって裁判所書記官が最高裁判所規則で定める方法により当該事項を証明したものを交付し、又は当該事項を記録した電磁的記録であって裁判所書記官が最高裁判所規則で定める方法により当該事項を証明したものを最高裁判所規則で定める電子情報処理組織を使用してその者の使用に係る電子計算機に備えられたファイルに記録する方法その他の最高裁判所規則で定める方法により提供することを請求することができる。 art-11-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-3/par-1 As provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court, an interested person may make a request to the court clerk to issue a paper document stating the matters involved in the case as certified by the court clerk with respect to the matters according to the methods prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court, or to provide an electronic or magnetic record containing the matters as certified by the court clerk with respect to the matters according to the methods prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court, by means of recording it in computer files stored on a computer used by the person via an electronic information process system or any other method prescribed by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十一条の四（閲覧等の特則） — (Special Provisions on Access) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-11-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-4 **第一項** 前三条の規定にかかわらず、次の各号に掲げる者は、当該各号に定める命令、保全処分又は裁判のいずれかがあるまでの間は、これらの規定による請求をすることができない。ただし、当該者が破産手続開始の申立人である場合は、この限りでない。 art-11-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-4/par-1 Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding three Articles, a person stated in the following items may not make a request under the provisions of the preceding three Articles until the order, provisional order, or judicial decision specified in the respective item is issued or made; provided, however, that this does not apply when the relevant person is a petitioner for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 債務者以外の利害関係人　第二十四条第一項の規定による中止の命令、第二十五条第二項に規定する包括的禁止命令、第二十八条第一項の規定による保全処分、第九十一条第二項に規定する保全管理命令、第百七十一条第一項の規定による保全処分又は破産手続開始の申立てについての裁判 art-11-4/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-4/par-1/item-1 an interested person other than the debtor:a suspension order under the provisions of Article 24, paragraph (1), comprehensive stay order prescribed in Article 25, paragraph (2), provisional order under the provisions of Article 28, paragraph (1), order for temporary administration prescribed in Article 91, paragraph (2), provisional order under the provisions of Article 171, paragraph (1) or judicial decision on a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 債務者　破産手続開始の申立てに関する口頭弁論若しくは債務者を呼び出す審尋の期日の指定の裁判又は前号に定める命令、保全処分若しくは裁判 art-11-4/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-4/par-1/item-2 the debtor:a judicial decision to designate the date for oral argument concerning for interrogation or date on which the debtor is to be summoned to appear with respect to a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings, or any order, provisional order, or judicial decision as specified in the preceding item. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十二条（支障部分の閲覧等の制限） — (Restrictions on Access of Detrimental Parts of Documents) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-12 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12 **第一項** 次に掲げる文書等について、利害関係人がその閲覧若しくは謄写、その正本、謄本若しくは抄本の交付又はその複製（以下この項から第三項までにおいて「閲覧等」という。）を行うことにより、破産財団（破産手続開始前にあっては、債務者の財産）の管理又は換価に著しい支障を生ずるおそれがある部分（以下この項から第三項までにおいて「支障部分」という。）があることにつき疎明があった場合には、裁判所は、当該文書等を提出した破産管財人又は保全管理人の申立てにより、支障部分の閲覧等の請求をすることができる者を、当該申立てをした者（その者が保全管理人である場合にあっては、保全管理人又は破産管財人。次項において同じ。）に限ることができる。 art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 If with regard to the following documents and other materials, a prima facie showing is made to the effect that the documents, etc. in question contain parts likely to be significantly detrimental to the administration or realization of the bankruptcy estate (prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, the debtor's property) if it is subject to the inspection or copying, issuance of an authenticated copy, transcription, or extraction or reproduction (hereinafter referred to as "access" in this paragraph through paragraph (3)) conducted by an interested person (the part of documents, etc. is referred to below as the "detrimental part" in this paragraph through paragraph (3)), upon the petition of a bankruptcy trustee or temporary administrator that submitted the documents, etc. in question, the court may limit persons that may make a request for access of the detrimental part to the person that has filed the petition (in case the petition has been filed by a temporary administrator, the temporary administrator or a bankruptcy trustee; the same applies in the following paragraph): Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 第三十六条、第四十条第一項ただし書若しくは同条第二項において準用する同条第一項ただし書（これらの規定を第九十六条第一項において準用する場合を含む。）、第七十八条第二項（第九十三条第三項において準用する場合を含む。）、第八十四条（第九十六条第一項において準用する場合を含む。）又は第九十三条第一項ただし書の許可を得るために裁判所に提出された文書等 art-12/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1/item-1 documents and other materials submitted to the court for the purpose of obtaining permission under Article 36, the proviso to Article 40, paragraph (1), or the proviso to paragraph (1) of that Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 40, paragraph (2) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 96, paragraph (1)), Article 78, paragraph (2) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 93, paragraph (3)), Article 84 (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 96, paragraph (1)) or the proviso to Article 93, paragraph (1); and Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 第百五十七条第二項の規定による報告に係る文書等 art-12/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1/item-2 documents and other materials related to the report under the provisions of Article 157, paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の申立てがあったときは、その申立てについての裁判が確定するまで、利害関係人（同項の申立てをした者を除く。次項において同じ。）は、支障部分の閲覧等の請求をすることができない。 art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-2 When the petition stated in the preceding paragraph is filed, an interested person (excluding the one who filed the petition stated in that paragraph; the same applies in the following paragraph) may not make a request for access of the detrimental part until a judicial decision on the petition becomes final and binding. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 支障部分の閲覧等の請求をしようとする利害関係人は、破産裁判所に対し、第一項に規定する要件を欠くこと又はこれを欠くに至ったことを理由として、同項の規定による決定の取消しの申立てをすることができる。 art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-3 An interested person that intends to make a request for access of the detrimental part may file a petition to the bankruptcy court for reversal of the order issued under the provisions of paragraph (1), on the grounds that the requirement prescribed in that paragraph is not met or is no longer met. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項の申立てを却下する決定及び前項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。 art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-4 An immediate appeal may be filed against an order dismissing the petition stated in paragraph (1), and a judicial decision on the petition stated in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第一項の規定による決定を取り消す決定は、確定しなければその効力を生じない。 art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-5 An order to reverse the order under the provisions of paragraph (1) does not become effective unless it becomes final and binding. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 前各項の規定は、ファイル記録事項について準用する。この場合において、第一項中「謄写、その正本、謄本若しくは抄本の交付又はその複製」とあるのは、「複写又はその内容の全部若しくは一部を証明した書面の交付若しくはその内容の全部若しくは一部を証明した電磁的記録の提供」と読み替えるものとする。 art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-6 The provisions of the preceding paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to information from the court's computer files. In this case, the phrase "copying, issuance of an authenticated copy, transcription, or extraction or reproduction" in paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "copying, issuance of certifying all or part of the content, or provision of electronic or magnetic record certifying all or part of the content". Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十三条（民事訴訟法の準用） — (Application, Mutatis Mutandis of the Code of Civil Procedure) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-13 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-13 **第一項** 特別の定めがある場合を除き、破産手続等に関しては、その性質に反しない限り、民事訴訟法第一編から第四編までの規定を準用する。この場合において、同法第百三十二条の十一第一項第一号中「第五十四条第一項ただし書の許可を得て訴訟代理人となったものを除く。）」とあるのは「弁護士に限る。）又は破産管財人、保全管理人、破産管財人代理若しくは保全管理人代理として選任を受けた者」と、「当該委任」とあるのは「当該委任又は選任」と、同項第二号中「第二条」とあるのは「第九条において準用する同法第二条」と読み替えるものとする。 art-13/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-13/par-1 Except when there are special provisions, unless contrary to their nature, the provisions of Part 1 through Part 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure apply mutatis mutandis to bankruptcy proceedings, etc. In this case, the phrase "excluding a person that became a litigation representative with approval pursuant to the proviso to Article 54, paragraph (1))" in Article 132-11, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Code of Civil Procedure, is deemed to be replaced with "limited to an attorney at law) or person appointed as a bankruptcy trustee, temporary administrator, bankruptcy trustee representative, or temporary administrator representative", "the delegation" in that item is deemed to be replaced with "the delegation or appointment", and "Article 2" in item (ii) of that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 2 of that Code applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 9". Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第十四条（最高裁判所規則） — (Rules of the Supreme Court) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-14 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-14 **第一項** この法律に定めるもののほか、破産手続等に関し必要な事項は、最高裁判所規則で定める。 art-14/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-14/par-1 Beyond what is provided for in this Act, the necessary particulars concerning bankruptcy proceedings, etc. are specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-2/par-4: 第三十条第一項 → 破産法 第三十条第一項 (Article 30, paragraph (1)), art-30/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-25#art-30/par-1 - art-2/par-5: 第九十七条 → 破産法 第九十七条 (Article 97), art-97 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-4/from-art-97#art-97 - art-2/par-9: 第六十五条第一項 → 破産法 第六十五条第一項 (Article 65, paragraph (1)), art-65/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-59#art-65/par-1 - art-2/par-11: 信託法（平成十八年法律第百八号）第二条第九項 → e-Gov law 418AC0000000108, 第二条第九項 (Article 2, paragraph (9)), art-2/par-9 — not held in this collection - art-2/par-13: 第九十一条第一項 → 破産法 第九十一条第一項 (Article 91, paragraph (1)), art-91/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-86#art-91/par-1 - art-5/par-2: 前項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-3: 前二項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-3: 前二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-3: 会社法（平成十七年法律第八十六号）第八百七十九条第三項 → 会社法 第八百七十九条第三項 (Article 879, paragraph (3)), art-879/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-879/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-879/par-3 - art-5/par-3: 次項 → 破産法 第五条第四項 (Article 5, paragraph (4)), art-5/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-4 - art-5/par-3: 第八十三条第二項第二号 → 破産法 第八十三条第二項第二号 (Article 83, paragraph (2), item (ii)), art-83/par-2/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-83/par-2/item-2 - art-5/par-3: 第三項 → 破産法 第八十三条第三項 (Article 83, paragraph (3)), art-83/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-83/par-3 - art-5/par-3: 第百六十一条第二項第二号 → 破産法 第百六十一条第二項第二号 (Article 161, paragraph (2), item (ii)), art-161/par-2/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-6/from-art-153#art-161/par-2/item-2 - art-5/par-3: この条 → 破産法 第五条 (Article 5), art-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5 - art-5/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第五条第三項 (Article 5, paragraph (3)), art-5/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-3 - art-5/par-5: 第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-5: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-5: 会社法第四百四十四条 → 会社法 第四百四十四条 (Article 444), art-444 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-444 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-444 - art-5/par-5: 同条第一項 → 会社法 第四百四十四条第一項 (Article 444, paragraph (1)), art-444/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/companies-act/art-444/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/417AC0000000086/art-444/par-1 - art-5/par-6: 第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-6: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-7: 第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-7: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-8: 第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-8: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-9: 第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-9: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-9: 前項 → 破産法 第五条第八項 (Article 5, paragraph (8)), art-5/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-8 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第三項 (Article 5, paragraph (3)), art-5/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-3 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第四項 (Article 5, paragraph (4)), art-5/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-4 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第五項 (Article 5, paragraph (5)), art-5/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-5 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第六項 (Article 5, paragraph (6)), art-5/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-6 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第七項 (Article 5, paragraph (7)), art-5/par-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第八項 (Article 5, paragraph (8)), art-5/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-8 - art-5/par-10: 前各項 → 破産法 第五条第九項 (Article 5, paragraph (9)), art-5/par-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-9 - art-7/par-1/item-3: 第五条第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1: 第五条第三項から第七項まで → 破産法 第五条第三項 (Article 5, paragraph (3)), art-5/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-3 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1: 第五条第三項から第七項まで → 破産法 第五条第四項 (Article 5, paragraph (4)), art-5/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-4 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1: 第五条第三項から第七項まで → 破産法 第五条第五項 (Article 5, paragraph (5)), art-5/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-5 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1: 第五条第三項から第七項まで → 破産法 第五条第六項 (Article 5, paragraph (6)), art-5/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-6 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-1: 第五条第三項から第七項まで → 破産法 第五条第七項 (Article 5, paragraph (7)), art-5/par-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-2: 第五条第八項 → 破産法 第五条第八項 (Article 5, paragraph (8)), art-5/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-8 - art-7/par-1/item-4/sub-3: 第五条第九項 → 破産法 第五条第九項 (Article 5, paragraph (9)), art-5/par-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-9 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第三項 (Article 5, paragraph (3)), art-5/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-3 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第四項 (Article 5, paragraph (4)), art-5/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-4 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第五項 (Article 5, paragraph (5)), art-5/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-5 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第六項 (Article 5, paragraph (6)), art-5/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-6 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第七項 (Article 5, paragraph (7)), art-5/par-7 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-7 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第八項 (Article 5, paragraph (8)), art-5/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-8 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第五条第三項から第九項まで → 破産法 第五条第九項 (Article 5, paragraph (9)), art-5/par-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-9 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 同条第一項 → 破産法 第五条第一項 (Article 5, paragraph (1)), art-5/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-1 - art-7/par-1/item-5: 第二項 → 破産法 第五条第二項 (Article 5, paragraph (2)), art-5/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-1#art-5/par-2 - art-10/par-5: 前二項 → 破産法 第十条第三項 (Article 10, paragraph (3)), art-10/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-3 - art-10/par-5: 前二項 → 破産法 第十条第四項 (Article 10, paragraph (4)), art-10/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-10/par-4 - art-11/par-1: 次条第一項 → 破産法 第十一条の二第一項 (Article 11-2, paragraph (1)), art-11-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-1 - art-11/par-1: この条 → 破産法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11 - art-11/par-1: 第十二条第一項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-11/par-3: 前項 → 破産法 第十一条第二項 (Article 11, paragraph (2)), art-11/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11/par-2 - art-11-2/par-1: 次項 → 破産法 第十一条の二第二項 (Article 11-2, paragraph (2)), art-11-2/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-2 - art-11-2/par-1: 第三項 → 破産法 第十一条の二第三項 (Article 11-2, paragraph (3)), art-11-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2/par-3 - art-11-2/par-1: 次条 → 破産法 第十一条の三 (Article 11-3), art-11-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-3 - art-11-2/par-1: この条 → 破産法 第十一条の二 (Article 11-2), art-11-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2 - art-11-2/par-1: 第十二条第六項 → 破産法 第十二条第六項 (Article 12, paragraph (6)), art-12/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-6 - art-11-4/par-1: 前三条 → 破産法 第十一条 (Article 11), art-11 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11 - art-11-4/par-1: 前三条 → 破産法 第十一条の二 (Article 11-2), art-11-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-2 - art-11-4/par-1: 前三条 → 破産法 第十一条の三 (Article 11-3), art-11-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-3 - art-11-4/par-1/item-1: 第二十四条第一項 → 破産法 第二十四条第一項 (Article 24, paragraph (1)), art-24/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-15#art-24/par-1 - art-11-4/par-1/item-1: 第二十五条第二項 → 破産法 第二十五条第二項 (Article 25, paragraph (2)), art-25/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-25#art-25/par-2 - art-11-4/par-1/item-1: 第二十八条第一項 → 破産法 第二十八条第一項 (Article 28, paragraph (1)), art-28/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-25#art-28/par-1 - art-11-4/par-1/item-1: 第九十一条第二項 → 破産法 第九十一条第二項 (Article 91, paragraph (2)), art-91/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-86#art-91/par-2 - art-11-4/par-1/item-1: 第百七十一条第一項 → 破産法 第百七十一条第一項 (Article 171, paragraph (1)), art-171/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-6/from-art-171#art-171/par-1 - art-11-4/par-1/item-2: 前号 → 破産法 第十一条の四第一項第一号 (Article 11-4, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-11-4/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-11-4/par-1/item-1 - art-12/par-1: この項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-1: 第三項 → 破産法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-3 - art-12/par-1: 次項 → 破産法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-2 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第三十六条 → 破産法 第三十六条 (Article 36), art-36 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-32#art-36 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第四十条第一項 → 破産法 第四十条第一項 (Article 40, paragraph (1)), art-40/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-32#art-40/par-1 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 同条第二項 → 破産法 第四十条第二項 (Article 40, paragraph (2)), art-40/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-2/from-art-32#art-40/par-2 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第九十六条第一項 → 破産法 第九十六条第一項 (Article 96, paragraph (1)), art-96/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-86#art-96/par-1 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第七十八条第二項 → 破産法 第七十八条第二項 (Article 78, paragraph (2)), art-78/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-78/par-2 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第九十三条第三項 → 破産法 第九十三条第三項 (Article 93, paragraph (3)), art-93/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-86#art-93/par-3 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第八十四条 → 破産法 第八十四条 (Article 84), art-84 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-74#art-84 - art-12/par-1/item-1: 第九十三条第一項 → 破産法 第九十三条第一項 (Article 93, paragraph (1)), art-93/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-3/from-art-86#art-93/par-1 - art-12/par-1/item-2: 第百五十七条第二項 → 破産法 第百五十七条第二項 (Article 157, paragraph (2)), art-157/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-6/from-art-153#art-157/par-2 - art-12/par-2: 前項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-2: 次項 → 破産法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-3 - art-12/par-3: 第一項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-4: 第一項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-3 - art-12/par-5: 第一項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-6: 前各項 → 破産法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-1 - art-12/par-6: 前各項 → 破産法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-2 - art-12/par-6: 前各項 → 破産法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-3 - art-12/par-6: 前各項 → 破産法 第十二条第四項 (Article 12, paragraph (4)), art-12/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-4 - art-12/par-6: 前各項 → 破産法 第十二条第五項 (Article 12, paragraph (5)), art-12/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/en/bankruptcy-act/amendments/20280613_505AC0000000053/text/ch-1/from-art-8#art-12/par-5 - art-13/par-1: 同法第百三十二条の十一第一項第一号 → 民事訴訟法 第百三十二条の十一第一項第一号 (Article 132-11, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-132-11/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-132-11/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-132-11/par-1/item-1 - art-13/par-1: 第五十四条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第五十四条第一項 (Article 54, paragraph (1)), art-54/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-54/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-54/par-1 - art-13/par-1: 同項第二号 → 民事訴訟法 第百三十二条の十一第一項第二号 (Article 132-11, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-132-11/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-132-11/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-132-11/par-1/item-2 - art-13/par-1: 第二条 → 民事訴訟法 第二条 (Article 2), art-2 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-2 - art-13/par-1: 第九条 → 民事訴訟法 第九条 (Article 9), art-9 — https://japanlaw.org/en/code-of-civil-procedure/art-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-9 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-19 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 破産法 — the text as 令和五年法律第五十三号 leaves it, from a date not yet fixed (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/416AC0000000075/20280613_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act (破産法), Article 5, paragraph (3) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 破産法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19